Newcastle’s West End is undergoing significant change, and in particular the junctions of Stewart Ave and Hunter St are undergoing significant commercial investment. Your client has recently purchased a large high profile parcel of land to construct a new 12 storey commercial building. Your consulting engineering firm has been engaged to develop structural engineering concepts, followed by detailed design and documentation for the project. The client’s key objective is to maximise net floor area as these generate rental yield. However, government legislation dictates a minimum number of car spaces for the facility. To maximise lettable floor area, your client has decided to include a single storey car park below the building. Your structural system shall consist of concrete footings, retaining structures, reinforced concrete columns and walls, traditional reinforced concrete flooring and a steel roof. However, note the architect’s current documentation presents a column layout which suits a post-tensioned floor system. Your firm will be responsible for developing an alternate column grid to support a traditional reinforced concrete floor system. Document Preview:

School of Engineering The University of Newcastle CIVL4521 / CIVL6521 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING PROJECT 2019 Course coordinator: Mark Masia (EA115, [email protected], 49215295) COMMERCIAL BUILDING Newcastle NSW PROJECT DESCRIPTION Newcastle’s West End is undergoing significant change, and in particular the junctions of Stewart Ave and Hunter St are undergoing significant commercial investment. Your client has recently purchased a large high profile parcel of land to construct a new 12 storey commercial building. Your consulting engineering firm has been engaged to develop structural engineering concepts, followed by detailed design and documentation for the project. The client’s key objective is to maximise net floor area as these generate rental yield. However, government legislation dictates a minimum number of car spaces for the facility. To maximise lettable floor area, your client has decided to include a single storey car park below the building. Your structural system shall consist of concrete footings, retaining structures, reinforced concrete columns and walls, traditional reinforced concrete flooring and a steel roof. However, note the architect’s current documentation presents a column layout which suits a post-tensioned floor system. Your firm will be responsible for developing an alternate column grid to support a traditional reinforced concrete floor system. The architect has provided your firm with building floor plans, overall building sections and a geotechnical report for the site. DESIGN BRIEF The structural system for the proposed building is to consist of: – A suitable footing system to support the design loads (DL, LL, WL, & EQL). The geotechnical report provided will assist you by providing guidance on appropriate design parameters. – Reinforced concrete ground slab, columns for support of the upper floor(s) and suspended concrete slab(s). All floors of the building will be air…

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[1] Some of the members of Phar-Mor’s financial management team were former auditors for Coopers & Lybrand. (a) Why would a company want to hire a member of its external audit team? (b) If the client has hired former auditors, would this affect the independence of the existing external auditors? (c) How did the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rulings by the PCAOB, SEC or AICPA affect a public company’s ability to hire members of its external audit team? (d) Is it appropriate for auditors to trust executives of a client?

[2] (a) What factors in the auditor-client relationship can put the client in a more powerful position than the auditor? (b) What measures has and/or can the profession take to reduce the potential consequences of this power imbalance?

[3] (a) Assuming you were an equity investor, would you pursue legal action against the auditor? Assuming the answer is yes, under what law(s) would you bring suit and what would be the basis of your claim? (b) Define negligence as it is used in legal cases involving independent auditors. (c) What is the primary difference between negligence and fraud; between fraud and recklessness?

[4] Coopers & Lybrand was sued under both federal statutory and state common law. The judge ruled that under Pennsylvania law the plaintiffs were not primary beneficiaries. Pennsylvania follows the legal precedent inherent in the Ultramares Case. (a) In jurisdictions following the Ultramares doctrine, under what conditions can auditors be held liable under common law to third parties who are not primary beneficiaries? (b) How do jurisdictions that follow the legal precedent inherent in the Rusch Factors case differ from jurisdictions following Ultramares?

[5] Coopers was also sued under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The burden of proof is not the same under the Securities Acts of 1933 and 1934. Identify the important differences and discuss the primary objective behind the differences in the laws (1933 and 1934) as they relate to auditor liability?

[6] (a) The auditors considered Phar-Mor to be an inherently “high risk” client. List several factors at Phar-Mor that would have contributed to a high inherent risk assessment. (b) Should auditors have equal responsibility to detect material misstatements due to errors and fraud? (c) Which conditions, attitudes, and motivations at Phar-Mor created an environment conducive for fraud could have been identified as red flags by the external auditors?

[7] The popular press has indicated that inventory fraud is one of the biggest reasons for the proliferation of accounting scandals. (a) Name two other high profile cases where a company has committed fraud by misstating inventory. (b) What makes the intentional misstatement of inventory difficult to detect? How was Phar-Mor successful in fooling Coopers & Lybrand for several years with overstated inventory? (c) To help prevent or detect the overstatement of inventory, what are some audit procedures that could be effectively employed?

 

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1.Software which provides digital functions in an automobile such as fuel control, dashboard displays, barking systems etc are A.system software B.engineering software C.product line software D.embedded software 2. RAD SDLC model should be chosen only if resources with high business knowledge are available and there is a need to produce system in a A.large span of time B.short span of time C.fixed time for all D.not time dependent 3.Application software is used to control business function in A.simulation time B.initial time C.real time D.final time 4. Engineering action encompasses a work task like architectural design, interface design etc that create a design model is termed as A.design B.analysis C.assessment D.develop 5. In prototype model, iteration is planned quickly in A.quick plan B.quick design C.construction of prototype D.deployment

 

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1. Suppose that a stock is expected to pay a $1 dividend at the end of this year and that your required return on equity investments is 9%. Using a one-period model of stock price determination, if you expect to sell a stock you buy today a year later for $17.0?, you will be willing to pay for the stock the amount $ (Round your response to the nearest two decimal places) 2. Suppose that a stock is expected to pay a $1 dividend next? year, that the dividend is expected to grow at 2?% per? year, and that your required return on this equity investment is 8?%. Using the Gordon growth? model, the price you would be willing to pay for the stock is ?$

 

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1- Suppose Kevin is operating a cake shop at a perfectlycompetitive market in South Korea and producingat the shutdown point.

a. Draw graphs to show and explain the price andquantity of Kevin’s cakes, as well as his profit.

b. With the graphs drawn in response to question(a), show and explain the long-run adjustmentprocess for Kevin’s cake shop and the cakeindustry.

 

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