1) When it comes to various safety issues, which approach is more suitable to apply, between Absolutism and Utilitarianism?
Notes for Question 1Absolutism – There are some basic rules of Morality which override considerations of consequences. Absolutism is actually arguing a completely different thing, which is there are some basic rules of morality or fundamental principles of ethics which override considerations of consequences.
Utilitarianism – is actually one form of consequentialism. It is under the category of consequentialism, which wassuggested by Jeremy Bentham we need to bringthe greatest happiness of the greatest number of people.That’s what is ethical. So he defines the right action in terms of maximizingthe total sum of happiness
2) Is saving a life one of those fundamental principles, fundamental rules of morality?
3) Is it fair to spend billions of dollars to make marginal improvements of safety, just to save a few number of people
4) Any thoughts on the current calculation of Value of Statistical Life (VSL)?
Notes for Question 3
The UK uses this term, Value of Preventing a Fatality. In the US, we use VSL, which is Value of a Statistical Life. So it’s basically the same thing. It’s a value of a life to be used to make a safety-related decision. In 2016 figure, the VPF in the UK is 1.83 million pounds. That is approximately $2.4 million US the Environmental Protection Agency, has the highest VSL, which is about $10 million. The VPF or VSL is not actually a value of a specific individual, but it’s calculated by this hypothetical situation that how much do we do to reduce the small risks for a large group of people considering the probability of the risk? So it’s actually a statistical number, the value of saving a statistical life.
5) How can we measure a value a human life more accurately?
6) Any thoughts on the issue of safety and organ transplantation/ donation?]
Notes for Question 4
Touch on• Concerns over Directed donation to Loved Ones

•Concerns over Directed Donation To a Stranger

• Problems of Self-Regulation</o:p>

• Ethical issues on Organ Allocation
7) What are your thoughts on organ allocation decisions and principles?

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1. Why do you think the percentage of Americans who believe that trade with other countries leads to job creation increased from 20% to 36% between 2014 and 2018? 2. What do you feel would create a greater sense of appreciation among average Americans for the role that international trade plays in creating a prosperous domestic economy?

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1. Why do you think that the Chinese apparently have a cost advantage in the production of pencils?

2. Do you think that lobbying the U.S. government to impose antidumping duties on imports of pencils from China is a good way to protect American jobs? Who benefits most from such duties? Who loses? What alternative policy stance might the government take?

3. By establishing facilities in Mexico, Dixon became a multinational company. Why has Dixon become a multinational? What are the economic benefits to Dixon of becoming an international business?

4. Now that Dixon has a production operation in China, why does it not simply import finished pencils from China to the United States, instead of making those pencils in Mexico?

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1. Why do you think that the Chinese apparently have a cost advantage in the production of pencils?

2. Do you think that lobbying the U.S. government to impose antidumping duties on imports of pencils from China is a good way to protect American jobs? Who benefits most from such duties? Who loses? What alternative policy stance might the government take?

3. By establishing facilities in Mexico, Dixon became a multinational company. Why has Dixon become a multinational? What are the economic benefits to Dixon of becoming an international business?

4. Now that Dixon has a production operation in China, why does it not simply import finished pencils from China to the United States, instead of making those pencils in Mexico?

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1. Why do you think major auto manufacturers do not build ambulances?

2. What is an alternative process strategy to the assembly line that Wheeled Coach currently uses?

3. Why is it more efficient for the work cells to prepare “modules” and deliver them to the assembly line than it would be to produce the component (e.g., interior upholstery) on the line?

4. How does Wheeled Coach determine what tasks are to be performed at each workstation?

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Case5_Group5_21/11/2018_Discussions and Submission Case examines the process strategy at Wheeled Coach, the US’s largest manufacturer of ambulances. Chapter 7 turns to helping managers find the best way to produce their goods. A process strategy is how a company, like ambulance manufacturer Wheeled Coach, the world’s largest, transforms its resources into finished products. The 350 employees at Wheeled Coach make only custom-made ambulances. Virtually every vehicle is different. Wheeled Coach accommodates this growth by providing a wide variety of options and an engineering staff accustomed to innovation and custom design. Wheeled Coach’s growth, now requiring that more than 20 ambulances roll off the assembly line each week, makes process design a continuing challenge. Wheeled Coach’s response has been to build a focused factory: Wheeled Coach builds nothing but ambulances. Within the focused factory, Wheeled Coach established work cells for every major module feeding an assembly line, including aluminum bodies, electrical wiring harnesses, interior cabinets, windows, painting, and upholstery. Labor standards drive the schedule so that every work cell feeds the assembly line on schedule, just-in-time for installations. The chassis, usually that of a Ford truck, moves to a station where the aluminum body is mounted. Then the vehicle is moved to painting. Following a custom paint job, it moves to the assembly line, where it will spend seven days. During each of these seven workdays, each work cell delivers its respective module to the appropriate position on the assembly line. During the first day, electrical wiring is installed; on the second day, the unit moves forward to the station at which cabinetry is delivered and installed, then to a window and lighting station, on to upholstery, to fit and finish, to further customizing and finally to inspection and road testing. Discussion 1. Why do you think major auto manufacturers do not build ambulances? 2. What…

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