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A Thesis is a high-level paper based on original ideas, detailed research, and credible sources. It requires students to use multiple methods for collecting relevant data when doing research.

A thesis is a common assignment in several graduate and postgraduate studies. It is also a degree requirement for many Masters and Ph.D. level degrees. Teachers usually use them to assess and grade students. Similarly, such papers also prove their eligibility to earn the degree. Although a thesis paper can be of any type, students mostly get an argumentative thesis that stresses a stance.

College theses are mostly just extended academic essays but it is important to include all of the elements that are expected in a well-developed college thesis. In this blog post, we will guide you on how to write a strong, impactful thesis that enlightens readers and enriches your field of study.

What is a Thesis?

A thesis is a document that is submitted to complete an academic degree or a professional qualification to present the research and findings of a student. In some cases, the word thesis is used to refer to a part of a bachelor’s or master’s course. It can also be used to refer to a claim of an essay or a work of a similar kind.

A good thesis should propose an arguable point to which people can reasonably disagree. It should be proactive and strong enough to justify the statements presented in the thesis paper. Please note that a thesis is not similar to a dissertation and you should not confuse them. A dissertation is another form of assessment that differs from a thesis in so many ways. It is a subject that you choose for yourself and is required for a doctoral program degree.

Continue reading this blog to clear up the confusion regarding a thesis statement and a thesis. This blog post will help you to find out the obvious differences between a thesis and a thesis statement.

Thesis vs. thesis statement

You may have heard the word thesis as a standalone term or as a component of academic writing called a thesis statement. Keep in mind that these are two very different things.

• A thesis statement is a very common component of an essay, particularly in the humanities. It usually comprises 1 or 2 sentences in the introduction of academhelper.com, and should clearly and concisely summarize the central points of academhelper.com.
• A thesis is a long-form piece of academic writing, often taking more than a full semester to complete. It is generally a degree requirement to complete a Ph.D. program.

On the other hand, you may hear the terms “thesis” and “dissertation” being used interchangeably. It’s important to note that their definitions differ significantly depending on your learning institution and country.

• In many countries, particularly the UK, a dissertation is generally written at the bachelor’s or master’s level.
• In the US, a dissertation is generally written as a final step toward obtaining a Ph.D.

How Long Should a Thesis be?

The length of a thesis varies from one project to the other. It highly depends on the department, faculties, level of study, and fields of study. A bachelor’s thesis is usually 40-60 pages long while a master’s thesis is normally 60–100 pages. On the other hand, a PhD thesis writing must not exceed 80,000 words which is approximately 100-250 pages. These pages contain all the text and reference lists except appendices.

Nevertheless, in thesis writing, students should go for brevity rather than length. The main goal is to come up with the shortest possible paper that contains all the required data. You should also avoid including unnecessary and repetitive information.

Important Tips For Writing A Great Thesis

If the time for writing your thesis has come, we would be happy to share with you our best advice on how to successfully complete this task. Writing a thesis is not an easy task but the information shared here will guide you on how to write a thesis that will earn you a good grade. Consider the following tips when writing your thesis.

Think about your topic and pick it in advance

Picking your thesis topic early is important as you will be able to reflect, read about it and maybe plan the structure of your work before the real pressure knocks on your door. Please do this as soon as possible and try to take advantage of the tight schedule that you will be submitted to over the following months.

If you decide to follow this advice, we can guarantee that you will forever be thankful to yourself as it will give you a boost of confidence at the beginning of your writing process and this will make all the difference in the workflow. Although the advice might seem obvious, very few people implement it. Make sure you are among the few to come up with the best thesis.

Planning is the most important phase

A few students are outstanding planners and every project here should have at least one-third of the time dedicated to the planning step. Such students are very efficient in delivering amazing results, as the planning process is the most important in everything you will do in life! You can adopt this style and don’t be afraid to dedicate a substantial amount of time and energy to the planning phase of your thesis. With this, your work will flow naturally and effectively.

In the planning phase, define the aim and the outline of your work carefully and then structure the summary of your thesis. After this, you can be sure that you have 50% of the work done – of course, that is an exaggeration but it does feel like that when you have a sustainable plan to follow!

Select carefully the method and material you will use

Once you are done with planning, you can put extra effort into defining your work method and selecting the material you will use to base your ideas and consequently your work. Dedicate some quality time to reading and developing confidence in the topic you are going to write about and then stop searching for thousands of other sources. Remember you need to put an end to that reading phase in order to start the writing process.

Don’t waste your time reading unnecessary material and learn to select the right ones. I know it is hard, but being able to identify and effectively extract the information you need is also part of the task!

Be consistent and don’t underestimate the work

Please note that writing a thesis is not going to be an easy assignment and so you should take it seriously from the beginning. The process is designed to take you out of your comfort zone and force you to produce unique and valuable work. The process takes a lot of effort.

Treat it like a job, establish working hours, get yourself dressed properly and take breaks. Most importantly, be consistent, work hard, focus on your project and push your limits even when you feel you have reached them already. You can do it, but you need to commit!

Let me put it straight: you will never feel inspired to write your thesis

Please, understand one thing and remember that every single day, you will never feel inspired to write your thesis. Don’t just sit there and wait for inspiration to come and help you to write a very good thesis because unfortunately, your work is not a piece of art. Academic work requires consistency and persistence and you need to push your limits every day. It hurts, and some days you will just hate it, but in the end, you will be proud of yourself and your efforts.

Establish a schedule and follow it

Honestly, there is no way you can be successful in your thesis writing process without a very good schedule that will not only guide your days but also impose some urgency on your productivity.

Try to establish a realistic yet ambitious schedule with the number of pages you need to finish per week or per day taking into consideration that you will have amazing and terrible cycles during the process.

You should never stop following your schedule but you can always adjust. Never give up and if necessary, you can define in advance some treats for accomplishing your goals and make use of positive reinforcement psychology.

