Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Tackling Football Hooliganism: A Quantitative Study of Public Order, Policing and Crowd Psychology.

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Tackling Football Hooliganism: A Quantitative Study of Public Order, Policing and Crowd Psychology

Despite its widespread acceptance the concept of football hooliganism is considered by some researchers as largely a mass media construction. It is problematic as a scientific and technical construct primarily because it is used to describe such a vast array of different forms of activity, ranging from individual drunkenness to spontaneous rioting involving hundreds of supporters.

Patriotism and nationalism are the major reasons behind football hooliganism. When two teams from different countries or different clubs fight each other in the stadium, players cultivate the spirit of nationalism and pride into the veins of the spectators. Instead of treating the match as a sports activity, some partisan crowd may take it as a real fight between two nations or clubs. The actions, gestures, body languages of the players generate too much spirit in the minds of the spectators. Football players after scoring goals show some symbols of victory or triumph towards the crowd nowadays. These gestures and body languages often lift the spirit of the spectators. Instead of treating a football match as a sport, spectators may treat it as a war. Such spirits force them to fight against the supporters of the opposite nation or club in the pavilion.

Hooligans were believed to play vital roles in distraction, protection and reputation for many non-hooligan fans and even when fans did express disapproval of ‘hooligan’ activity, this was often for practical rather than moral reasons. Furthermore, fans who express positive attitudes to hooliganism – or ‘hooligans’ – have to be acknowledged and understood if the problem of football crowd disorder is to be controlled. (Rookwood &amp. Pearson, 2012, p.149). In certain cases, hooligans may force even non-hooligan fans to engage in violent activities. It should be noted that the harassment, joking and bullying by the opposite fans may cross all the limits in certain occasions so that even non-hooligans may fight with the hooligans. The thirst for domination is inherited in all human beings. However, social orders and customs prevent them from showing this dominance publicly. While watching football matches, these inherited traits may often come out in the form of violence. According to Scott et al (2008), “the Elaborated Social Identity Model of crowd behaviour (ESIM) proposes that crowd members’ social identity is embedded within intergroup relations that are defined in terms of legitimacy and power”(Stott et al., 2008, p.119). Imagine a football match between Germany and UK. It is widely accepted that Germany’s superiority complex resulted in two world wars. In other words, Germans do believe that their race is superior to all other races and it is their right to rule the world. On the other hand, Britain was the ruler of the world once.

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Unethical practices and behavior in accounting.

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Unethical practices and behavior in accounting

Diversified forces, from professions’ external environments, regulate professional practices. In this paper, analyze Beth’s article, ‘Eight years after fact is SOX working? A look at the Brook corporation’, with the aim of identifying situations that may lead to unethical practices and behavior and review effects of Sarbanes-Oxley Act on financial statements. Situations that might lead to unethical practices and behavior in accounting People’s practices and behavior are largely influenced by their environments that can either encourage good practices and behavior or can allow for, and even promote immoral acts among accountants. Opportunities are one of the set of situations that might lead to unethical practices and behavior. Ethics are moral rules and therefore restrain people into conformance to expected practices. It relies on both the level at which such people can be influenced or coerced to acculturate such standards and the effectiveness in preventing possibilities of unethical practices. Availability of opportunities for unethical practice however challenges these factors because of the involved social aspects of ethics. An individual, based on the possible gain from a practice, may for example choose to utilize an opportunity into unethical practice or behavior for such gains. Opportunities also offer temptation into unethical practices and behavior and may influence an individual to behave unethically against an individual’s intentions (Beth, 2010).

Bad ethical examples set by others forms another situation that is likely to lead to unethical practice or behavior in the accounting profession and is majorly influenced by the role and impacts of leadership concepts. …

Environment plays a significant role in influencing a person’s behavior and an environment where unethical practices exist will influence a person into such practices. This influence is particularly effective when senior people in an organization do the undesirable behaviors and practices. While junior employees may not have the authority to stop the practices, frustrations that their seniors are benefiting at their expense are likely to influence them into unethical practices. Bad example set by senior people in an organization also spread to lower levels of the organization’s structure because such leaders lose their moral power and the conscience to condemn unethical practices. Persistent misrepresentation of financial information by an organization’s chief accountant for example sets a bad example to junior accounts officers who may emulate their senior’s behavior (Beth, 2010). Lack of incentives is another situation that may lead to unethical practices and behavior in accounting. This applies from two perspectives, lack of incentives to facilitate ethical practice, and lack of general employee incentives towards utility and commitment to a workplace. There are avenues to acculturating ethics among people such as training them on the need for ethical practice, creating awareness on possible consequences of unethical practice, and establishing a culture that values ethics. Lack of these factors in an organization may facilitate unethical acts because people will lack knowledge on significance of ethics.

