Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic M8A1 Corporate Social. M8A1- Corporate social responsibility Trends in corporate social responsibility (CSR) Introduction There is enough evidence that CSR is a significant contributing factor to the success of business organizations across the world (Mullerat, 2010). Globally, multinational companies are developing corporate sustainability programs that conserve the ecological environment and improve the welfare of the communities (May, Cheney & Roper, 2007). Companies are incorporating social sustainability in the budgeting and strategic planning processes such as acquiring new facilities, or buildings in order to promote the social impact of the company activities (Asongu, 2007).

One of the current trends in CSR is the emergency of green manufacturing through energy efficient technologies and reduction of raw material wastage in the manufacturing process (Mullerat, 2010). Corporations have undertaken measures to re-engineer the operations in order to make them more eco-friendly and sustainable. May, Cheney & Roper (2007) asserts that a majority of the multinational companies use recyclable packaging, renewable energy sources and have minimized pollution levels occasioned by their operations. In addition, many corporations have contributed heavily to social causes such as disease prevention, education and sanitation in order to ensure positive social impact in the communities. (Amao, 2011). The corporations have encouraged employees to volunteer in social causes of their choice.

Another common trend that is evident is the increase in CRS reporting and engagement. Many companies have created CSR departments that are supposed to collect data and prepare annual CSR reports and the impact on the company activities on the social environment (Amao, 2011). CSR has been integrated in the non-financial reporting in order to create awareness that the business is a responsible company that caters for the needs of all stakeholders. Many companies have implemented the ISO 14000 environmental management standard and Global Pact standards that aim at ensuring social sustainability (Asongu, 2007).

There is increasing use of the social media in CSR activities of the companies. Many businesses have formed online blogs and discussion forums that are used to understand the ideas and suggestions of the stakeholders (Mullerat, 2010). The thirsty for information and environmental activism has forced companies to report their CSR activities through the social media in order to maintain the regular engagement with the stakeholders (May, Cheney & Roper, 2007).

However, it is worthy noting that the government has increased its oversight and regulatory role in order to ensure companies meet their social obligations (Mullerat, 2010). For instance, tax evasion scandals like the Enron scandal and environmental scandals like BP disaster has forced the government to issue more regulation in order to conserve the environment and secure the interests of the stakeholders (Amao, 2011). In addition, the corporations have been forced to adhere with numerous covenants on climate change like the Kyoto protocol that seeks to reduce the amount of carbon emissions in order to combat climate change.

Conclusion

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has witnessed several new trends such as the increase in CSR reporting, green manufacturing initiatives, use of social media in disseminating information and increased government intervention. Many companies have enacted sustainability programs in their strategic planning and implemented measures to enhance eco-friendly operations. Recycling and stakeholder engagement are several initiatives that have been undertaken by corporations in order to enhance the social impact. Philanthropy towards social causes and employee volunteerism are other notable trends in CSR.

References:

Amao, O. (2011). Corporate social responsibility, human rights and the law: multinational corporations in developing countries. London: Taylor & Francis.

Asongu, J.J. (2007). Strategic corporate social responsibility in practice. New York: Greenview Publishing.

May, S., Cheney, G & Roper, J. (2007). The debate over corporate social responsibility. New York: Oxford University Press.

Mullerat, R. (2010). International corporate social responsibility: the role of corporations in the economic order of the 21st century. New York: Kluwer Law International.

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic The Parole Board. Victim Impact Statement would be better than the parole because it gives the opportunity for the victim and family to participate in the criminal justice process. This is the reason the victim impact statements refers to printed or verbal information concerning the results of a transgression on the casualty and relatives. These statements are popular greatly appreciated because they give the court an opportunity to continually focus its attention on the individual life cost of the crime.

The court has the power to ensure that the statement is unlimited afar from the straight casualty to murder survivors, the parents, or guardians of a lesser victim. In addition, it is better than the parole because statements are allowed at the sentencing hearing. During reporting, the victim impact statements are to be incorporated in the pre-sentence report. Although the statements should be either written or oral, there is room for videotape, audiotape, or any other electronic device. This gives great opportunities for the victim to provide information to the court.