Minimize distractions

There is no way to deny that we are all addicted to the distractions offered by technology. Social media, emails, videos, and, images, so much stimulation, and so much distraction. All of this is poison for your brain while writing your thesis as you will need your full focus dedicated to this project.

Establish the discipline of putting your phone away and turning off the notifications on your devices and especially on your computer to avoid interruptions in your attention when you are busy working on your thesis.

If you are stuck, go on to the following topic, but don’t stop the work

At times you will get stuck and that is fine. You just need to accept and deal with it in the best way possible. You can develop an effective strategy of moving to the next or just a different topic and start writing or reading something new, to give yourself a “fake break” instead of a real break.

By doing this, you push your limits and most of the time you find the idea or words you were looking for. This is very different from the case where you decide to stop and freeze and you will have to get back to where you stopped. You can give the strategy a try if you get stuck, as you don’t need to follow the order of your summary the whole time.

Sometimes, a change in your perspectives is exactly what you need to avoid or fight the agonizing writer’s block.

Treat yourself well

Are you super strict with yourself? Please understood that this is not the most healthy and productive way of dealing with life. Try to treat yourself better during the writing process and allow yourself some pleasant moments and experiences. Some things are absolutely necessary for all of us, like nourishing our bodies with healthy food, having quality resting time, and practicing physical activity.

During the time you have set aside to treat yourself, choose activities you enjoy like going out, watching a movie, having fun, meeting friends, or anything else that suits you better.

Have a plan to overcome the stress and anxiety in the moments

If there is one thing you can be sure about in thesis writing, there will be moments of stress and anxiety. This can be during the writing process or at the end. Be prepared to overcome them and don’t allow these moments to take away your focus and determination.

Planning how to deal with those crazy moments is very important as it will help you feel confident that the moments will pass and that you are in control of everything. The strategy will help you meditate whenever you feel like you are getting out of the tracks. You can try listening to music, dancing, running, swimming, or anything else that is able to take away the bad energies of your body and mind.

Writing a thesis is a stressful task and you will learn a lot about yourself, your strength, and your weakness during this process. It is also an opportunity to enhance so many aspects of your self-esteem and confidence. Try to make the most out of it.

 

Thesis Writing Format

Given below are the four major sections of a thesis format.

Section 1 – Preliminary Pages

• Title page (required)
• Dedication (optional)
• Acknowledgment (optional)
• Abstract (required)
• Table of contents (required)
• List of tables (required)
• List of figures (required)
• List of abbreviations (optional)

Section 2 – Text

• Introduction (referred to as Chapter 1)
• Body of Thesis

Section 3 – References/ Bibliography (required)

Section 4 – Appendices (optional)

Remember, the format of a thesis is the same as that of the other research and term papers.

Thesis Proposal

Before starting to write a final thesis, the supervisors require the students to submit a well-planned proposal. It provides a detailed summary, outline, and layout of your research work. Moreover, it identifies the problem statement, questions, and methods used to carry out the study.

Follow this pattern for writing a thesis proposal.

• Introduction
• Literature review
• Theoretical framework
• Research question
• Methodological designs
• References

How to write a thesis proposal in 5 simple steps

For graduate students, the most important proposal in the world is the thesis proposal. The thesis proposal is an outline of the research work you plan to do in your thesis. It is a roadmap on which your academic and professional career depends. As with any other type of proposal, the more careful the planning, the better the results you’ll get from your thesis proposal.

Once you have decided on a topic, the fun of putting together the thesis proposal itself begins. Writing the proposal of your thesis is challenging, but with the right templates and strategies, the process becomes easier. Let’s learn how to write a thesis proposal before we move forward to writing a good thesis.

Step 1: Outlining

Your thesis proposal starts with outlining the materials you’ve gathered. This is very important because the thesis proposal is as much for your benefit as it is your instructor. If you can carefully outline the parts of the thesis, you can follow the outline in conducting the research to develop the actual project.

What your instructor is likely looking for is evidence in your proposal that you understand the process of data collection. Making it clear that your research will incorporate reviewing and integrating relevant literature is a big part of the proposal.

To do this most effectively, you need to know the structure of a thesis proposal. Here are the steps you’ll take to outline your thesis:

• Create a separate section with your thesis statement at the top of the outline.
• List out the main points you’re going to be making.
• Label your points with Roman Numerals.
• Write out supporting statements underneath the main points.
• Label your supporting statements with letters.
• Continue to add sub-ideas and statements until your ideas are fully fleshed out.

Step 2: Defining a structure

You need to know the common structure of a thesis proposal. The typical parts are as follows:

1. Abstract: This is the outline or the summary of your work and research methodology.
2. Introduction: An introduction is what sets the stage for the rest of your paper. It puts the rest of your research and ideas in the correct context.
3. Existing literature/significant prior research: All of your ideas will be supported with research and other well-known literature. This gives your work credibility, and helps you avoid accusations of plagiarism.
4. Thesis or project statement: Your thesis statement is a concise explanation of the argument made in your paper.
5. Approach: In this section, you’ll include a brief overview of how you plan to approach the topic and the research method used for your work.
6. Potential outcomes: In this section, you’ll outline what you expect to find through your research project.
7. Limitations: Every study comes with its own unique limitations or constraints which impact the results. Outline these limitations, and explain how they could impact the findings in your research proposal.
8. Contributions to knowledge: This is your opportunity to explain how your work will contribute to your field of study.
9. Proposed thesis chapters: And finally, this section will include an outline of how you plan to write and format your thesis.

Step 3: Planning your writing

The best way to put together an organized thesis plan is to organize how you will write it before you get started. Many thesis proposals have been rejected simply because the students didn’t plan their writing and instead tried to hack it all together. If you attempt that, it will show, and the thesis structure is likely to be rejected.

Don’t let that happen to you. Plan the flow of your writing and stick to the plan!

