1. Show 8052 code which sets timer 1 to 16bit mode, turns it on and sets it starting value such that it overflows every 100th.
1. Show an example of a Markov chain where the limiting distribution reached via repeated applications of equation (12.20) depends on the initial distribution P(0).
2. Consider the following two conditions on a Markov chain T:
a. It is possible to get from any state to any state using a positive probability path in the state graph.
b. For each state x, there is a positive probability of transitioning directly from x to x (a self-loop).
a. Show that, for a finite-state Markov chain, these two conditions together imply that T is regular.
b. Show that regularity of the Markov chain implies condition 1.
c. Show an example of a regular Markov chain that does not satisfy the condition 2.
d. Now let us weaken condition 2, requiring only that there exists a state x with a positive probability of transitioning directly from x to x. Show that this weaker condition and condition 1 together still su‑ce to ensure regularity.
1.Specific identification, assuming that 1 200 units were sold from the beginning inventory, 1 200 units were sold from the first purchase, 600 units were sold from the 15 August purchase, and the remainder from the 23 August purchase.
[1] Some of the members of Phar-Mor’s financial management team were former auditors for Coopers & Lybrand. (a) Why would a company want to hire a member of its external audit team? (b) If the client has hired former auditors, would this affect the independence of the existing external auditors? (c) How did the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rulings by the PCAOB, SEC or AICPA affect a public company’s ability to hire members of its external audit team? (d) Is it appropriate for auditors to trust executives of a client?
[2] (a) What factors in the auditor-client relationship can put the client in a more powerful position than the auditor? (b) What measures has and/or can the profession take to reduce the potential consequences of this power imbalance?
[3] (a) Assuming you were an equity investor, would you pursue legal action against the auditor? Assuming the answer is yes, under what law(s) would you bring suit and what would be the basis of your claim? (b) Define negligence as it is used in legal cases involving independent auditors. (c) What is the primary difference between negligence and fraud; between fraud and recklessness?
[4] Coopers & Lybrand was sued under both federal statutory and state common law. The judge ruled that under Pennsylvania law the plaintiffs were not primary beneficiaries. Pennsylvania follows the legal precedent inherent in the Ultramares Case. (a) In jurisdictions following the Ultramares doctrine, under what conditions can auditors be held liable under common law to third parties who are not primary beneficiaries? (b) How do jurisdictions that follow the legal precedent inherent in the Rusch Factors case differ from jurisdictions following Ultramares?
[5] Coopers was also sued under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The burden of proof is not the same under the Securities Acts of 1933 and 1934. Identify the important differences and discuss the primary objective behind the differences in the laws (1933 and 1934) as they relate to auditor liability?
[6] (a) The auditors considered Phar-Mor to be an inherently “high risk” client. List several factors at Phar-Mor that would have contributed to a high inherent risk assessment. (b) Should auditors have equal responsibility to detect material misstatements due to errors and fraud? (c) Which conditions, attitudes, and motivations at Phar-Mor created an environment conducive for fraud could have been identified as red flags by the external auditors?
[7] The popular press has indicated that inventory fraud is one of the biggest reasons for the proliferation of accounting scandals. (a) Name two other high profile cases where a company has committed fraud by misstating inventory. (b) What makes the intentional misstatement of inventory difficult to detect? How was Phar-Mor successful in fooling Coopers & Lybrand for several years with overstated inventory? (c) To help prevent or detect the overstatement of inventory, what are some audit procedures that could be effectively employed?
1. Specialization and production possibilities Suppose China produces only smartphones and tablets. The resources that are used in the production of these two goods are not specialized—that is, the same set of resources is equally useful in producing both tablets and smartphones.
The shape of China’s production possibilities frontier (PPF) should reflect the fact that as China produces more tablets and fewer smartphones, the opportunity cost of producing each additional tablet The following graphs show two possible PPFs for China’s economy: a straight-line PPF (PPF,) and a bowed-out PPF (PPF2) Graph 1 Graph 2 PPF PPF TABLETS TABLETS Type here to search
1.Software which provides digital functions in an automobile such as fuel control, dashboard displays, barking systems etc are A.system software B.engineering software C.product line software D.embedded software 2. RAD SDLC model should be chosen only if resources with high business knowledge are available and there is a need to produce system in a A.large span of time B.short span of time C.fixed time for all D.not time dependent 3.Application software is used to control business function in A.simulation time B.initial time C.real time D.final time 4. Engineering action encompasses a work task like architectural design, interface design etc that create a design model is termed as A.design B.analysis C.assessment D.develop 5. In prototype model, iteration is planned quickly in A.quick plan B.quick design C.construction of prototype D.deployment
1. SITXMGT501
5. What legislative requirements cover the information you convey to clients? 200 words
2. SITXGLC501
3. Research hotel licensing requirements in your state/ territory. Provide a brief overview of the obligations of licensees ( 200 words)
7. Design a template that could be used when developing workplace policies. Upload your template for assessment. 100 or less
Note:
All of this needs to be in a policy template correct, but you need to set it out into a template version please. i.e. your first page will have:
Title and number:
the name and number of the policy.
