From Medicine Men before Christianity began to today, there has been much change.  There are similarities of past nursing practice to present, but the scope of practice has changed (Spector, 2004), (Chapter 2 History of Professional Nursing by Stacey Whitney, 2018).  Key leaders in this change would start with Florence Nightingale in 1837, where she began the change in a hospital in Turkey (Cohen, 1984).  There she and her nurses took care of the wounded soldiers in unsanitary conditions.  She felt a change in environment was needed in order to decrease the death rate of infections.  It was because she took the leadership role to request a change and formed research and data analysis to convince those that could help her implement the environmental change (Cohen, 1984).  She then wrote a book of her experiences and founded a school in London in 1859, called the Nightingale Training School for Nurses (Cohen, 1984).  In 1867-1940, Mary Brewster and Lillian Wald founded a Visiting Service of New York and the Henry Street Settlement House.  The Settlement House was where they cared for poor immigrants.  Lillian Wald also helped student absenteeism in New York Schools due to sickness, to decrease by having one of her nurses, Lina Rogers, to be responsible for the care of the poor sick children in their homes so that they may return to school.  With nursing services needed in the American Civil War (1821-1912), Clara Barton volunteered and became the founder of the American Red Cross.  With the difference she made in the military, military officials saw the need and convinced Congress to allow trained female nurses to be members of the military.  It was in (1862-1919) that Jane Delano founded the American Red Cross Nursing Service (Sarnecky, 1999).  As the advancement of nursing continued, the need for professional nursing education was recognized during the Civil War.  Linda Richards became the first graduate as a professional trained American nurse.  By the early 1913, Nurse training programs was on the rise in the United States and Japan where Linda Richards began nurse training programs (Faison, 2012).

This history is the reason for the advancement of nursing practice.  With research and evidence of conditions and needs to ensure quality care of patients, and the foundation of focus on health promotion, disease prevention, and risk reduction. Nursing practice has taken this foundation and moved forward with understanding the importance of continuing education, the use of technology, and the importance of continuing research for the purpose of quality care and future knowledge of even better ways to meet the needs of the patients and ensure positive outcomes.

 

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 How has nursing practice evolved over time? Discuss the key leaders and historical events that have influenced the advancement of nursing, nursing education, and nursing roles that are now part of the contemporary nursing profession. 

 

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Me    5 posts   Re: Topic 2 DQ 2  Great post Dorothy also as a general rule, every policy should be reviewed every one to three years. But most experts recommend reviewing policies annually. Policy review doesn’t have to be as daunting a task as it sounds. By reviewing policies and procedures the organization is able to incorporate the current evidence-based practice and wed off the old ones.  Also, outdated policies can leave the organization at risk. old policies may fail to comply with new laws and regulations. They may not address the new systems or technology  Violations of the nursing standard of care can result in the actions against the individual, survey deficiencies especially if the nurse does not follow the facility policies and procedures in rendering the care. It is the facility responsibilities to educate staff and update their policies according to the new literature on Evidenced-Based Practice  Health care organizations need to consider multiple strategies to facilitate and promote evidence-based practice. Managerial support. facilitation and a culture that is receptive to changes are essential  Reference  K Gerrish, J Clayton-Journal of nursing management 12(2),114-123,2004  https://doi.org/10.1016/S1526-4114(11)60159-5Terri O’Brien    10 posts   Alimatu – substantive credit and APA 

Please work on the below recommendation 

 Alimatu,  You have a reference but the reference does not match either of the citations in your post and the two citations you posted do not have references at the bottom of your post.  Please recopy your post and correct this so I can give you substantive credit for the post.  Thank you.  Professor O’Brien

 

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Please read the instructions

Grading Rubric Hints and Sample Table for this Discussion Question

Grading Rubric Advice and Sample Table for This Discussion Question

Class after completing all the assigned readings answer the following question:

For the middle-aged adult, exercise can reduce the risk of various health problems. Choose two at-risk health issues that regular physical exercise and activity can help prevent and manage. Discuss the prevalence of each of these health problems in society today. Describe measures that you would take as a nurse to assist clients with health promotion measures to incorporate exercise and physical activity into their lives. Include the kind of activities you would recommend, the amount of exercise, and the approach you would use to gain cooperation from the client. Support your response with evidence-based literature.

Your post should illustrate that you completed the readings and be well related to the unit’s objectives. Please do not use consumer web sites like Mayo.org as the information is summarized and simplified for the consumer. Your post should illustrate knowledge much deeper than a consumer.

Grading Rubric

States two health issues that physical exercise could help prevent and manage in the middle-aged adult +1

Provides prevalence of the problems in society today (current statistics) +2

Lists/ discusses health promotion measures for prevention/ management of each problem +2

Includes examples of activities/ exercises +2

Supports response with evidence-based literature. +0.5

Writing / APA reference and citation +0.5

Table for your Answers

Health Issues of Middle Age that Exercise can Prevent

Prevalence of the Problem in the US

Health promotion measures you would introduce/ physical exercise you would suggest/ Approach to gain cooperation

   

   

Evidence Based Literature used:

 

References

 

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 Instructions are in the picture below please see the picture 

250 words citation, reference answer will be in a table. 

End-of-life care becomes an issue at some point for elderly clients. Even with the emergence of palliative care programs and hospice programs, most elderly people do not die in their own home as is their preference. What are the reasons for this trend? Discuss what you can do as a nurse to support your clients regarding end-of-life care in accordance with their wishes. Support your response with evidence-based literature.

 

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