The usual flow of writing a thesis proposal is as follows:

1. Outline: You’ll start by coming up with a detailed description of the major points you’ll be making in your thesis.
2. Prepare visuals (any charts or tables): If your thesis includes any visuals, like charts or tables, it can help to prepare these ahead of time. This will help support the arguments made in your thesis.
3. Describe methodology: In the methodology chapter, you’ll explain the approach you took while compiling your work. This should explain the validity of your research and add credibility to your work.
4. Explanation of data: In this section, you’ll include an overview of the data you uncovered.
5. Conclusions drawn from your data: You’ll also include a brief explanation of the conclusions you’re drawing from the data, and how you believe the data supports your thesis.
6. Introduction: Again, the introduction sets the stage for the rest of the paper.
7. Abstract: Your abstract is a concise summary of the paper.
8. References: The reference list is a complete list of the resources you used to create your thesis. This is also known as a literature review, and it shows how your work fits within the larger field of study.

Note that the writing of a thesis proposal does not follow the actual structure of a thesis proposal. For instance, how can you write an abstract if you do not know what the research actually says? You have to write out of sequence to be able to create an accurate introduction and abstract.

Step 4: Writing the thesis proposal

Once you’ve planned your writing, it’s time to roll up your sleeves and get it done! Thesis proposals are written in a formal style, which is what sets them apart from many other types of proposals.

Although the proposal will be in a formal style, it is still important to keep it simple. Work towards concision while maintaining academic objectivity and leveraging readability.

Pro tip

When you’re writing a thesis proposal, it’s best to avoid using the first or second person. Aside from the thesis statement itself, you want to maintain objectivity in all aspects of your thesis proposal. It may be helpful to consult with your instructor before beginning your thesis statement as well.

Step 5: Proofreading your proposal

A thesis proposal is no place for typing errors or poor readability. If you show your proposal to a fellow student or friend and they have a hard time understanding what you are trying to say, even though they are in your field, you will want to revise it.

The best practices for thoroughly proofreading a thesis proposal are as follows:

• Read the proposal to yourself (aloud!) — you’ll spot problems with grammar and sentence structure more easily this way
• Do not proofread it immediately after writing it — give your brain a rest so you can view it objectively
• Consult with colleagues first — have three friends or colleagues that have a deep understanding of the material proofread it first.
• Use multiple spell checkers — this will help you identify any hard-to-spot errors.
• Remember that your future success depends on a successful thesis proposal — make sure it’s error-proof to maximize your odds of acceptance.

 

How Do You Start Your Thesis?

Below are the prewriting steps to start a thesis successfully.

1. Choose an interesting thesis topic, along with your central argument.
2. Research credible sources to support your claims. It may include online journals, periodicals, and books.
3. Collect relevant statistical data for scientific studies.
4. Search and gather opposing views to present your work in a better and more in-depth manner. It will also identify the strength of counterarguments.
5. Create a well-structured outline to organize all the chapters and headings in one place.
6. Make sure to list down the sources in the referencing section from the start.
7. Check the format, methods of research, and thesis writing guidelines to ensure that you are on the right track.

How to Write a Thesis Paper?

After planning how to start your thesis, the actual writing process begins. Generally, a thesis consists of the following sections.

Thesis Title Page

A thesis title page is the first page of your paper and contains the following things:

• Thesis Title
• Author’s Name
• Institution
• Department
• Submission date
• Degree program
• Research supervisor
• Name of the institutions
• Email addresses

Acknowledgments

It is an optional page in a thesis paper. Here, the writer appreciates the people who supported the research technically, financially, or intellectually.

Abstract

An abstract is a shortened summary of your thesis. It is written to explain the importance of the thesis in one line. A good abstract is quantitative, readable, and concise. Keep in mind the following things when writing an abstract for your paper.

• An abstract should be written in a way that will explain the importance of your paper.
• It should end in 400 words approximately, i.e., 1-2 paragraphs
• Generally, it does not contain citations
• It should not repeat the information in the title
• Use numbers when needed
• Be explicit

A good abstract must answers the following questions:

• Why did you conduct the research?
• What did you learn?
• What question were you trying to answer?
• What methods you have used to conduct the research?
• What are the research findings?
• How will your research contribute to the field area?

Table of Contents

A table of contents lists all of your sections, plus their corresponding page numbers and subheadings if you have them. This helps your reader seamlessly navigate your document.

Your table of contents should include all the major parts of your thesis. In particular, don’t forget the appendices. If you used heading styles, it’s easy to generate an automatic table in Microsoft Word.

Introduction

The introduction chapter of your thesis outlines its core arguments, hypotheses, and results. It is longer than the abstract and contains adequate background information on your topic of interest. Furthermore, it establishes the relevance of your thesis by highlighting its contribution to the knowledge base of its topic. Writing a gripping introduction helps the readers understand the context of your thesis. The introduction of a thesis should have the following stages:

• State the general topic and give some background information.
• Provide a review of the literature related to the thesis subject
• Define the terms and scope of the thesis topic
• Outline the existing situation
• Evaluate the current situation and identify the gap in the literature
• Identify the importance of the proposed research
• State the main research questions
• State the purpose of the study and/or research objectives
• State the study hypotheses
• Outline the order of information in the thesis
• Outline the methodology.

 

Research Significance

In this section, mention the reasons for choosing a particular topic. Also, think about why the research is important and how it will contribute to the field.

Literature Review

Conduct thorough research to review the relevant literature on the topic. Identify the literature gaps and structure your arguments according to them. Also, analyze the methods used by other scholars to acquire the results.

A literature review helps you gain a robust understanding of any extant academic work on your topic. It involves the following,

• Selecting the relevant resources.
• Determining the credibility of your sources.
• Critically evaluate each of your sources.
• Drawing connections between sources, including any themes, patterns, conflicts, or gaps.