Then your second page:
Then your third page:
etc. etc.
8. What are the legal responsibilities and liabilities of managers and directors in terms of health and safety in the workplace? ( 200 words)
3. SITXCCS501 – MANAGE QUALITY CUSTOMER SERVICE
Summative Assessment 1: question # – 3 Design a template that could be used when developing workplace policies. ( 100 words or less)
( This needs to be an actual template. The information is correct but you need to format it correctly. Page 1:, page 2: etc..)
Summative assessment 2: Project 1.
1
How can organisations in the travel, tourism and hospitality industries ensure they continue to deliver products and services that meet or exceed the needs of their customers? 250 words
1.Smallgoods Pty. Ltd. is a manufacturer of processed meat products including salami. During the manufacturing process, the salami is put through a treatment process that kills bacteria which is known in the small goods industry to form in the salami during production. The bacteriaisvery small and cannot be seen with the human eye. During the manufacture of a particular batch of salami marked “use by 31 July 2018”, Smallgoods Pty Ltd omitted to put the batch through the bacteria treatment process. The salami was then packaged in air-tight plastic packaging which allows the purchaser to see the salami.
This batch of salami was sold to Supermarkets Pty. Ltd.for sale in its supermarket in Melbourne. On 20 July 2018, Ann purchased a package of salami which was marked “use by 31July2018” from the supermarket. Above the smallgoods section of the supermarket was a large sign which read “The Liability of Supermarkets Pty. Ltd.” for any loss or damage caused by any product it sells is limited to the cost of replacing the product”.
Ann properly stored the salami in the refrigerator but did not look at the “use by” date. On 7 August 2018, she consumed part of the salami which contained bacteria andshebecame very ill. She required hospitalisation, incurring large medical expenses and was unable to go to work for two months.
(a)Compare Ann’s rights against the salami manufacturer under the tort of negligence with her rights under ss54 and 138 of the ACL (10 marks).(b)Aside from the rights discussed above, explainwhether Ann has any (and if so, what) rights against Supermarkets Pty. Ltd. under the ACL in relation to the contaminated salami (10 marks).
2.For some years, Shanti had worked night shift at the U-Bewt Shoes factory, where she was the cutting-machine operator. Her shift started at 3pm and finished at 11pm. She travelled to work by car, and the factory had a car park in which she parked. When she left work at 11pm, the car park was fairly empty, and quite dark. She was the only one leaving at that time, and she had to walk over 100 metres to reach her car. Shanti had, in the past, caught a glimpse of a person in the bushes surrounding the car park, but had never been able to identify the person, since the carpark was unlit.
Shanti had mentioned herconcerns about walking in the carpark at night to her manager, Mr Collins, and suggested that the factory erect some lights, but he had told her that there was nothing to worry about. The carpark was fenced, and there was a security guard at the gateway to the carpark.Shantireplied that the security guard was not of much help to her, since he was 500 metres from the actual carpark.Shanti also told Mr Collins that everyone knew that some cars had been brokeninto. Mr Collins said that he had heard about the problem but said that nothing more needed to be done, since the carpark was secure.
A week after this conversation, Shanti was walking to her car when she saw a figure at one of the other cars. When she caught a clearer view she saw that it was a man, and that he was clearly breaking into her car. She yelled out, and the man ran towards her and punched herand knockedherto the ground. He then kicked her, and grabbed her handbag before running off.
As a result of the injuries that Shanti suffered during the attack she was unable to work for several months. She blames the factory for the attack, and wants to sue.AdviseShanti about the likely success of her action (15 marks)
1.) Suppose it takes Zeeland 5 labor hours to make each car and 15 labor hours to make each robot, while it requires Antigo 1 labor hours to make each car and 10 labor hours to make each robot. Further suppose each nation has 90 labor hours available. 2.) What is the opportunity cost of one car for Antigo and for Zeeland? What about for one robot? 3.) Suppose each nation specializes according to comparative advantage and then trades with the other nation. On your graphs, label the bundle each nation produces when specializing as well as one possible previously infeasible bundle each is able to consume assuming the two nations trade with each other. 4.) Write a paragraph to summarize your results.
(a) For any state s containing the item A—> a • 13, ItemPollow((s,A—) a • 13)) c Follow(A)
03)
U U ItemFollow((s,A—)al • 130). Follow(A)
s A —> cri • pies
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