Need an argumentative essay on Probation, Parole, and Intermediate Sanctions. Needs to be 2 pages. Please no plagiarism.

Finally, the paper will close with a review on the ethical issues that surrounds the correction processes, approaches and facilities.

Crime and community safety have been the most disturbing issues across the entire world since time immemorial. Criminal activities carried within communities have caused unrest and state of confusion as most people fear for the safety of their lives and property. It is due to adverse effects of crimes on communities that legal professionals and security personnel came up with strategies of arresting, examining, rehabilitating and incarcerating individual criminals to restore peace, sanity and confidence in particular communities. Historically, criminal activities were assumed to be caused by evil spirits and therefore, individual criminals were taken to the public for severe punishment as deterrence to other potential activities. Revolution took place in history of crime justice and community safety and gave rise to alternative models of discouraging and ending criminal activities. Among the notable revolutionized ways of handling criminal activities include parole, probation and intermediate sanctions. Schmalleger (2012) avers that the three methods of handling crime justice and community safety have been experiencing pendulum effects due back and forth review and exercise.

Patersilia (1998) asserts that probation and parole have been misunderstood as the only approaches to ensuring community safety and criminal justice. Despite the similarities in the application of parole and probation modes of enforcing criminal justice, the difference occurs in the manner in which each is ignited and set to work. Probation according to Patersilia (1998) is an execution process involving the sentencing of criminal offenders to serve in the community projects as opposed to incarceration. Parole involves release of an offender from

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Need an argumentative essay on Probation. Needs to be 5 pages. Please no plagiarism.

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It further indicates that probation can be prearranged by way of suspended sentence or a conditional discharge. Probation can include disposition such as intermittent sentence, fine, imprisonment for term not more than two years and conditional sentence. A probation order comes in on the day it is made and if it is to follow incarceration, it is made on the finishing term of the prisons. Probation order comes into effect at the conditional sentence expiration. Probation orders cannot be made to run consecutive to another order. Again, it cannot remain in force for more than three years and can only end on the expiry date unless there is termination or revocation of the order by the court. According to Mcscs.jus.gov (2011), breach of probation by the offenders without logical excuse, is termed as an indictable offence and can fetch a maximum penalty of not more than two years and also the offence is punishable on conviction summary and jail penalty not exceeding 18 month or a fine not exceeding 2,000 dollars. The suspension of the sentence permits an appositive action to be taken may be either the execution of the sentence of suspension or imposition of the sentence of the suspension. …

violation of probation, the judge usually suspends sentence imposition and the judge looks for additional material of information on which to base a decision regarding the imposed sentence. There are conditions of probation which are laid where a probation officer has authority to supervise a person who has been put on probation with a reporting condition. Mcscs.jus.gov (2011) states that form of reporting and frequency are outlined by the court. Where the condition is phrased as “report as directed” and a reporting schedule is outlined, the probation officer completes a comprehensive assessment to determine frequency and intervention of reporting based on the offender’s analysis risk to re-offend and need in areas linked with conduct of the criminal. Hough (2006) states that probation is explicitly people-focused compared to other mixed value system at officer level in the prison services. People-focused values often coincide with those liberal values towards enforcement, punishment and the number of times that an offender should be given when their lives are in chaos. In probation services, the government’s assumption is that the senior management has more control and that they have what is needed to secure judicial and public confidence. Although there have been problems in the early and mid 1990s with the primacy given to probation staff to the expense of control and with failure to enforce the conditions of probation orders with acceptable rigors. national association of the police organization (NAPO) has dealt with these cases pretty decisively. Since then, energy for probation enforcement has improved continuously and the role of probation in the community for delivering punishment is now an accepted fact.

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Need an argumentative essay on Private Detectives and the Present Legal System. Needs to be 3 pages. Please no plagiarism.

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Sam Spade and Sherlock Holmes, the main detective characters in The Maltese Falcon and A Study in Scarlet respectively, are strangers in the formal legal system, but proved to be successful in solving the puzzles behind mysterious cases that they were assigned. Aside from their status as private citizens acting as detectives, their keen eyes for details and a healthy dose of skepticism proved to be a perfect mix in their ability to solve cases.

Sam Spade, a detective who is known for his scornful derision and passion for his work, had solved a mystery case regarding the death of his comrade, Archer and an initial target of their mission, an Englishman named Thursby. Thursby’s and Archer’s deaths remained a mystery even for Spade himself because he did not fully know Miss Wonderly, the woman who hired his and Archer’s services using a faked story. At the course of the novel, the mystery was revealed when Wonderly, whose real name is Brigid O’Shaughnessy, killed Thursby herself. Initially, Spade was suspected as the culprit of Thursby’s death according to law enforcers. He calmly denied, but not vehemently, and continued to engage in undercover activities himself in order to solve the puzzle. It is in this case that being an outside agent from the formal legal system can assure a success in solving crimes because one no longer has to go through a strict organizational policies and protocols. Spade did some meet-ups with the people involved in the crime, and monetary amounts are not always questioned in terms of its moral value and appropriateness under the laws in a legal system (Hammett).

Sherlock Holmes also proves to be successful in his job being a consulting detective.

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Need an argumentative essay on Private and public school. Needs to be 2 pages. Please no plagiarism.

It is much less costly to learn in a public school which is offered free by the government than a private school. Of course, with private schools dependent on tuition, private grants and donations to finance their operations, they would have to be costly. IES gives an estimate of the average tuition fees for US private day schools at $12,000, $13,000 and $15,000 for grades 1 to 3, 6 to 8 and 9 to 12 respectively. In most cases, these figures exclude the cost of books and other school supplies. It therefore makes economic sense to enroll into a public school.

Generally, students in public schools receive the most current curricula, thus gain appropriate skills to survive in the modern world. As noted by Strauss, public school teachers would be more likely to have certification and undergo continuous training in their respective areas of studies. This keeps them up-to-date on research-based instructional standards and also on resources supported by relevant professional entities. On the other hand, private school teachers would be rarely impelled to undertake such trainings. Despite much criticism, it would be appreciated that current instructional practices and teacher certification play a critical role in the performance of students in public schools.

However, critics of public schools argue that private schools perform better academically than public schools. As noted by Strauss, a majority of private schools are operated in a closed door fashion. This has been noted to boost their performance. Additionally, proprietors of such schools do all within their means to make sure their students pass so as to be competitive in their business. Teachers spend more time with the students than would be the case in public schools. They even develop customized assessment systems for their students to better understand their learning styles and help them succeed academically. Nonetheless, credible studies that statistically adjust these

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