A literature review is not merely a summary of existing work. Rather, your literature review should ultimately lead to a clear justification for your own research by:

• Addressing a gap in the literature
• Building on existing knowledge to draw new conclusions
• Exploring a new theoretical or methodological approach
• Introducing a new solution to an unresolved problem
• Definitively advocating for one side of a theoretical debate

 

Methodology

As the name suggests, the methodology section of a thesis consists of all methods and procedures you have used in your thesis. A well-written methodology accentuates the plausibility of your research methods. In addition, it enables your readers to understand why you chose specific methods and how they are justified for your research.

To garner more credibility, you can include the pitfalls and difficulties associated with your choice of research methods. The methodology section is an unavoidable part of a thesis or a research paper. Considering errors in the methodology section enervates the entire thesis.

Follow the steps below to write a perfect methodology for your thesis:

1. Give an outline of the research design
2. Don’t forget to define the philosophy behind the research
3. Mention the research approach
4. Introduce the research methods
5. Avail professional proofreading and editing services

You can choose to highlight the following points in the methodology. No matter what methodology you have chosen, you have to focus on the following:

• Explain the sampling strategy.
• Clearly state the procedure of the research paper.
• Mention how you collected the data. (Data collection)
• Explain how data are analyzed for your research. (Data analysis). Suppose you have written in qualitative strategy like thematic analysis, mention the researcher you have followed.
• Mention the validity of the data and result.
• Discuss all ethical aspects of your research paper.

The following are the most important tips to compose an impactful methodology for a dissertation

• Don’t drift from your objective and the purpose of your dissertation.
• Explore scholarly research papers and their methodology sections to have a better idea.
• Plan a proper writing structure.
• Understand your audience and target group.
• Don’t make mistakes in citing relevant sources. You may use APA and MLA.
• Refer to all the hurdles you have experienced while writing your dissertation.
• Make sure to rectify grammatical and punctuation errors.
• Ensure that the section is readable and doesn’t consist of long and complex sentences. Long sentences can hamper the tone of the methodology.

 

Research Limitations

State your research limitations in this section. Some common limitations are as follows:

• Shortage of finances
• Shortage of subjects
• Time constraints
• Lack of rigorous data

Findings

In this section, mention the research findings in reference to the thesis statement and the hypothesis. Inform the readers if the hypothesis was true and if you could generate the expected results or not.

Results

This is the part where you report the actual statements of your research. It includes tables, graphs, and statistics.

• Show information on a range of varieties.
• Include the negative results along with the positive.
• Layout the complete case, present the required details
• Draw the inferences and add their own explanations
• Show key results at the start of the paragraph in clear sentences.
• Break your results into logical sections by using subheadings

Discussion

The discussion chapter of your thesis should begin with a brief summarization of the outcome of your research work. It should explain how your results address your hypotheses and highlight any repetitions in your observations. You can also add comments on how you want the readers to interpret your results and about your agreements and disagreements with the available research work in your field.

Writing a flawless thesis requires much more than only subject matter expertise. It requires expertise, experience, and in-depth thinking, along with sharp intelligence. Though most students add a discussion chapter to their thesis or dissertation, many of them end up messing up the essay or missing out on the central issues.

A discussion chapter in a thesis is a place where you have the chance to delve into the analysis, importance, and relevance of your research. This section focuses on explaining and analyzing what you have researched, presenting how it is associated with the existing literature. It is also a place for an argument supporting your entire discussion.

We often find that people seek thesis writing help from experienced editing and proofreading services to help prepare a flawless discussion chapter. However, the following tips can help you design a perfect masters or Ph.D. thesis with an excellent discussion chapter:

• Understand the objective of your thesis
• Determine a clear structure
• Usage of grammar and tense
• Refer to hypotheses and literature review
• Evaluate your results and compare them with existing studies
• Understand the limitation of your research
• Don’t be afraid to be unique
• Don’t forget to avail a professional thesis editing and proofreading service.

The following 5 questions might be helpful to write a sound discussion section:

• How well do you understand the objective of your study?
• What message is conveyed by your results?
• How do your findings compare to findings in literature?
• Why should your findings matter?
• In what light should your findings be viewed?

 

Thesis Conclusion

Conclude your paper by writing the thesis statement and research findings. Keep it brief and discuss the important points only. Similarly, do not open new ideas in this section as it will leave a wrong impression on the teacher.

You can also recommend directions for future research to solve the problem.

Recommendations

• Include in your paper when it is appropriate
• Action to solve the particular problem
• Add further research to fill in gaps
• Direct the reader for future investigations

• Acknowledgements

Anyone who helped you in the process.

• Technically (include supplies, materials )
• Financially (travel grant, departmental support, etc.)
• Intellectually (advice, assistance)

References

In this section, add all the sources that you have used in your thesis. It will add credibility to your work by avoiding plagiarism. Also, arrange the list alphabetically and according to the given format.

In order to avoid plagiarism, don’t forget to include a full reference list at the end of your thesis, citing the sources that you used. Choose one citation style and follow it consistently throughout your thesis, taking note of the formatting requirements of each style.

The style you choose is often set by your department or your field, but common styles include MLA, APA, and Chicago.

Appendices

In order to stay clear and concise, your thesis should include the most essential information needed to answer your research question. However, chances are you have many contributing documents, like interview transcripts or survey questions. These can be added as appendices, to save space in the main body.

• Include all the data in the appendix
• Reference materials are not available
• Tables and Calculations
• Include a key article
• Include a list of additional materials
• List of equipment used for an analysis

Note that figures and tables with captions should be mentioned in the text and not in this section unless they are more than 1-2 pages in length.

Include your data, procedures, references, and calculations in the appendices. Moreover, give each appendix a title, such as a letter (A, B, C). However, it should not be more than 1-2 pages.

Thesis Topics

Below are some interesting topic ideas for writing a thesis paper.

