Buy In Of Internal And External Stakeholders Qn 1 Page By 4th July
Good grammar, no plagiarism, and follow instructions.
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Calculation Quiz
Getting Started
Pharmacy calculations are very important for prescribing, especially in regards to renal function and pediatric dosing. This assignment will focus on calculating renal function and medication doses for pediatric patients. Review the information below and then follow the subsequent instructions.
Upon successful completion of the course material, you will be able to:
- Successfully calculate dosing for renal functions
Background Information
Renal function
Renal function can be calculated different ways but the most common ways are using the Cockcroft-Gault and CKD-EPI equations (see below). If adjustments to dosing are required due to decreased renal function, it is important to know which equation should be used. This can be found in a drug reference or the package insert for a particular medication. In general, if renal cutoffs are expressed as mL/min the Cockcroft-Gault equation should be used but if renal cutoffs are expressed in mL/min/1.73m2 then the CKD-EPI equation should be used. Different equations are necessary to calculate renal function in the pediatric population.
The Cockcroft-Gault equation is as follows:
- CrCl = [(140-age) (ideal body weight)]/[(72) (SCr)] x 0.85 (if female)
- age is expressed in years
- weight is expressed in kg [ideal body weight (IBW) should be used except for obese patients, in which case adjusted body weight is typically used]
- SCr is serum creatinine expressed in mg/dL
- IBW (male) = 50kg + 2.3 kg for each inch of height over 5 feet
- IBW (female) = 45.5kg + 2.3 kg for each inch of height over 5 feet
- Adjusted body weight = IBW + [0.4 x (actual body weight – IBW)]
The CKD-EPI equation is as follows:
- eGFR = 141 x min(SCr/κ, 1)α x max(SCr /κ, 1)-1.209 x 0.993Age x 1.018 [if female] x 1.159 [if Black]
- eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) = mL/min/1.73 m2
- SCr is serum creatinine expressed in mg/dL
- κ = 0.7 (females) or 0.9 (males)
- α = -0.329 (females) or -0.411 (males)
- min = indicates the minimum of SCr/κ or 1
- max = indicates the maximum of SCr/κ or 1
- age = years
Pediatric Dosing
In general, medication dosing for pediatric patients is based on weight. This makes it particularly important to be able to calculate doses appropriately. The most basic calculation is dose (ie. mg/kg) times weight (in kg).
Example
- Cefdinir (Omnicef®) for acute otitis media is 14 mg/kg/day in 1-2 divided doses
- What would the recommended dose be for a 22 lb patient?
- First, lbs must be converted to kg.
- 22 lb x (1 kg/2.2 lb) = 10 kg
- Now, the dose can be calculated.
- 14 mg/kg x 10 kg = 140 mg
- Based on the dosing recommendation above, this could be given 2 different ways:
- 140 mg once daily
- 70 mg two times daily
For liquids or suspensions, medication doses are often given as the volume to be given to the patient. One must be aware of the available concentrations for a particular medication.
Example
- Cefdinir (Omnicef®) is available in the following concentrations:
- 125 mg/5 mL
- 250 mg/5 mL
- Using the example above, how many mL would be needed for 140 mg daily?
- [140 mg / 125 mg] x 5 mL = 5.6 mL
- [140 mg / 250 mg] x 5 mL = 2.8 mL
- Often, we have to round to the nearest 0.5 mL to make it easier to administer using an oral syringe. Rounding the first option to 5.5 mL would give the patient 137.5 mg (5.5 mL x 125 mg/ 5 mL)
Instructions
- Print out the Calculations Quiz.
- Complete each question by hand and show your work.
- Scan the completed quiz and submit via the Assignment.
This assignment is worth 50 Points
Access the Assignment submission page
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Calculating Odds Ratio
Calculating Odds Ratio
Data can be qualitative or quantitative. Qualitative data is helpful to generate a hypothesis and gather information if little is known about an expected association. Focus groups, key informant interviews, and case studies are types of qualitative data collection methods used to identify common themes from which to build a hypothesis. Quantitative data collection and analysis is used to test a hypothesis and make comparisons to determine the direction and strength of a potential association. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is cross-sectional panel survey used to collect quantitative data on adult behaviors and risk factors. It is one of the largest U.S. health data collection efforts. The data can be used to analyze associations on a state or country level. Follow the steps to obtain a 2×2 contingency table (also known as a “cross tabulation”) crossing binge drinking with depression.
