Assignment: Annotated Bibliography

Submit: Annotated Bibliography

This week culminates in your submission of an annotated bibliography that should consist of an introduction, followed by two quantitative article annotations, two qualitative article annotations, and two mixed methods article annotations for a total of six annotations, followed by a conclusion.

An annotated bibliography is a document containing selected sources accompanied by a respective annotation. Each annotation consists of a summary, analysis, and application for the purpose of conveying the relevance and value of the selected source. As such, annotations demonstrate a writer’s critical thinking about and authority on the topic represented in the sources.

In preparation for your own future research, an annotated bibliography provides a background for understanding a portion of the existing literature on a particular topic. It is also a useful precursor for gathering sources in preparation for writing a subsequent literature review.

Please review the assignment instructions below and click on the underlined words for information about how to craft each component of an annotation.

• Use the Walden library databases or a credible source to search for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research articles from peer-reviewed journals on your topic of interest.
• Before you read the full article and begin your annotation, locate the methodology section in the article to be sure that it describes the appropriate research design.

1. For quantitative research articles, confirm that a quantitative research design, such as a quasi-experimental, casual comparative, correlational, pretest–posttest, or true experimental, was used in the study.
2. For qualitative research articles, confirm that a qualitative research design or approach, such as narrative, ethnographic, grounded theory, case study, or phenomenology, was used in the study.
3. For mixed methods research articles, confirm that a mixed methods research (MMR) design was used in the study. There are several design classifications in MMR; some examples of MMR types or families of design are parallel, concurrent, sequential, multilevel, or fully integrated mixed methods design.

• Prepare an annotated bibliography that includes the following:

1. A one-paragraph introduction that provides context for why you selected the six research articles you did: two quantitative, two qualitative, and two MMR.
2. A reference list entry in APA Style for each of the six articles that follows proper formatting. Follow each reference list entry with a three-paragraph annotation that  includes:
3. An application as illustrated in this example
4. An analysis
5. A summary
6. A one-paragraph conclusion that presents a synthesis of the six articles.
7. Format your annotated bibliography in Times New Roman, 12-point font, double-spaced. A separate References list page is not needed for this assignment.

 

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Annotated Bibliography

Extra Credit Assignment Worth: 10 points

This is a 2-part assignment due Monday, December 16th, at 11:59pm. To receive full credit, students are to do the following:

Select 1 scholarly practice-based articles related to nursing theory and dated within the past 5 years, 2014 until current. Do not select a non-practice based article. Then analyze the article, be sure to address the following for the selected article: 

PART 1:  

Summarize purpose of the article/research study                          

Description of theoretical concepts identified in article                   

Description of how are concepts measured in article                    

Describe implications of findings in support of the theory             

PART 2: Complete only after addressing the above Part 1

Write a 1 paragraph description (minimum 300 words) analyzing how the selected theory can be used in advanced nursing practice. Be specific, including what outcomes (for patient as well as the nurse practitioner) you might expect. 

 

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Select a transition of care (hospital, specialty care, rehabilitation, nursing home, homebound, etc.).

Use the Library and other reputable academic resources to locate 5­ scholarly resources on nurse leadership during this transition of care. Identify what constitutes effectiveness (i.e., cost, care management, best/effective providers, best setting, sustaining outcomes) for this transition of care within each setting. What evidence supports this transition of care or transition of care intervention?

 

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Mr. JD is a 24-year-old who presents to Urgent Care with a 2-week history of cough and congestion. He says it started out as a “normal cold” and it will not go away. He has a productive cough for green mucous and has green nasal discharge. He says he has had a low-grade temperature for the past 2 days. John reports an intermittent frontal headache with this cold. He is otherwise healthy, with no known allergies. 
In his assessment it is found that his vital signs are stable, temperature is 99.9 degrees F, tympanic membranes (TMs) are clear bilaterally, pharynx is erythematous with no exudate; there is greenish postnasal drainage; turbinates are swollen and red; frontal sinus tenderness; no cervical adenopathy, and lungs are clear bilaterally.

