Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Behaviorist, Humanistic, and Psychodynamic Perspectives of Psychology.

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This essay explores three early perspectives of psychology: Behaviorism, Psychodynamic, and Humanism. They will be described and compared to one another using their claims regarding human nature and personality, as well as what psychology should study as a scientific discpline. The psychodynamic perspective of psychology asserts that human behavior is significantly a product of the unconscious. The psychological processes inside a person define and drive human conduct (Coon &amp. Mitterer, 2010, p.27). Psychodynamic theories developed from Sigmund Freud’s work on the unconscious and mental processes (Weiten, Dunn, &amp. Hammer, 2012, p.35). Freud argued that the unconscious is a reservoir of primitive aggressive and sexual drives, and that these drives shape human behavior (Nevid, 2009, p.9). He also believed that childhood experiences determine human personality throughout their adulthood (Nevid, 2009, p.9). He stressed that abnormal behaviors come from childhood conflicts that were not properly resolved (Nevid, 2009, p.9). He discussed defense mechanisms that people use to deal with anxiety and guilt (Weiten et al., 2012, p.38). An example is rationalization, where people provide false but possible excuses to explain inappropriate behavior. Many of Freud’s concepts and processes are still applied today through modern psychoanalytic therapies (Weiten, 2011, p.6). Dream analysis and talk therapy are mainstays in clinical settings. Many psychologists continue to analyze their clients’ dreams, in order to unearth their underlying causes of anxiety. The idea of the unconscious also helps explains numerous behaviors, such as phobias and problematic behaviors. Furthermore, defense mechanisms help people and psychologists understand the many healthy and unhealthy ways that people do to avoid knowing the causes of their problems (Weiten, 2011, p.6). They signify that unresolved conflicts have to be exposed and discussed in the open, so that proper resolutions are determined and applied (Weiten, 2011, p.6). Behaviorism asserts that scientific psychology should study only those behaviors that can be observed. John Watson proposed that the study of the unconscious should be discarded, because people cannot observe the states of the human mind (Weiten, 2011, p.7). B.F. Skinner supported Watson, where he stressed that if a dog eats food after seeing it, observable behavior says that he is hungry. Psychologists need not be concerned then of the underlying unconscious causes of this feeling of hunger. Skinner provided a simple explanation for behavior. He said that organisms repeat behaviors that produce positive outcomes and do not repeat behaviors that result in negative effects (Weiten, 2011, p.8). By working with rats and pigeons, for instance, he showed that he can influence behavior through conditioning responses (Weiten, 2011, p.8). Behaviorism is now combined with other perspectives to change deviant behaviors and to promote positive actions. Some cognitive-behavioral therapies, for instance, use reinforcement strategies to promote positive behaviors and to remove negative ones, such as drug addiction and alcoholism. An example is linking illegal drugs to negative emotions, so that addicts will stop feeling that taking drugs is a pleasurable experience.

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Assume that Canadian Tire is opening up a store in Ghana.

It was dominated by two colonial powers, which are France and Great Britain. In time, Britain was able to dominate both the political and cultural forces in Canada. Two significant communities are distinguished by language, culture, religion and politics and they live separately from each other since they have divergent views on the history of Canada as a nation.

In comparison to Ghana, Canada has two distinctive characteristics of everyday consumptions. Canadians are big eaters where meat tends to be the dominating portion of each meal. They have three regular meals in a day where breakfast is the largest and most important meal of the rural people. Canadians take lunch at midday, and the urban people take a snack but it remains an important meal to the rural people. Dinner is the final formal meal of the day, which is taken by residential group as a whole, and it can be extended to nonfamily members. Ghana’s main diet is made up of starchy staples accompanied with soup or stew. Forest crops such as cassava and tropical yams are mostly consumed in the south (Kaminski, 2012). Corn and rice are most important among the Ga community though their main food is fufu combined with cassava. Soup ingredients in many communities include common vegetables accompanied by animal proteins, especially fish. In addition, palm nuts and peanut crops are the favorite among different communities in Ghana. Indigenous foods are eaten at all social functions even by the western people. It is rare to find restaurants outside urban business districts though most local bars offer various foods to workers and bachelors.

Ghana’s economy mostly depends on primary products such as cocoa, gold and timber. International trade contributes to one-third of the GDP while 70 % of export income comes from the latter three major commodities. The domestic economy is mainly involved with primary agriculture

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Area studies India.