• Discuss cultural and economic approaches in the practical world.
• Influence of demographic change in urban areas.
• Multinational firms investing in Third World countries – Does it help?
• Roadways and the telecommunications industry are essential to the economy.
• Discuss the conflicts in Africa along with their causes & effects.
• Elaborate on the role of women in rural development.
• Discuss the economic analysis of real estate prices.
• Impact of regional trade agreements on SAARC.
• Relationship between migration and crime.
• What are the causes and consequences of long-term unemployment?

Thesis Writing Tips

Follow the tips given below to write a well-researched thesis.

• Start writing your thesis early.
• Determine the audience and their expectations.
• Organize your paper as a logical argument.
• Create tables and figures to present the arguments.
• Arrange the sections to make your first and last chapter engaging.
• Write the introduction after the conclusion. Ensure both sections are related to each other.
• Do a critical review of the literature to make your research credible and authentic.
• Read your work aloud to identify spelling, grammatical and punctuation mistakes.
• Set the deadlines for each day and make sure to work accordingly.
• Remember to proofread and refine your thesis before the final submission.
• Make changes according to the feedback.
• Use a simple sentence structure along with easy words.

Qualities of a good thesis

A good thesis has the following qualities

• A good thesis must solve an existing problem in society, organization, government, etc.
• A good thesis should be contestable, it should propose a point that is arguable which people can agree with or disagree with.
• It is specific, clear, and focused.
•  A good thesis does not use general terms and abstractions.

• The claims of a good thesis should be definable and arguable.
• It anticipates the counter-arguments
• It does not use unclear language
• It avoids the first person. (“In my opinion”)
• A strong thesis should be able to take a stand and not just take a stand but should be able to justify the stand that is taken so that the reader will be tempted to ask questions like how or why.
• The thesis should be arguable, contestable, focused, specific, and clear. Make your thesis clear, strong, and easy to find.
• The conclusion of a thesis should be based on evidence.

 

Hire a Professional for Thesis Writing

A thesis is the most critical work in your academic life. Thus, if you are not sure about doing it successfully, do not take the risk. There are many companies available online that offer Masters and Ph.D. thesis writing services. However, not all of them provide original and authentic papers.

academhelper.com is a professional essay writing service that provides essay writing services to students all over the world. We guarantee high quality and well-researched thesis for multiple academic levels and subjects.

You can buy a thesis from us at affordable rates. Simply contact our 24/7 customer support and specify your requirements. And we will assign a writer to work on your thesis.

 

What to learn

1. Education and types of nursing degrees.
2. Speciality career choices in nursing.
3. Best nursing universities.
4. Nursing salaries.

Education and Types of Nursing  Degrees

The type of nursing degree you’ll require will largely depend on the professional path you’re interested in taking. Both academic training and clinical experience are part of nursing degrees. You can learn by doing, interact with nurses, and pose questions in context. You’ll also have the chance to see how a hospital operates thanks to the experience. Depending on the position it trains you for, each degree will change slightly.

Associate degree in nursing (ADN)

The typical level of education required to become a Registered Nurse is an associate degree in nursing. The type of nurses you will encounter most frequently in the medical profession are registered nurses, or RNs for short. Over three million Registered Nurses are currently working in hospitals, private clinics, schools, and other clinical facilities across the country.Patients receive direct treatment from registered nurses. 

They have the necessary licenses to provide medical treatment, manage pharmaceutical regimens, do health assessments, manage care plans, and handle medical equipment. The wide range of work that registered nurses do necessitates at least an associate’s degree in order to practice. Associate degree programs give students the clinical expertise and foundational knowledge of nursing practice they need to succeed in patient care settings.

The average length of an ADN program is two to three years. Both classroom instruction and clinical experience are part of the curriculum. Students receive practical instruction in a genuine healthcare environment during clinicals. In order to improve their talents, they also train in laboratories. Aspiring RNs have the opportunity to sit for the board exam after graduation and earn their professional license.

Bachelor of science in nursing (BSN)

Nurses with Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degrees are prepared for a wide range of nursing-related graduate studies and professional responsibilities. Usually, four-year college or university programs are required to obtain it. Baccalaureate programs include a range of liberal arts classes as well as professional education and nursing-specific training. It comprises education beyond that of an ADN and frequently incorporates courses in communication, leadership, critical thinking, and the physical and social sciences. In the USA, there are 674 BSN programs. 

Students can take the NCLEX-RN exam to become a licensed registered nurse by enrolling in BSN programs that have been approved by the state’s specific board of nursing. For registered nurses with associate degrees who desire to complete their bachelor’s in nursing, certain states offer accelerated programs referred to as “RN-to-BSN” or “BSN completion.” In 2010, the Institute of Medicine recommended that by 2020, 80 percent of registered nurses in the United States possess a baccalaureate degree. This prompted healthcare organizations to implement education assistance programs for those with associate degrees and to make a BSN a requirement for hiring.

Master of science in nursing

A higher degree that enables a more specialized nursing function is the Master of Science in Nursing (MSN). There are many other jobs that a master’s prepared nurse can consider pursuing. Clinical nurse specialist (CNS), certified nurse anesthetist (CRNA), certified nurse midwife (CNM), and certified nurse practitioner (CNP) are all possible career pathways (CNM). The MSN-prepared nurse may also concentrate in fields such as business administration, health administration, or public health. Education program length varies depending on the chosen field and might range from 18 to 24 months of full-time graduate level study.

Depending on the position being sought after, a master’s-prepared nurse must pass certification exams. For instance, the CNM sits for the exam administered by the American Midwifery Certification Board, and nurse administrators may be certified by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC). Nursing professionals with master’s degrees have received training in advanced evaluation, patient counseling, management, leadership, research, and education.  State-by-state variations in the scope of practice may apply, and they may work in both inpatient and outpatient settings as well as in educational institutions.

Diploma in Licensed practical nursing

LPNs serve as the main conduit for information between patients and RNs. They take care of a few clinical duties like beginning IV drips, changing bandages, and taking vital signs from patients. An LPN’s primary responsibility is to make sure that the entire care team is informed on each patient’s status and that their requirements are being addressed.