• Is there any additional subjective or objective information you need for this client? Explain.

In addition to what we have been told there are several things that may be identified. On first glance it would be important to assess the patients skin color, assess if they were sweating or were cold. It would be necessary to ask about allergies and see if he has been exposed to any possible allergens or irritants. It would need to be determined if this was the first time this has happened or has been a common occurrence. Assessing any recent traumatic injuries, headaches, or nose bleeds may help the clinician determine the root cause of the problem. Family history, patients past medical history, social history, and any current medications is a definite must. His vitals are stable besides the climb in temperature, so you could ask how he was sleeping and if he was getting enough fluid intake.

• Would you treat Mr. JDs cold? Why or why not?

I would definitely treat JD’s symptoms. He has been down and out for two weeks and his condition is not getting any better. His temperature is increasing, and he is symptomatic with tender mucous membranes, post nasal drip, and erythema. These are signs of an infection that should be treated. Not only is he at risk for getting worse but he could potentially expose others to his current illness.  Clinical diagnosis of acute bacterial sinusitis requires prolonged, nonspecific upper respiratory signs such as rhinosinusitis and cough without improvement for more than 10 days, and symptoms such as fever, facial swelling, or facial pain (Woo & Robinson, 2016).

What would you prescribe and for how many days? Include the class of the medication, mechanism of action, route, the half-life; how it is metabolized in and eliminated from the body; and contraindications and black box warnings.

Many times, antibiotics are prescribed too quickly and often times will not be effective if it is a viral infection. Based on the assessment findings and the little we know about the patient; the patient could have possible sinusitis. The first-line treatment for sinusitis in adults is amoxicillin/clavulanate (875 mg amoxicillin/125 mg clavulanate) for 5 to 7 days (Woo & Robinson, 2016). This medication has a half-life of 1-1.3 hours, is metabolized by the liver and eliminated in the urine. It usually takes 30 minutes to be effective and peaks in 1-2 hours. This medication is an oral antibacterial combination that consist of the semisynthetic antibiotic amoxicillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor (FDA, n.d.). This bactericidal hinders bacterial growth by inhibiting the biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide (Woo & Robinson, 2016). For JD, it would be necessary to check a comprehensive metabolic panel to assess liver and kidney function. There is not a black box warning and usually does not have any side effects other than a possible rash. It is usually safe during pregnancy however before prescribing it would be necessary to assess allergies and inform the patient about potential side effects like a rash.  

Would this treatment vary if Mr. JD was a 10 year-old 78 lb child? Include the class of the medication, mechanism of action, dosing, route, the half-life; how it is metabolized in and eliminated from the body; and contraindications and black box warnings

Amoxicillin is first-line therapy for sinusitis in children (Woo & Robinson, 2016). If the child has not recently been on antibiotics, they should be on a dose of 25-50mg/kg/d in divided doses. This bactericidal medication is an aminopenicillin that is taken orally, has a half-life of 1.3hrs, is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine, and works by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall mucopeptide (Woo & Robinson, 2016). As stated before, it does not have any black box warnings and patients kidney and liver functioning is a concern before use.

What health maintenance or preventive education is important for this client based on your choice medication/treatment?

I would instruct this patient to take the medication until it is gone; not stop it early. In addition, if they failure to respond within 3 to 5 days he should prompt notify his PCP and a change in therapy should be considered (Woo & Robinson, 2016). I would instruct the patient to get plenty of sleep, increase fluid intake, and take a probiotic once they are done with their regimen. Antibiotics have been known to kill of not only the bad bacteria in the gut but the good as well. Preventing side effects like diarrhea should be taken prophylactically.  They should be taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after meals (Woo & Robinson, 2016). For additional resources, I would tell the patient the pharmacist is a great tool for resource if they had questions when they picked up the medication but to always call the PCP for further questioning.

 References:

 

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