3 pages, APA format, 3-4 references and in-text citations. 

 1. Consider the legal and ethical implications of prescribing prescription drugs, disclosure, and nondisclosure. 

2. Review the scenario During your lunch break at the hospital, you read a journal article on pharmacy economics. You think of a couple of patients who have recently mentioned their financial difficulties. You wonder if some of the expensive drugs you have prescribed are sufficiently managing the patients’ health conditions and improving their quality of life.

3. Search specific laws and standards for prescribing prescription drugs and for addressing medication errors for the state of Georgia, and reflect on these as you review the scenario assigned by your Instructor. 

4. Consider the ethical and legal implications of the scenario for all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family. 

5. Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible decision-making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose any medication errors.

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CASE STUDY: A friend calls and asks you to prescribe a medication for her. You have this autonomy, but you don’t have your friend’s medical history. You write the prescription anyway.

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

• Explain the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
• Describe strategies to address disclosure and nondisclosure as identified in the scenario you selected. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.
• Explain two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose your error. Be sure to justify your explanation. 
• Explain the process of writing prescriptions, including strategies to minimize medication errors.

Please use the assignment and discussion rubric to help guide you in completing your coursework. I use the course rubrics to grade all coursework.

When completing coursework, please use primary or secondary sources published within the last five years to support your writing. The syllabus addresses the types of references that students should use. References like Up-to-Date and WebMD are not preferred sources.

What type of drug should you prescribe based on your patient’s diagnosis? How much of the drug should the patient receive? How often should the drug be administered? When should the drug not be prescribed? Are there individual patient factors that could create complications when taking the drug? Should you be prescribing drugs to this patient? How might different state regulations affect the prescribing of this drug to this patient?

These are some of the questions you might consider when selecting a treatment plan for a patient.  

Photo Credit: Getty Images/Caiaimage

As an advanced practice nurse prescribing drugs, you are held accountable for people’s lives every day. Patients and their families will often place trust in you because of your position. With this trust comes power and responsibility, as well as an ethical and legal obligation to “do no harm.” It is important that you are aware of current professional, legal, and ethical standards for advanced practice nurses with prescriptive authority. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the treatment plans and administration/prescribing of drugs is in accordance with the regulations of the state in which you practice. Understanding how these regulations may affect the prescribing of certain drugs in different states may have a significant impact on your patient’s treatment plan. In this Assignment, you explore ethical and legal implications of scenarios and consider how to appropriately respond.

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and consider the legal and ethical implications of prescribing prescription drugs, disclosure, and nondisclosure.
• Review the scenario assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
• Search specific laws and standards for prescribing prescription drugs and for addressing medication errors for your state or region, and reflect on these as you review the scenario assigned by your Instructor.
• Consider the ethical and legal implications of the scenario for all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
• Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible decision-making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose any medication errors.

By Day 7 of Week 1

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

• Explain the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
• Describe strategies to address disclosure and nondisclosure as identified in the scenario you selected. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.
• Explain two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose your error. Be sure to justify your explanation. 
• Explain the process of writing prescriptions, including strategies to minimize medication errors.

PLEASE PAY ATTENTION TO THE CASE STUDY

FIVE REFERENCE NOT MORE THAN FIVE YEARS

Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice providers. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

• Chapter 1, “Prescriptive Authority” (pp. 1–3)
• Chapter 2, “Rational Drug Selection and Prescription Writing” (pp. 5–9)
• Chapter 3, “Promoting Positive Outcomes of Drug Therapy” (pp. 11–16)
• Chapter 4, “Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Interactions” (pp. 17–40)
• Chapter 5, “Adverse Drug Reactions and Medical Errors” (pp. 41–49)
• Chapter 6, “Individual Variation in Drug Response” (pp. 51–56)

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What do the four parts of the Christian biblical narrative (i.e., creation, fall, redemption, and restoration) say about the nature of God and of reality in relation to the reality of sickness and disease? From where would one find comfort and hope in the light of illness according to this narrative? Explain in detail each part of the narrative above and analyze the implications.