In the majority of states, LPNs are only permitted to undertake basic patient care; they cannot give medications or conduct physical examinations. They assist other medical professionals, including Registered Nurses. LPNs, in turn, have lower educational requirements than RNs. LPNs normally need a practical nursing diploma to get licensed, though criteria differ by state. The length of LPN programs is normally one year.

Doctor of Nursing practice 

The range of activities that a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) can perform includes evaluating, diagnosing, prescribing, consulting, screening, educating, starting referrals, and coordinating patient care. Acute Care Nurse Practitioner, Adult Nurse Practitioner, Adult-gerontology Nurse Practitioner (acute or primary care), Adult Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, Family Nurse Practitioner, Gerontological Nurse Practitioner, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner (acute or primary care), and School Nurse Practitioner are just a few of the many specialties that DNPs can choose from.

By state and specialty field of practice, specific practice guidelines can differ. One would require a doctorate in nursing practice in order to become a DNP. Every program has a different set of specific criteria. Before beginning practice, a doctoral graduate must successfully complete the certification exam for their particular specialization. There were 3,065 DNP graduates in 2014.

Top ten Speciality career choices in nursing 

Chief nursing officers (CNO)

CNOs perform duties at the top of healthcare companies. They handle money, supervise and evaluate nursing staff, plan daily operations, and put new technologies and other advances into practice. The need for CNOs is growing in the healthcare sector as a result of industry-wide initiatives to enhance patient outcomes, cut costs, and boost productivity.

How to Become One: CNOs often hold an RN license in addition to a graduate degree in business, nursing, or health administration. Dual degrees in MSN and MHA are an option for several CNOs.

Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM)

A CNM’s main responsibility is to look after pregnant women during their pregnancies, deliveries, and postpartum periods as well as to keep an eye on their newborns. As more women opt for natural childbirth and birthing centers, demand for CNMs is on the rise.

How to Become: Registered nurses who want to become certified nurse midwives (CNMs) must first get a graduate degree from a recognized program that provides midwifery specialities. They then must be certified by the American Midwifery Certification Board. Possibilities for a better career and compensation are increased by earning a DNP.

According to the BLS, projected job growth will be 7% from 2021 to 2031.

Legal nurse consultant (LNC)

Opportunities for employment as an LNC exist at law offices, healthcare facilities, insurance businesses, and corporate legal departments. They may carry out research and interviews, offer expert testimony, study and evaluate medical records and other documentation, and provide expert testimony depending on the context of their work.

How to Become: LNCs normally earn an ADN or a BSN degree and hold a current RN licensure. Although certification is not required, the American Association of Legal Nurse Consultants advises pursuing the legal nurse consultant certified credential, which calls for a minimum of five years of RN practice.

According to the BLS, all RNs are expected to have a 6% job growth between 2021 and 2031.

Nurse in Orthopedics

Patients with musculoskeletal problems and other conditions that impact the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves are treated by orthopedic nurses. As the population ages and life expectancy rises, this speciality will keep expanding.

How to Become: RNs who hold a current license and an ADN or BSN degree can work as orthopedic nurses. RNs with two years of experience can advance in their careers by becoming certified as an orthopedic nurse, which takes 1,000 hours of experience.

Nephropathy nurse

Nephrology nurses, also referred to as dialysis nurses, provide care for people with renal disease, run dialysis machines, deliver other treatments, and instruct patients and their families on how to manage these disorders. As the U.S. population ages, the prevalence of renal illness has increased, fueling job development in this field.

Dialysis nurses might be made up of ADN or BSN graduates who have a current RN license. Possibilities for employment may increase by voluntarily obtaining credentials as a certified nephrology nurse or certified dialysis nurse.

Telehealth  Nurse

Under the direction of a physician or nurse practitioner, a telehealth nurse provides care and keeps track of patients’ health over the phone, through video conferences, or through online chats. During the pandemic, telehealth nursing positions increased, and they are still expanding due to the popularity of online medical services.

How to Become: An ADN or BSN degree and a passing score on the NCLEX for RN licensure are the minimal educational requirements for telehealth nursing. By earning an ambulatory care certification, which encompasses patient care outside of clinical settings and includes elements of telemedicine in home healthcare, telehealth nurses can choose to expand their employment choices.

Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner (AGNP)

AGNPs concentrate on treating elderly individuals and the illnesses that affect this population in general. AGNPs can anticipate significant job development in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, and home health care, as the demand for specialized care among aging baby boomers rises. After the FNP certificate, the AGNP certification is the second most popular nurse practitioner credential.

How to Become an AGNP: To become an AGNP, a person must possess a valid RN license, an MSN degree, and either adult-gerontology main care or adult-gerontology acute care certification from the National Board of Nurse Practitioners.

Family nurse practitioner (FNP)

Family nurse practitioners (FNPs) have received specialized training in providing primary healthcare to patients of all ages. Family nurse practitioners typically do physical examinations, diagnostic testing, pharmaceutical prescriptions, and the diagnosis and treatment of ailments.

How to become: A graduate nursing degree, an RN license, and passing the FNP national board certification exam are all requirements for becoming a FNP.

Psychiatric nurse

A psychiatric or a  mental health nurse is an expert in identifying and treating patients with psychological illnesses. Within this nursing field, providing counseling services is frequently another crucial responsibility.

How to Become: To work as a psychiatric nurse, you must have a BSN or ADN as well as a current RN licensure.

Travel nurses

Travel nurses are distinct in that they can move from location to location depending on their contract and engage with patients from a range of locations.

Because of nursing shortages in some geographic locations and high-demand specialties, the employment of travel nurses has increased, allowing them to earn far more than full-time permanent nurses.

How to become: RNs with at least an ADN are required to work as travel nurses. However, some organizations could need a BSN or a graduate degree with certifications depending on the role.