1. Retrieve the “BRFSS Web-Enabled Analysis Tool” resource provided in the Topic Materials.
2. Select “Cross Tabulation.”
3. Select “2015” for the year.
4. Select “Arizona” for the state.
5. Select “Alcohol Consumption: Binge drinkers (males having five or more drinks on one occasion, females having four or more drinks on one occasion)” for Step 2 Select Row.
6. Select “Chronic Health Conditions: Ever diagnosed with a depressive disorder, including depression, major depression, dysthymia, or minor depression” for Step 3 Select Column.
7. Skip Steps 4 and 5.
8. Select “Sample Size” for Step 6 Select Statistics and run the report for the cross tabulation.
Part 1
Using the data from the cross tabulation results, calculate the odds ratio for depression among those exposed to binge drinking. Interpret the odds ratio and discuss if the odds ratio is a good estimate of the relative risk in this situation. Why or why not? Show your 2×2 table and all calculations. Present or describe the formula you used to arrive at your answer.
Part 2
Use the Topic Material, “BRFSS Web-Enabled Analysis Tool,” located on the CDC website, and run a report for two variables of interest to you. Create a 2×2 table and calculate the odds ratio for this association. Interpret the odds ratio and discuss the public health importance of the association. Show your 2×2 table. Present or describe the formula you used to arrive at your answer.
Refer to the “Creating a 2×2 Contingency Table” resource for guidance in creating 2×2 contingency tables.
General Requirements
APA style is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.
Use the “BRFSS Web Enabled Analysis Tool,” located on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website, to complete the topic assignment.
URL:
https://nccd.cdc.gov/weat/#/
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Cae Study 8
Case Study, Chapter 8, Overview of Genetics and Genomics in Nursing
1. A patient who is 38 years of age is diagnosed with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, a hereditary disease that results in fluid-filled cysts occupying space in the kidneys. The cysts can interfere with the function of the kidney and may burst and cause bleeding inside the kidney. The patient with polycystic kidney disease may or may not have a berry aneurysm of a blood vessel in the brain that could lead to bleeding and death, cysts on the ovaries, and a mitral valve prolapse (in females) that can lead to dysrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms), or diverticula (outpouching of the bowel) that are susceptible to infection and inflammation and may lead to gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient is susceptible to retaining fluid in the abdomen so the abdomen is large to constipation, and to hypertension. There is no cure for the disease. The patient receives supportive care for the various symptoms or complications the patient may have.
- When explaining to the patient and family about polycystic kidney disease, the nurse should explain what characteristics about an autosomal dominant genetic disease?
- How does variable expression of genetic characteristics play a role in the course of polycystic kidney disease and how can the nurse further predict the level of the disease?
- Identify the roles of the nurse in integrating genetics in the nursing care provided for the patient.
2. Mr. Wayne is a 38-year-old man with a significant family history of elevated cholesterol levels. His father died at age 42 from a massive heart attack secondary to elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, and two of his older siblings are currently taking medications to lower their cholesterol levels. Mr. Wayne makes an appointment to discuss his risk for hypercholesterolemia. The nurse recognizes that Mr. Wayne is at risk for familial hypercholesterolemia because this is an autosomal dominant inherited condition.
- Describe the pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance.
- Mr. Wayne asks what chance his children have of developing familial hypercholesterolemia. How should the nurse respond?
- Explain the phenomenon of penetrance observed in autosomal dominant inheritance.
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C2 19006215
In collaboration with your approved course mentor, you will identify a specific evidence-based practice proposal topic for the capstone project. Consider the clinical environment in which you are currently working or have recently worked. The capstone project topic can be a clinical practice problem, an organizational issue, a quality improvement suggestion, a leadership initiative, or an educational need appropriate to your area of interest as well as your practice immersion (practicum) setting. Examples of the integration of community health, leadership, and an EBP can be found on the “Educational and Community-Based Programs” page of the Healthy People 2020 website.