He was more than a mere political figure head. he was an ideological mind and individual. He did not focus his policies and doctrines on one single facet. rather he confronted the obstacles on multiple grounds which included the humane aspect. He advocated the general rights of mankind regardless of their tribe, color, race, religion and other associated ethnic affiliations. Mahatma Gandhi was the man behind the establishment of the Hindus representative party Congress. Mahatma Gandhi went on to become the founder father of India.

He was also known as Bapu and he has been honored as the founder of the nation in the modern times of India (Woolever, p 15). His struggle stretches to the early days of the 20th century where he fought against the British rule on multiple grounds. His civil disobedience movement was one other world famous move and movement based on which he engaged the masses against the British ruling junta and asked for the clearly defined rights of the people of India. Mahatma Gandhi, unlike the other Muslim leaders demanded and desired a unified India on the exit of Great Britain. He along with his contemporaries from the era and time of pre partition called the action and demand of Muslims as an unjust. Owing to his contributions 2nd October is marked as the Gandhi Day in India.

Subash Chandra Bose is another central figure who contributed largely to the political cause of Indian independence. He grew up in the shadow of the likes of Mahatma Gandhi, Nehru and other leads of those times. He went on to gain progress and recognition in times ahead in the form of becoming the prominent leader of Indian National Congress. Subhash Chandra Bose was also associated with the Indian politics in the post independence scenario where his role was relatively subjective and debated in terms of the policies and mindset he maintained and how the global affairs unfolded in those days afterwards. The

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Apple company.

Server computers followed in the form of the Workgroup Server 80 and the Workgroup Server 95. The LC 520 was launched as a home computer. Further launches included the Performa 520, the Powerbook145B, and the first active-matrix 256 color screen PowerBook 180c. Other new product launches included the low cost audio Macs Centris 660av and Quadra 840av. The PowerBook Duo product line was further extended through the launch of Duo 250 and the Duo 270c (O’Grady, 78-84).

This book gives information on the developments that occurred in Apple Inc. in the latter half of the 1990s. This information is useful in understanding that in spite of the frenetic product launches in the early 1990s, market share in the personal computer market dwindled towards the end of the twentieth century.

This web page provides information on the developments at Apple Company during the first half of the first decade of the New Millennium. It provides the important information of new products along with the significant iPod.

This book provides information on the numerous products launches that took place from Apple Company in the early have of the 1990s. This helps to understand the pace of product development at Apple Company in the

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Hi, need to submit a 1000 words essay on the topic Changes in theoretical paradigms have predominantly been driven by black swan events rather than resulting from proven paradigm.

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In the world of finance, these events are those that effect dramatic market movements, such as, for instance, the 2001 terrorist attacks, as well as the 2007 financial crisis, which both drove the markets dramatically lower. The recommended financial strategies to accommodate large market failures precipitated by black swan events are, of course, centered on allocating a small percentage of a total portfolio towards investment instruments that are to spike when the markets crash, while keeping the large share of the portfolio in the safest, black swan-proof, investment vehicles. This is part of a broader strategy aimed at spreading the risk among a greater number of vehicles for investment. One can say that these investing strategies may be an offshoot of an economic theoretical paradigm that may not be superior, but is conditioned by the painful experience of previous black swan events. The paper explores the dynamics of shifts in theoretical paradigm springing from black swan events (Kim 2010. Bloch 2013. Sood 2013). II. Discussion A history of tectonic changes in macroeconomic paradigms can be summarized as tales of existing economic thinking, such as classical economics and fundamental supply and demand models being upended by black swan events, such as the Great Depression in the case of classical economics. …

During the Depression this amounted to heavy spending by the US government to get the economy out of its hole. One can argue from this that the new paradigm is adopted not because it is necessarily superior, but because it adequately addressed the black swan event of the Depression, and showed good results in spurring the economy back on a track to growth. This new paradigm fixed demand, but was not particularly suited for instance to the black swan event of stagflation, where the economy was stagnant even as inflation spiked. The problem in this latter black swan event was that supply fell, leading to spikes in the prices of fuel and of food. This black swan event then led to a shift in paradigm back to classical economics, with Milton Friedman arguing that market forces are the best determinants of market efficiency, and are best left to their own devices, with the emphasis this time not on demand, as in Keynes, but on supply-side economics. Here then, from two successive black swan events, is proof that changes in economic paradigms are not necessarily driven by the shift to superior paradigms, but rather are borne out of the need to correct the imbalances and inherent problems in economic policies that were made evident by the black swan events. In these two examples it can be argued that classical economics and the efficiency of market forces is the superior paradigm, but as a result of the Great Depression it was junked in favor of Keynes, only to be re-adopted, tweaked, after the stagflation crisis in the 1970’s (Sood 2013. Bloch 2013).

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