10 Best nursing universities in the US

Johns Hopkins university

According to the U.S. News & World Report, the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing is among the top three MSN, DNP, and online nursing programs. The institution has additionally received three NLN Center of Excellence designations in a row for fostering both professional and student growth. Around 1,200 diverse nursing students attend Johns Hopkins, including 500 full-time and 700 part-time students. A direct entrance MSN program has recently replaced the university’s pre licensure BSN program. The first five direct entry MSN graduating classes have achieved a remarkable 95% NCLEX pass rate. Johns Hopkins provides a doctor of philosophy (PhD) in nursing, a DNP with seven advanced practice specialties, and two more MSN courses. 

Ohio State University-Columbus

The Ohio State College of Nursing has trained more than 12,000 nurses since its inception and has twice been named a Center of Excellence by the National League for Nursing. With regard to its many courses, the College places a strong emphasis on research and patient-centered practice. By U.S. News & World Report, Ohio State’s online MSN program is consistently rated as one of the finest in the nation. The DNP degree and some of its subspecialties have received top-ten rankings, along with many other programs. 200–230 students complete the four-year BSN program each year, and over the past ten years, the school has had an impressive first-time NCLEX pass rate of 94%.

University of Pittsburgh

U.S. News & World Report gives Pitt Nursing good grades for both its master’s and doctoral programs. The National Institutes of Health consistently place Pitt among the top five nursing schools in the nation for research funding. The school also offers standard and accelerated bachelor’s degree programs, and over the past ten years, its BSN students have passed the NCLEX exam at a 90% first-time pass rate. There are about 100 full-time faculty members at Pitt Nursing, and 98% of them have doctorates. QS World University Rankings recently placed the School of Nursing among the top twenty worldwide.

University of Emory

There are about 600 students enrolled in BSN, ABSN, MSN, PhD, and DNP programs at the Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing at Emory University. According to U.S. News & World Report, the university consistently ranks among the top 10 graduate nursing programs, with a variety of highly regarded specialized programs. Around 200 BSN graduates from Emory’s undergraduate program graduate each year, and over the past ten years, they have passed the NCLEX-RN exam at a 92% rate. After graduation, the nursing program’s excellent 82% employment record is impressive, and graduates have found jobs at more than 500 different clinical locations around the country.

University of Pennsylvania

The MSN program at Penn Nursing is frequently rated as one of the best in the nation by U.S. News & World Report. Five of its nurse practitioner specialty tracks are also in the appropriate categories. Additionally, Penn Nursing has earned more NIH research funding than any other nursing school in the nation during the previous five years, including more than $12 million in 2020. Over the previous ten years, the first-time NCLEX pass rate for graduates of Penn’s highly competitive prelicensure BSN program has averaged 93%. The university provides three post-DNP master’s programs, two post-baccalaureate DNP tracks, and a PhD program that made history as the first nursing doctorate in the Ivy League.

University of Maryland

There are now close to 2,000 nursing students enrolled at the University of Maryland School of Nursing (UMSON). In at least 10 separate nursing specialist areas, U.S. News & World Report has ranked the university among the top ten institutions. In terms of NIH funding for nursing research during the previous ten years, UMSON ranks #13. Every year, the institution awards degrees to about 300 pre-licensure BSN students and an additional 100 direct entrance MSN students. Over the previous ten years, these people have achieved an outstanding 89% first-time pass record on the NCLEX exam. UMSON employs more than 700 faculty associates and clinical preceptors, has 154 faculty members (136 of whom are full-time), and gives students access to four formal research institutes.

University of Michigan

According to the U.S. News & World Report, the University of Michigan School of Nursing (UMSN) has the eighth-best MSN program and the fourteenth-best DNP program in the nation. All four of the school’s nursing specialties—family nurse practitioner, adult-gerontology nurse practitioner, and nursing informatics—are in the top ten nationally. BSN students have excellent NCLEX pass rates at the undergraduate level, reaching as high as 97% in some recent quarters. The school offers a variety of nursing courses in addition to cutting-edge options like its Global Health Concentration. Modern clinical simulation labs and collaborations with some of the greatest preceptors in the nation help students.

University of California, Los Angeles

Numerous national honors have been bestowed upon the UCLA School of Nursing. The university is consistently ranked among the top 25 in the nation for graduate nursing studies by U.S. News & World Report. In terms of NIH funding for nursing schools during the last ten years, UCLA is rated #12 overall. The university’s BSN, MSN, and PhD programs all have about 600 nursing students enrolled. In addition to multiple advanced practice tracks in various NP and CNS specialties, the MSN program includes a direct-entry track for non-nurses that leads to CNL certification. UCLA students are well-prepared for licensure: over the previous ten years, the school’s BSN graduates have achieved an 87% first-time NCLEX pass rate, while direct-entry MSN applicants have obtained an 89% first-time NCLEX pass rate.

University of Oregon School of Medicine

With 1,100 students enrolled across five sites (Portland, Ashland, Monmouth, La Grande, and Klamath Falls) as well as online, OHSU School of Nursing is one of the largest nursing schools in the state. OHSU provides a regular BSN program on each of its five campuses, an accelerated BSN program in Portland and Ashland with a smooth MSN/DNP transfer, and an online and Portland-based RN-to-BSN program. In each of the previous eight years, traditional BSN students have attained an NCLEX pass rate of 90–95 percent on their first try. Accelerated BSN students have performed even better, consistently reporting NCLEX pass rates between 93 and 99% over that time. Graduate programs in nurse anesthesia, nurse midwifery, and four nurse practitioner roles—families, adult-gerontology acute care, psychiatry-mental health, and pediatrics—are all available at OHSU.

