1. What is your opinion about the problems of Vikas Motor Limited that have been caused due to the advent of foreign companies?

2. Do you agree with the decision of the board of directors regarding the abolition of collective bargaining and its replacement with individual employee bargaining?

3. How do you foresee the future of this company? What measures are required now to normalize the situation?

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Vikas Motor Limited is the second-largest two-wheeler manufacturer in the country. The company has ten brands, each performing well, and five production plants in different regions of the country. It has a single recognized union which is strong and effective with nearly 70 per cent membership of the employees. As part of its IR strategy, Vikas Motor follows a well-established collective bargaining technique for deciding labour-related issues, including wages and other benefits. Due to collective bargaining, the company has been revising the compensation packages of the employees once in three years. Collective bargaining has also ensured that the company has remained free from any major industrial dispute and disturbances for several years till date. However, the entry of foreign companies into the market, which created a price war in the two-wheeler segment instantly meant that every company in the automobile industry was forced to respond in some way to this emerging trend. Obviously, companies viewed cost reduction as the most viable approach to warding off the threat of elimination from the market. Understandably, the emphasis of Vikas Motor was also on cost cutting, and its board decided that the best strategy for wage reduction or freezing and cutting back on expensive employee benefits is the introduction of individual employee-level bargaining and the elimination of collective bargaining. The directors also felt that collective bargaining achieved the desired result on the IR front but not in terms of productivity and cost reduction. However, Mr Gupta, Director of HR and IR, differed with the general opinion of the board and advised it to look at collective bargaining as an instrument of change and not as an obstruction. Finally, the board decided to abolish collective bargaining as a wage-fixation technique and replaced it with individual employee-oriented and performance-based system for wage determination. The employees and their union received the…

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1) When it comes to various safety issues, which approach is more suitable to apply, between Absolutism and Utilitarianism?
Notes for Question 1Absolutism – There are some basic rules of Morality which override considerations of consequences. Absolutism is actually arguing a completely different thing, which is there are some basic rules of morality or fundamental principles of ethics which override considerations of consequences.
Utilitarianism – is actually one form of consequentialism. It is under the category of consequentialism, which wassuggested by Jeremy Bentham we need to bringthe greatest happiness of the greatest number of people.That’s what is ethical. So he defines the right action in terms of maximizingthe total sum of happiness
2) Is saving a life one of those fundamental principles, fundamental rules of morality?
3) Is it fair to spend billions of dollars to make marginal improvements of safety, just to save a few number of people
4) Any thoughts on the current calculation of Value of Statistical Life (VSL)?
Notes for Question 3
The UK uses this term, Value of Preventing a Fatality. In the US, we use VSL, which is Value of a Statistical Life. So it’s basically the same thing. It’s a value of a life to be used to make a safety-related decision. In 2016 figure, the VPF in the UK is 1.83 million pounds. That is approximately $2.4 million US the Environmental Protection Agency, has the highest VSL, which is about $10 million. The VPF or VSL is not actually a value of a specific individual, but it’s calculated by this hypothetical situation that how much do we do to reduce the small risks for a large group of people considering the probability of the risk? So it’s actually a statistical number, the value of saving a statistical life.
5) How can we measure a value a human life more accurately?
6) Any thoughts on the issue of safety and organ transplantation/ donation?]
Notes for Question 4
Touch on• Concerns over Directed donation to Loved Ones

•Concerns over Directed Donation To a Stranger

• Problems of Self-Regulation</o:p>

• Ethical issues on Organ Allocation
7) What are your thoughts on organ allocation decisions and principles?

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