The board confirms the rehabilitative progress and guarantees the offender freedom if they have passed all the tests.

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic The Effects of Immigration within the American Society. The of immigration has been well addressed and researched over the years. There are a number of effects that have been long noted on the American society as a result of immigration process. Effects of immigration such as increased diversity within America, consumption of resources and lesser outlets being provided to immigrants are all having an intense impact on the American society. At one point, one may consider that immigrants are being an onus on the American population but on the other hand, it is expected that they can provide a lot of profit to the country since they are active economic players (Romero). This paper aims to discuss numerous effects of immigration that can be observed within the American society.

Many critics claim that immigrants’ policies must be strict because the government is not able to provide safeguard of the rights of its citizens currently.&nbsp.&nbsp.

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic Social Entrepreneurship in the UK. UK social enterprises have played a significant role in creating employment for more than 800,000 people. However, the expansion of social enterprises is hindered by financial problems. For example, 2011 report by the Social Enterprise UK (SEUK) indicates that the public sector, the major beneficiaries of the social enterprises only contributes 19 per cent to the total revenue of the social enterprises (Andrew, 2012). Even though large banks such as Barclays, HSBC, RBS and Lloyds have significantly financed the social enterprises, the impact of middle financial institutions has not been experienced making the social enterprises to result to crowdfunding as the major source of revenue (Othmar, 2012).&nbsp.

Entrepreneurs are now focused at other sources of funds including leasing companies that provide office equipments especially when there is stability in the cash flows (Weerawardena and Mort, 2006). In the same way, government agencies have also been involved to provide subsidies, credits and grants. These are significant especially for the projects that can be managed sustainably. For the small entrepreneurial initiatives, bootstrapping has been the major source of income.

The additional sources of revenue for instance crowdfunding can work especially based on the increased use of social sites such as facebook and twitter. Since the public, banks and the government are aimed at creating a strong linkage, Ridley-Duff (2009) argues that the solutions to financial issues that social enterprises are facing will be effective.

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic Realism and liberalism. Realism and liberalism Realism is a perspective whose domination is mostly by cynics, perhaps exemplified best in the tenants of pragmatism and morality. Realists place states in a position of having to observe the action of neighbors closely to effectively trying to resolve problems without regard to the moral concerns. Realists believe that the creep of morality into the international relations handicaps in a way that they fail to cope with the new conditions. Realisms, believing it does in the political laws must also believe in the possibility of creating rational theory that helps in reflecting objective laws. They also believe in the possibility of distinguishing opinion and truth in politics- between what is considered true rationally and objectively, and supported by evidence that is illuminated by concrete reason.

The theory of realism is within the international relations that predict states will act in their interest in defiance of any moral consideration. This belief originates from human nature observation, and the selfish and a fiercely competitive perception of the people. Realism tends to regard the international arena as anarchic, which is governed by no authority overriding any sovereign states. According to realists, the primary interest of any state is its survival and towards that goal, it competes for the resources available.

Liberalisms optimistic view of international politics is based on three core beliefs common to all paradigm theories. They consider states as the main actors in international politics, they also believe that states characteristics do vary, and these have great effects on the behaviors of the states. In addition, they believe that some internal arrangements are preferable to others. For liberals, there are bad and good states.

The liberals treat states as the major actors in the global politics. Good states are believed to pursue policies of cooperation and hardly ever start wars, whereas states regarded as “bad” initiate conflicts with other states and were willing to use force to get their way. In contrast to liberals, Realists are pessimistic when it comes to global politics. They agree that it would be desirable to create a peaceful world, but they see no easy alternative of escaping the harsh reality world of security competition and war between countries. To them, creating a peaceful world is a good idea but not practical (Gismondi).

Work cited

Gismondi, Md. “Ethics, Liberalism and Realism in International Relations.” Political Science (2007): n. pag.

 

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