New York University

The adult-gerontology nurse practitioner programs offered at NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing consistently rank among the top 10 in the US, according to U.S. News & World Report. Additionally, NYU Meyers has twice received a Center of Excellence status from the National League for Nursing, placing the college sixth nationally in terms of NIH nursing research grants provided during the past ten years. Every year, more than 400 students from the college’s flagship BSN program graduate, and over the past ten years, 87% of those students have passed the NCLEX exam on their first attempt. Additionally, NYU Meyers offers a PhD in nursing research and theory development, post-advanced master’s credentials in eleven different subjects, a DNP degree with three entry paths, and an MSN program with nine different specialization possibilities.

Nursing salaries

Nursing can be a fulfilling and lucrative career if you’re thinking about pursuing one. Pay ranges vary based on a nurse’s discipline, workplace characteristics, and region.

Location is crucial . By state, nurse pay varies greatly. Which state, however, pays nurses the most? According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, among the top 10 states for RN salaries are now California, Hawaii, the District of Columbia, Massachusetts, Oregon, Alaska, New York, Nevada, New Jersey, and Washington (BLS).

States with the highest salaries for registered nurses in 2023

The state with the highest average salary for registered nurses is California, which comes in first place with a salary of $124,000. Hawaii and Oregon come next, each with a value of $106,530. With an average RN income of $98,540, Washington, D.C., despite not being a state technically, is among the best-paying areas in the United States                   

Top 10 states with the highest salaries for licensed nurses

Rank	State	Average RN salary
1	california	$124,000
2	Hawaii	$106,530
3	Oregon	$98, 630
4	District of columbia	$98,540
5	Alaska	$97,230
6	Massachusetts	$96,630
7	Washington	$95,350
8	New york	$93,320
9	New jersey	$89,690
10	Connecticut	$88,800

States with the highest salaries for nurses after adjusting for cost of living

A measure of the relative purchasing power of a dollar for items like groceries, housing, and transportation is the cost of living index. A region’s cost of living index is greater in places where these basic items are more expensive than the national average; a region’s cost of living index is thought to be lower in areas where these basic products are typically less expensive. Hawaii is at the top of the list as of 2021, scoring 119.3, while Mississippi is last, scoring 87.8.

Top 10 states with the highest salaries for registered nurses after adjusting for cost of living

Rank	State	Avg RN salary (COL adjusted)
1	California	$106,529
2	Oregon	$96,131
3	Alaska	$92512
4	Nevada	$92416
5	Hawaii	$89296
6	Washington	$87961
7	Massachusetts	$87527
8	Washington, D.C.	$85538
9	Minnesota	$85223
10	New Mexico	$84705

Licensed Practical Nurse Salary by State

In every state in the U.S., hospitals and other healthcare facilities employ registered nurses. Find out the typical RN pay in your state by using the map at the top or the list below.

State	Avg RN Salary	RNs employed	Cost of living index	Avg RN salary, adjusted for COL
Alabama	$61,920	49,780	89.3	$69,339
Alaska	$97,230	6,060	105.1	$92,512
Arizona	$81,600	57,260	99.1	$82,341
Arkansas	$65,810	26,320	89.2	$73,778
California	$124,000	324,400	116.4	$106,529
Colorado	$80,670	51,680	102.9	$78,397
Connecticut	$88,530	34,320	105	$84,314
Delaware	$77,760	11,760	99.4	$78,397
District of Columbia	$98,540	11,540	115.2	$84,314
Florida	$72,000	187,920	101	$71,287
Georgia	$75,380	78,290	94.5	$79,767
Hawaii	$106,530	11,110	119.3	$89,296
Idaho	$73,640	14,400	92.2	$79,870
Illinois	$78,260	129,260	100.5	$77,871
Indiana	$68,890	66,800	92.5	$74,476
Iowa	$64,990	32,650	91	$71,418
Kansas	$66,560	28,980	92.4	$72,035
Kentucky	$67,260	43,540	89.8	$74,900
Louisiana	$70,380	42,870	92.7	$75,922
Maine	$73,630	14,380	99.3	$74,149
Maryland	$82,660	51,550	107.7	$76,750
Massachusetts	$96,630	88,270	110.4	$87,527
Michigan	$75,930	102,480	94	$80,777
Minnesota	$84,030	69,000	98.6	$85,223
Mississippi	$63,130	29,140	87.8	$71,902
Missouri	$67,790	69,240	92.5	$73,286
Montana	$73,610	9,640	93.5	$78,727
Nebraska	$69,850	20,660	92.9	$75,188
Nevada	$88,800	24,590	97.4	$82,491
New Hampshire	$78,270	12,890	106.5	$73,493
New Jersey	$89,690	77,980	116	$77,319
New Mexico	$77,590	17,030	91.6	$84,770
New York	$93,320	188,300	116.3	$80,241
North Carolina	$71,200	104,810	91.8	$71,748
North Dakota	$71,200	11,810	92	$77,391
Ohio	$71,640	129,270	100	$79,870
Oklahoma	$68,180	31,510	91.3	$74,677
Oregon	$98,630	37,780	102.6	$96,131
Pennsylvania	$76,000	149,270	97.6	$77,869
Rhode Island	$85,270	10,860	101.8	$83,762
South Carolina	$69,580	46,160	91.6	$75,961
South Dakota	$60,540	14,140	91.5	$66,623
Tennessee	$66,680	62,250	92.2	$72,321
Texas	$79,120	217,630	99.5	$79,518
Utah	$72,790	23,760	96.5	$75,430
Vermont	$75,160	7,210	103.1	$72,900
Virginia	$76,680	66,980	101.3	$75,696
Washington	$95,350	62,470	108.4	$80,805
West Virginia	$67,640	19,800	88	$76,864
Wisconsin	$76,850	62,860	93.2	$82,457
Wyoming	$73,130	4,890	92.8	$78,804

The highest paying industries for registered nurses

Industry	Avg pay per hour	Average salary
Pharmaceutical industry	$50.61	$105,270
Outpatient care centers	$44.74	$93,070
General hospitals	$40.88	$85,020
Speciality hospitals	$40.77	$84,800
Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals	$38.59	$80,260
Home health care services	$37.59	$78,190