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Solution to ethical dilemma

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After an Ohio Medina County judge ruled that Andy and Anna Hershberger, the parents of a 10-year-old girl, had the right to choose what was medically best for her, an appeals court reversed the decision and sided with a hospital that is fighting to resume her chemotherapy after her parents terminated the treatment. The Hershbergers are a deeply religious Amish family, who chose to take a different route from modern medicine after Sarah became ill from chemotherapy in June. The girl reportedly begged her parents to stop her chemotherapy and testified in court against resuming the treatment. “Our belief is, to a certain extent, we can use modern medicine, but at some times we have to stop it and do something else,” her father told the AP. They plan on going to a wellness center and turning to natural medication such as herbs and vitamins in the hopes that they could help her without putting her in pain. Akron Children’s Hospital, where Sarah had begun her chemotherapy, strongly advocated for the girl to continue her chemo, stating that it was a matter of life or death.

Sarah has lymphoblastic lymphoma, a form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that rarely affects adults but is most often found in people under 35. It is reported to have a five-year survival rate of 85 percent if the patient undergoes chemotherapy. Lymphoma is a blood cancer that occurs when white blood cells divide faster than regular cells, causing tumors of lymphoid cells to grow throughout the body, typically in lymph nodes. “Although there’s all these dire medical predictions they (Sarah’s parents) would refute that by saying this is matter beyond the province of mortal man,” the Hershbergers’ attorney John Oberholtzer told WKYC. “You have to have a kind of faith that a lot of us don’t have…they absolutely have that faith.” He added that Sarah’s parents might take the case to the Ohio Supreme Court, and that it could potentially set a legal precedence with regards to who should hold the rights over a child’s medical decisions when it’s a life or death situation. “There has never been an allegation of parental unfitness, nor has the hospital or anyone else requested legal or physical custody of this child,” Akron Children’s Hospital said in a statement. “This involves a disagreement between providers and parents over what course of treatment is best for their child.” The hospitals’ chief medical officer Robert McGregor said last week that they had a moral and legal duty to ensure that Sarah receives the treatment that is in her best interest.

Bushak, L. (2013, Aug. 9). Court rules that Sarah Hershberger, Amish girl battling cancer, should be appointed legal guardian after parents stop her chemotherapy.  Medical Daily. Retrieved from http://www.medicaldaily.com/court-rules-sarah-hershberger-amish-girl-battling-cancer-should-be-appointed-legal-guardian-after

Address the following questions regarding the case study

1. What are the facts of the case? This should include: what do we need to know, who is involved in the situation, where does the ethical situation take place, and when does it occur?
2. What is the precise ethical issue in regards to autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, fidelity, and justice?
3. Identify the major principles, rules, and values of the case.  Values are sets of beliefs about good and bad, right and wrong, and about many other aspects of living and interacting in the society with others. A principle is a personal rule that governs personal behavior. A rule is generally imposed by a figure of authority, and used to guide and govern people.
4. Are there alternative to the actions completed in this case by both the parents and healthcare facility?
5. Do you feel, in this case, the hospital is honoring the religious and cultural beliefs of the patient and her family? Can a hospital take a Jehovah Witness to court to receive a medically needed blood transfusion?  Is this case different due to the age of the patient? Explain and support your answer.
6. If you were a member of the ethics committee at this facility, what actions would you recommend in this case? Would you be in support of the facility or family? Explain and support your decision.

For the case study, an APA formatted paper should be used, and needs to include a title page, level headings, references and citations. This assignment should include at least 2 references and should be at least five pages in length. Students should address the proposed questions providing ample detail, examples, and additional support.

Assignment Expectations:  

• Length:
  • answers must thoroughly address each question in a clear, concise manner; complete answers will likely take 5-6 pages
• Structure:
  • Reference page required
  • address each question in a numbered list
• References:
  • Two references required
• Format:
  • save your assignment as a Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx), Open Office (.odt) or rich tex

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