A nursing conceptual model is an abstract way of showing the way concepts interrelate which include the 4 basic nursing concepts which are; nursing, person, health, and environment (Cherry and Jacob, 2017). These concepts are defined differently by various theorist, resulting in varying theories due to the different perspectives of how these concepts relate to one another (Cherry and Jacob, 2017). It is from the conceptual model that a hypothesis is created (Cherry and Jacob, 2017) Through research and testing, a nursing theories validity is strengthened (Mock et al., 2007). According to McKenna, Pajnkihar, and Murphy, “Theory exists at different stages of development and a conceptual model is a stage of development on the way to becoming a theory” (2014, p.106). The purpose of nursing theory application is to improve nursing practice (Whitney, 2018).

Richard Lazarus’ theory of stress, coping, and adaptation addresses the psychological coping mechanisms that are due to stress (Whitney,2018). “Psychological stress is a particular relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as taxing or exceeding his or her resources and endangering his or her well-being” (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984, p. 19). Coping is defined by Lazarus and Folkman “as constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and/or internal demands that are appraised as taxing or exceeding the resources of the person” (1984, p. 179).

This theory can be used in practice with every client admitted to the hospital or any client that encounters a healthcare professional. Simply going to receive a physical can induce a stress response and elevate the blood pressure in a phenomenon known as white coat syndrome. On the other end of the spectrum there is the stress responses from illness or trauma that have effects on the body such as elevated blood glucose levels, elevated cortisol levels, heart rate, and so on. Additionally, the psychological responses clients use for coping such as becoming withdrawn, angry, needy, aggressive, passive aggressive, depressed, afraid, nervous, and so on. By being cognizant about these coping mechanisms related to the stressors the client is facing, as nurses, we can assess, identify the problem, and seek necessary resources if needed, in order to intervene so that the client can cope more effectively or so that the initial stress can be removed. For example, if a client is afraid of having to go spend the night in the hospital, and is coping by yelling out on the unit, the nurse can intervene by addressing the stressor (fear of sleeping in hospital), and by resolving the stressor, the negative coping mechanism will resolve as well.

 

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I work in Maryland and got licensed as a registered nurse with the Maryland board of nursing. “The mission of the Board of Nursing is to advance safe quality care in Maryland through licensure, certification, education, and accountability for public protection. The Board of Nursing operates under the Maryland Nurse Practice Act, Health Occupations Article, Section 8. The Board has the authority to adopt regulations as necessary to carry out provisions of the law. The Board is mandated to regulate the practice of Registered Nurses, Licensed Practical Nurses, Advanced Practice Registered Nurses, Certified Nursing Assistants, Certified Medication Technicians, Licensed Electrologists, and Licensed Direct-Entry Midwives” (“Mission Statement,” n.d.) The Maryland nurse practice act is regulated by Maryland laws and regulations can also be found on the internet by searching for the Annotated Code of Maryland(Health Occupations Article, Title 8. Nurses) and the Code of Maryland Regulations (COMAR). The relevant regulations are found under COMAR Title 10, Subtitle 27. The Board no longer offers the annually updated printed copy of the Nurse Practice Act. (“Nurse Practice Act,” n.d.).

My job description as a neuroscience nurse in an acute care setting is guided by standards of practice stipulated by the Maryland board of nursing and Maryland nurse practice act. Their aim is to ensure that I carry out my responsibility professionally in accordance with the standards and guidelines required and that I am up to date on the continuous education units required to maintain my license as a registered nurse. The ultimate goal is patient care and safety which is the essence of nursing in the first place.

 

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Outline the concept of professional accountability as it pertains to nursing. Provide examples of how a nurse demonstrates professional accountability in clinical expertise, the nursing process, and evidence-based practice.

 

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I need this AB with 3 references on Nurse mentoring nothing fancy

 

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I need a response for each discussion. response posts must be minimum 100 words. 

 

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