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Troop withdrawal from Iraq.

Theories must be substantiated. Claims must be empirically verified. Outcomes must be predicted according to the available evidence. The influence of this latter tendency on modern society has long since left the lofty realm of academia and entered into the popular imagination. Everything is knowable, most especially in matters of a political nature. In this same popular imagination, politicians and leaders are expected to make informed and rational decisions prior to taking action. If those actions lead to disastrous results (of any kind: social, political, economical etc.) they are often investigated as to the poor decisions which brought them about. Hardly ever would a politician attribute his/her failure to “chance” or “randomness.” This would appear weak and indecisive. This general area of discussion finds a most appropriate expression in the case of America’s invasion and ongoing occupation of Iraq. As students we are as interested, frustrated, and connected to the war in Iraq as anyone else. Since Barack Obama was elected president, the question of an American withdrawal from Iraq has become a pressing and even urgent one for many of those voters who put him into office. The ultimate decision will neither be easy nor simple. A time table is a tricky thing to set for troop withdrawal from Iraq, because of unforeseen and external forces.

In his renowned scholarly article entitled “The Unanticipated Consequences of Purposive Social Action”, the sociologist Robert Merton seeks to demonstrate that a given social or political decision and ensuing action by an elected leader can often end in not only a failure to yield the desired outcome but can also result in an outcome which is antithetical the original goal(s). Merton contextualizes this claim as one which has been expressed by various thinkers in a wide array of disciplines throughout history.

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Treating depression; pills or talk therapy- or both.

They have the feeling of being rejected and they start acting as if they are an outcast.

It is a completely complex disease that occurs due to various reasons. Some of which are known and others are unknown. Some people experience depression as a sub effect of serious medical illness, while others experience depression as effect of life changes such as move or death of a loved one. Depression can also be hereditary to some extend especially when the family is having a history of depression. Various factors have contributed to the increased chances of depression, but the following are the most common causes: abuse – physical trauma, sexual, or emotional breakdown can cause depression. Certain medication – some drugs such the ARVs, the cancer drugs can increase individuals risk of depression. Death or loss ­- grief from loss of a loved one, even though the process in natural the emotional breakdown involved can be a greater cause of depression. Conflict – disputes and conflicts with family members can cause someone to be depressed. Substance abuse – studies indicate that approximately 30% of people having substance abuse problem suffers depression.

The most common symptom of depression nowadays is the feeling of hopelessness has discussed before. The feeling that you may never get help when you need it most, or the feeling that you have been occupied in a certain mental state. Major depression can be very harmful to your life especially when you fail to get help completely. It can also be incapacitating, or even a very dangerous disorder, which at its worst can lead to suicide.

Major depression often do get better on their own, but it can take a long period mostly six months or a year, and to some extend some symptoms can take as long as months or even years (Myers, 2011). It can be dealt with through treatment or therapy talk also known as Psychotherapy for depression. Adequate treatment of depression always shorten the time of

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Tourism and employment.

The competition involved shows growth in the tourism sector. There is a need to meet the requirements of the ever growing tourism sector through innovations and upgrade of tourism products. There is also an increase in the number of hotels. This calls for more employment to cater for manpower, so many people are employed as caterers. Tourism has provided 10% of global employment as stated by the International Labour Organisation. Tourism as a service industry will require high workforce (Gheorghilaş and Dincă 90).

Gender: Tourism has created many opportunities for women usually in the hotel and accommodation sector. In this sector, 60% are women employees (Gheorghilaş and Dincă 92). Many women are employed on a full time basis while a few are part timers in many countries.

Age: Generally, the tourism accommodation sector offers jobs to young people. 40% of all tourism employees are young people mainly below the age of 35 years. This is due to their productivity in this sector. Many countries prefer young people, as opposed to old people, for their energetic nature, high rate of social networking and an advertisement strategy to win many customers.

Qualifications: The level of education will determine the number of opportunities an individual can get in the tourism sector. Tourism accommodation has a high number of employees with a lower level of education while employees in management, human resource, and accounting in tourism normally hold university degrees. Therefore, tourism can accommodate a high number of employees who are not highly learned but have basic skills.

Job status: Tourism offers both temporal and permanent jobs. Full time jobs depend on the duration of work. Usually tourism offers part time jobs and temporary jobs depending on the tourist turnover. Temporal jobs include tour guides and accommodation staff.

Time of the year: Seasonal outcome factors the number of employees to be employed, so a high tourist turnover will result in a

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