Write a 500-750 word description of your proposed capstone project topic. Make sure to include the following:
- The problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need that will be the focus of the project
- The setting or context in which the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need can be observed.
- A description providing a high level of detail regarding the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need.
- Impact of the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need on the work environment, the quality of care provided by staff, and patient outcomes.
- Significance of the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need and its implications to nursing.
- A proposed solution to the identified project topic
You are required to retrieve and assess a minimum of 8 peer-reviewed articles. Plan your time accordingly to complete this assignment.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.
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Cancer Case Study
Your written assignment for this module should be a 2-3 page paper (not including title page and reference page) that describes the following:
J.D. is a 70-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer, being treated with palliative hormones and radiation. His admitting diagnosis is adenocarcinoma of the prostate with widespread bone metastasis. J.D. is married and has one grown daughter, who often helps with his care. His chief concern is severe back pain for which the physician has ordered intrathecal morphine sulfate and aspirin 650 mg for pain relief. J.D.’s admitting CBC shows a WBC count of 500 and platelet count of 15,000.
For this case study:
- List the symptoms typically seen in patients with prostate cancer.
- Identify the risk factors for prostate cancer, including which population is most at risk.
- Identify the complications J.D. is at risk for and explain the pathophysiology causing those risks.
- List 3 nursing problems and your goals for J.D.
- List at least 3 nursing interventions for each problem.
You should include a minimum of 3 references. Include a title page, in-text citations, and a reference page in APA format.
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Cancer And Womens And Mens Health 18931159
The American Cancer Society estimates that by the end of 2012, more than 226,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer and more than 241,000 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer (American Cancer Society, 2012a; American Cancer Society 2012b). With such prevalence of women’s and men’s cancers, patient education and preventive services are essential. In clinical settings, advanced practice nurses must assist physicians in educating patients on risk factors, preventive services, and for patients diagnosed with cancer, on potential drug treatments. The clinical implications of women’s and men’s cancer greatly depend on early detection, which is primarily achieved through preventive services. In this Assignment, you consider the short-term and long-term implications of cancer and drug treatments associated with women’s and men’s health, as well as appropriate preventive services.
To prepare:
- Select a type of cancer associated with women’s or men’s health such as breast, cervical, or ovarian cancer in women and prostate cancer in men.
- Locate and review articles examining the type of cancer you selected.
- Review the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force article in the Learning Resources. Think about available preventive services that providers might recommend for patients at risk of this type of cancer.
- Select two of the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how these factors might impact decisions related to preventive services.
- Consider drug treatment options for patients diagnosed with the type of cancer you selected including short-term and long-term implications of the treatments.
Write a 2- to 3- page paper that addresses the following:
- Describe available preventive services that providers might recommend for patients at risk of the type of cancer you selected.
- Explain how the factors you selected might impact decisions related to preventive services.
- Describe drug treatment options for patients diagnosed with the type of cancer you selected. Explain the short-term and long-term implications of these treatments.
– This work should have Introduction and conclusion
– This work should have at 4 to 6 current references (Year 2012 and up)
– Use at least 2 references from class Learning Resources
The following Resources are not acceptable:
1. Wikipedia
2. Cdc.gov- nonhealthcare professionals section
3. Webmd.com
4. Mayoclinic.com
Required Readings
Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
- Chapter 33, “Prostatic Disorders and Erectile Dysfunction” (pp. 527-544)
This chapter examines the causes, pathophysiology, and drug treatment of four disorders: prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, and erectile dysfunction. It also explores the importance of monitoring patient response and patient education. - Chapter 34, “Overactive Bladder” (pp. 545-564)
This chapter describes the causes, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and evaluation of overactive bladder. It also outlines the process of initiating, administering, and managing drug treatment for this disorder. - Chapter 55, “Contraception” (pp. 959-970)
This chapter examines various methods of contraception and covers drug interactions, selecting the most appropriate agent, and monitoring patient response to contraceptions. - Chapter 56, “Menopause” (pp. 971-994)
This chapter presents various options for menopausal hormone therapy and examines the strengths and limitations of each form of therapy. - Chapter 57, “Osteoporosis” (pp. 985-994)
This chapter covers various options for treating osteoporosis. It also describes proper dosages, potential adverse reactions, and special considerations of each drug. - Chapter 58, “Vaginitis” (pp. 995-1006)
This chapter examines various causes of vaginitis and explores the diagnostic criteria and methods of treatment for the disorder.
