I need a response to the following peers

Peer  1 

The use of cannabis has drawn the attention of many Americans with some support legalization due to its medicinal values, while others are opposing the idea claiming it will lead to an increase in crime. Some of the groups that support the use of cannabis in the health sector include the Democrats who believe and a high number of Americans who argue that marijuana is safer compared to other drugs. However, some organizations, such as the U.S Drug Enforcement Administration, are reluctant to use cannabis, citing its abuse. They put the drug in the same category as heroin. Currently, it is legal to use marijuana in 32 states and the District of Columbia who claim cannabis is safe for medicinal uses (State Medical Marijuana Laws, 2019).  

Research reveals that cannabis has over 100 different chemicals known as cannabinoids. Each chemical affects the body differently. Bridgeman and Abazia (2017) note that among the most common compounds are cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). These chemicals can treat conditions including cancer through reduction of pain during chemotherapy, Alzheimer’s, Crohn’s disease, reduce inflammation, nausea, and wasting syndrome known as cachexia (Freeman, Hindocha, Green & Bloomfield, 2019).  These chemicals can also boost eating appetite, reduce pain, and contain mental health issues such as posttraumatic stress disorder. More research is, however, underway concerning the health benefits of cannabis.  

As people conduct more research on the medicinal effects of cannabis, new products and innovations encourage the expansion of cannabinoid-based pharmaceuticals.  Biotech organizations also take advantage of the growing demand for marijuana. In 2018, the former Attorney General allowed prosecutors to decide the application of the marijuana laws (State Medical Marijuana Laws, 2019). As more states continue debating about the legalization of the drug, it seems that in the future, it will be legal to use marijuana for medical purposes in the whole of the United States (Tawfik, Hashan, Abdelaal, Tieu & Huy, 2019). Research from Market Research shows that the market for medicinal cannabis was $8.28 in 2017 and predicts growth to $28.1 billion by 2022 (“The Demand for Legal Cannabis Products are Expected to Grow,” 2019). Therefore, the market for cannabis in the health sectors seems to grow significantly in the coming years. 

Peer2 

Medicinal cannabis can be traced to more than 5,000 years in history throughout the World. In the early 20thcentury cannabis in the United States was applied as medicine. California championed the application of botanical cannabis as medicine in 1996 under the supervision of a physician. The nation as a whole then began to review and investigate the use and application of cannabis for both medical, products, and recitational use in the United States.   

          The individual States have been stakeholder calling for the legalization and sale of cannabis. One example other than California is the District of Columbia, Colorado, and Seattle who have permitted public medical cannabis. Designations are set forth in these States as a provision that no criminal sentences for the use of medical cannabis applies. Following in these States footsteps, Nations across the world are also planning the legalization of medical cannabis. Spain for instance allows citizens to grow cannabis. Other stakeholders include cooperation’s who plan cannabis as a big profit business. Additional pharmaceutical companies plan to use cannabis as a form of pain management and seizure medications. Plus, products such as lotions, dog food, and even shampoos include cannabis in the ingredients.        

           A report by UNICEF in 2013 gives information on the increasing use of Medical cannabis telling that nations are now embracing the importance of cannabis by moving from restricted to legalization to fully legalization of the possession, production, as well as the sale of cannabis (Spithoff, Emerson, & Spithoff, 2015). Thus, the level of States approving cannabis for medical prescriptions is increasing. In 2013, the U.S. Department of Justice announced an update to its cannabis enforcement policy, arguing that States have permitted the approval of adult cannabis use (National Conference of State Legislatures, 2019). Looking towards the future, laws will most likely be passed that approved the legalized of both the medical use and personal use of cannabis. 

Response posts must be minimum 100 words each. Word document, double space. APA (6th) 

This the original work if you needed:

Trace the history of cannabis use in medicine for the treatment and management of illness via nursing scholarly journal articles. Examine your sources for the following information below and describe the following:

1. Who are the stakeholders both in support of and in opposition to medicinal cannabis use?

2. What does current medical/nursing research say regarding the increasing use of medicinal cannabis?

3. What are the policy, legal and future practice implications based on the current prescribed rate of cannabis?

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Please, respond to the following discussion by using peer-reviewed Nursing Journal not older than 5 years. APA format required.

Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Evidence based practice (EBP) is related to nursing research in several ways. Evidence based practices use researched knowledge in order to improve a practice. A fundamental part of EBP is using the best presented research evidence and integrating it with other factors in making clinical decisions to improve the outcomes (Polit & Beck, 2018). Nurses need to understand a research in order to use it and to center the evidence of its practice in order to adjust it to possibly perform an EBP.

Nursing research and EBP have their differences as well. There are different requirements for nurses to do either. Any nurse can perform an EBP. They can use a knowledge in nursing and improve the results of a practice by changing a few things. A group of RNs’ on a rehabilitation unit can give group talk sessions about fall prevention measures with patients and family member and record if there are less falls in the unit as a result of this practice. Nurses need a higher education in order to perform researches. Many researches companies require that nurse acquire a master’s in nursing, or even a doctorate, prior to be hire. Both nursing research and EBP has a different set of steps to follow. Nursing research involves concepts, constructs, theories, variable, and research data (Polit & Beck, 2018). Nursing researches can be based on nursing, medical, or any other science that could relate with nursing. EBP, on the contrary, will use of a research knowledge, find a group to test, perform an intervention, compare the results, check for outcomes and make better decisions based on the best evidence. Also, there are four essential EBP skills which are asking a practice question using the PICO method, retrieving evidence from the literature, appraising the evidence, and synthesizing the evidence (Howe & Close, 2016).

In conclusion, a nursing research is a development of a new knowledge based on a study perform by nurses with a higher education while EBP can be performed by a nurse with the knowledge already known and with better evidences will improve its application. 

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MSN degree, APA format 1 page 3 references 1 from walden university library,

Due 3/2/2019 at 7pm EST

Wars and Nightingale

New Fields and Technology

Research and Respect

Past

     Earliest nurses were often a response to wars and the need for medical care for injured soldiers.  These women were patriotic but not truly educated as nurses and often caused more damage than good related to their lack of basic healthcare knowledge (Keating & DeBoor, 2018).  Florence Nightingale was a proponent of nursing education from her own experiences during the Crimean War (Davida, 2012).  She influenced some of the first nursing schools with her idea that the education should stand alone and not be associated with an apprenticeship with the teaching hospital (Keating & DeBoor, 2018).

Present

     Nurses of today specialize in all sorts of fields from the operating room to pediatrics to hospice to just name a few.  This specialization has made the nurse workforce incredibly diverse and nursing educators and programs have had to respond accordingly.  Economically, nursing schools have become expensive programs and often difficult to staff as experienced nurse educators retire (Keating & DeBoor, 2018).  Immense changes in technology from how a nurse charts to how IVFs are given have dramatically changed how nurses do their work and how they are educated.

Future

     Higher education for nurses will continue to evolve with an emphasis on nursing research as well as life-long learning (Laureate, 2012c).  The need for evidence-based nursing research will influence healthcare to the extent that the solutions garnered from nursing investigation will be on the same par as medical studies done by providers.  This increased respect for nursing could lead to increased interest in nursing as a career and in nursing education overall.

References

Davida, M. (2012).  History of nursing education:  In our past, lies our future.  Retrieved from

 http://nursingeducationhistory.org/

Keating, S.B. & DeBoor, S.S. (Ed.). (2018).  Curriculum Development and Evaluation in

     Nursing (4th Ed.).  New York, NY:  Springer.

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012c).  Requirements through the years. 

     Baltimore, MD:  Author.

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 Please, write a response for the following discussion and use one peer-reviewed Nursing Journal not older than 5 years, APA format is required.

Nursing Theory Necessity

 In the nursing field, nursing theories have proven to help improve the nurse and patient’s environment. They have helped in improving our patients lives by promoting infection control and advocating for their health and safety. It is important for nurses to be aware that theory and practice are not to be separated, but in fact combined. The purpose of the theory is to be put in practice. Just like our textbook demonstrates via the circular graph, stating theory, research and practice individually help to validate, modify or invalidate the theory in question (George, 2011). For a theory to be acknowledged, there must be research that proves the theory correct. Lastly, the theory must be placed into practice. Theories are important in the field of nursing, many institutions base their care models on specific theorists. According to Power (2016), the theory is important in the nursing field, but one must not forget about compassion. Compassion meaning not forgetting that in room 203 there is a human being with feelings and needs and their care should involve them. Many institutions are following the patient centered care approach because research has shown that when the patient is involved in making informed decision they will continue to improve their health once discharged.

 

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please, provide a response to the following discussion in one or two paragraphs.

  

The response requires one reference from a peer-reviewed NURSING journal less than 5 y/o.  (not from the internet but from Database).Professional, governmental, or educational organizations (.org, .gov, or .edu) may be used as supplemental references.

APA format required. 

Money rules everything is one of the quotes that some companies stand by.  There is evidence to suggest that money does change decisions, and lots of money does alter the future for these companies. However, companies try to incorporate decisions not only using money but also using customer feedback. Some of that customer feedback can ultimately aid in gaming more money. Companies’ goals are to try to make money to provide more for the customers and pay employees. In the healthcare system hospitals, doctors offices, and pharmacies all have to make money to pay employees and keep providing customers/ patient with excellent service. Some of these institutions are for-profit and some are nonprofit. These institutions still need to have some sort of cash flow in order to work. The biggest economic impact on these healthcare institutions are insurance companies. Insurance companies are the driving force of how these institutions get paid for the most part. However, with insurances there is a huge disparity on who has insurance and who can afford insurance. That is why universal healthcare is at the forefront of all economic conversations specifically here in the United States of America. Universal healthcare can allow all citizens of the US to be seen by a doctor and thus maintaining or bettering their health. Nevertheless, universal healthcare comes at a great economic cost. With the longer life span of Americans and the constant spending on health promoting products the United States spends almost 3 trillion dollars yearly on healthcare (Blais & Hayes, 2015). If universal healthcare were to be provided then the United States economy would be affected. That is why it is such hot and heavy economic and social issue. Most healthcare workers take oath to providing some sort of betterment two societies health overall. It is important that healthcare be delivered to everyone no matter the circumstances so that the oath can be upheld. With this in mind economics cannot be separated. Currently almost half of healthcare spending is used to just treat 5% of the population in the United States (Boudreau, 2017). In addition, healthcare costs are rising almost 2% every year (Boudreau, 2017).  All things considered, it is important to start planned out the future of healthcare and healthcare economics. Universal Health Care is definitely an option on the table that can allow the US population and its citizens to receive healthcare no matter what. A plan however needs to be in place so that economic disaster does not overwhelmed the country. Additionally to the economics of universal healthcare, the delivery of healthcare to all the newfound people is another hurdle (Blais & Hayes, 2015). Hospitals and other facilities need to be prepared to deal with the vast influx of people seeking healthcare treatment once universal healthcare is adapted. By hundreds of thousands of people gaining healthcare and them coming into the system it can bombard and potentially crippled the healthcare system. Regardless of the new influx of individuals within the system the type of health received should always be universal. No matter what economic factors might come into play the delivery of the services should never be questioned. Every patient should get the same attention, treatment and procedures no matter what is in place.

 

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