Holloway, D. (2010). Clinical update on hormone replacement therapy. British Journal of Nursing, 19(8), 496–504
This article examines the purpose, components, and administration of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). It also presents benefits, risks, potential side effects, and alternative treatment options of HRT.
Mäkinen, J. I., & Huhtaniemi, I. (2011). Androgen replacement therapy in late-onset hypogonadism: Current concepts and controversies—A mini-review. Gerontology, 57(3), 193–202.
This article examines the role of testosterone levels in the development of hypogonadism. It also explores health issues that are impacted by testosterone levels and the role of testosterone replacement therapy.
Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/
This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2014). The Guide to Clinical Preventive Services: Section 2. Recommendations for Adults. Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/clinicians-providers/guidelines-recommendations/guide/section2.html
This website lists various preventive services available for men and women and provides information about available screenings, tests, preventive medication,
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Cancer 18951269
The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide, community-based, voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer as a major health problem. Together with its supporters, ACS is committed to helping people stay well and get well by finding cures and by fighting back.Critical Thinking Questions:
- Imagine that a family friend or colleague has just been diagnosed with cancer. Explain how the American Cancer Society might provide education and support. What ACS services would you recommend and why?
- According to statistics published by the American Cancer Society, there will be an estimated 1.5 million new cancer cases diagnosed each year over the next decade. What factors contribute to the yearly incidence and mortality rates of various cancers in Americans? What changes in policy and practice are most likely to affect these figures over time
- Select a research program from among those funded by the American Cancer Society. Describe the program and discuss what impact the research will have on the prevention or treatment of cancer.
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Can You Write My Paper In 5 Hours
Write a review of the article. The review must be based on the importance of digital literacy for nurses in the workplace.
· Properly formatted APA Title page
· Margins – 1” on all sides
· Font – Times New Roman
· Font Size – 12 point
· Font Color- Black
· Line Spacing – Double
· Proper alignment and indentation throughout
· Proper headers and page numbers throughout
· Properly formatted APA reference page
· All aspects of assigned topic are thoroughly examined (500 words minimum self-wrote not counting cited words)
· Language is appropriate with few grammatical errors and no informal English
· High quality sources are cited in APA style as appropriate
· PLAGIARISM FREE
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Can Someone Write A 4 Page Literature Review For My Health Class
This is the assignment directions:
The Literature Review provides the background and context for the research problem and illustrates to the reader that the researcher is knowledgeable about the study. This section shares with the reader the results of others studies that closely related to the study being reported. It also related a study to the larger, ongoing dialogue in the literature about a topic, filling in gaps and extending prior studies. Summarize previous studies related to a topic them in a succinct manner. In a proposal, the literature review is generally brief and to the point.
Review various articles and dissertations, as they may help one to understand how to write and summarize previous research. When writing the literature review, it is wise to separate the various studies one finds into different categories. Under these categories, create “Level 2 subheadings” in APA style. These subheadings are formatted just like Level 1 headings, but they are aligned left. See the subheadings below for an example.
1stSubheading
Choose one evident theme or topic that became apparent when researching your study. Briefly share the results of the various studies, including the most pertinent information such as the studies’ hypotheses, population, methodology, and results.Relate the study to an ongoing dialogue of the literature pertaining to the research topic. This means that each study one lists should relate to new, proposed study in some way. Report the studies sequentially if possible, building upon the findings of prior studies. Remember to separate each category of studies with a new subheading. Do this as many times as needed. another evident theme or topic that became apparent when researching your study.
The topic I have written Is: Yoga and Decreased Levels of Depression in the Elder Population.
You will need to find 8-10 articles relevant to this topic and write in the literature review about it. Again It has to be 4 pages long. And all articles must be cited in APA format
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