This week students will create a powerpoint to address the following questions…

Case Study:

A mother expecting her first child miscarried at home on June 22, 2010. The pregnancy was six months along. An ambulance was called at 4:57 a.m. The EMTs helped the mother to the stretcher and then went inside to retrieve the fetus from the bathroom floor. The baby was seen moving its head. The EMTs requested ALS to the scene. The baby was placed inside a small container. The ALS personnel visually assessed the fetus and stated the fetus was “non-viable”. There was never a fetal heart check in the field. Mother and fetus were transported to the hospital arriving at 5:16 a.m.

At the hospital, a nurse noticed that the fetus was warm and had a heartbeat. The baby was raced to the special care nursery and placed on a warmer. The staff then proceeded to resuscitate the baby. The baby was dusky and noted to have a heart rate of 30 with respirations of 6-8 at 5:40 a.m., and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated. The oxygen saturation was 2-10%. The baby was intubated at 5:55 a.m. At 6:05 a.m., the blood pressure was 44/24. By 6:15 a.m., the baby was on a ventilator with oxygen saturation of 96%, a heart rate of 102, but remained dusky. By 6:30 a.m., the baby’s heart rate was 120 and blood pressure 52/24.

At 7:45 a.m., the baby was transported to a Boston hospital NICU for further care and treatment. Unfortunately, the baby died on August 10, 2010 at age 1 month and 16 days, not from prematurity but rather from brain damage due to lack of oxygen.

The plaintiffs’ claimed the accepted standard of care for basic and paramedic emergency medicine technicians in Massachusetts in 2010 required basic and paramedic EMTs to provide appropriate evaluation and treatment by following established protocols. It is beyond the scope of practice for EMTs at any level to make determinations in regard to viability of a patient. As a result of the negligence, the baby was improperly designated as “non-viable”, was placed in a Pizzeria Uno’s delivery plastic bag inside of a box with a lid on it further depriving the baby of oxygen, and as a result was not resuscitated for the first several minutes of life.

Lubin & Meyers. (2016). EMT negligence lawsuit settles for $1 million. 2011 medical Malpractice Trial Report. Retrieved from http://www.lubinandmeyer.com/cases/emt-malpractice.html

1. Title page (1 slide)
2. What are the facts of the case? This should include: what do we need to know, who is involved in the situation, where does the ethical situation take place, and when does it occur? (3-4 slides)
3. What is the precise ethical issue in regards to autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, fidelity, and justice? (4-5 slides)
4. Identify the major principles, rules, and values of the case.  Values are sets of beliefs about good and bad, right and wrong, and about many other aspects of living and interacting in the society with others. A principle is a personal rule that governs personal behavior. A rule is generally imposed by a figure of authority, and used to guide and govern people. (3-4 slides)
5. Locate the scope of practice for EMTs in your state.  Is your scope of practice dictated by the state or facility the EMT works for? Does the scope of practice vary from state to state? Explain and support your answers (4-5 slides)
6. Locate your professional code of ethics for EMTs.  Does the code of ethics address autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, fidelity, and justice? Explain and provide an example for each (5-6 slides)
7. Based on the scope of practice and code of ethics found, do you support the EMT’s decision in this case? Why or why not? Be specific with examples (3-4 slides)
8. If you were a member of the ethics committee at this facility, what actions or changes would you recommend changing? Why? (2-3 slides)

For the presentation, insure information is referenced and cited in your slides. The presentation should start with a title slide and end with a reference slides. At least 3 references are required for this assignment. You must include at least 5 pictures or graphics. All pictures or graphics taken from outside sources must be referenced and cited.

Assignment Expectations:

• Length:
  • 25-33 slides
  • Use the tips at http://www.garrreynolds.com/preso-tips/design/ to create the slideshow.  Because good PowerPoints have very few words, submit a script that describes the content of each slide – about 50 words per slide.  Place this script in a separate Word document that shows each slide number and the text for each slide as shown in the provided PowerPoint Slide Notes.docx.
• Structure:
  • Include a title page and reference page in APA style
• References:
  • References are required. You should include the appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions
• Format:
  • save your presentation as a Microsoft PowerPoint  (.ppt or .pptx)
  • Save the slide script as a Word document
• File name:
  • name your saved file according to your last name, first initial and the week (for example, “jonesb.week1”)

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• Write a 2-3 page paper that examines end-of-life issues in relationship to hospitals, professional ethics, and accrediting bodies.
  How Institutional Conceptual Frameworks Influence Ethical Decision Making
  We wrap things up by exploring institutions and groups designed to help ensure that hospital staff at all levels think and act ethically in caring for patients. Accrediting bodies are oversight agencies charged with performing accreditation of hospitals and helping to establish standards for health care delivery. Their aim is to keep the quality of care as high as possible and to make sure the care is delivered ethically. Ethics committees are groups of individuals within hospitals that meet regularly to advise staff on ethically difficult cases and to promote an ethical institutional culture.
  Demonstration of Proficiency
  By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:
  
  • Competency 2: Apply sound ethical thinking related to a health care issue. 
    • Demonstrate sound ethical thinking in applying ethical principles and moral theories to a specific case.
  • Competency 3: Analyze ethical issues associated with patient care from the perspectives of various health care professionals. 
    • Explain professional codes of ethics and apply them in to a specific case.
  • Competency 4: Explain the conceptual framework that health care leaders use to make ethical decisions. 
    • Explain organizational documents like mission and value statements and use them to analyze a case study.
    • Explain the role of accrediting bodies and applies this understanding in analyzing a case study.
  • Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with health care professionals. 
    • Provides validation and support within written communications by including relevant examples and supporting evidence using APA citations.
    • Produce writing with minimal errors in grammar, usage, spelling, and mechanics.
  • Preparation
    Complete the Case Study: Tonya Archer media activity, which is linked later in this assessment.
    Before you begin creating your submission for this assessment, make sure you have worked through the Tonya Archer case study. This will provide the foundational context for the assessment, for which you will be carrying out independent research by using the Internet to complete the following:
  • Identify the professional code of ethics for your professional specialty or a specialty that you are interested in.
  • With a local hospital in mind (perhaps one you work for), locate the mission, vision, and values statement of that hospital.
  • After you identify the professional ethics code and the hospital mission, vision, and values statements relevant to your work and interests, it may be useful to complete the following:
  • Identify which item in the ethical code you believe is the most important and explain why.
  • Name something in the code you would like to see addressed in more depth. Why?
  • Which item in the code do you think would be the most challenging to follow and why?
  • Does your code make an explicit distinction between what is legal and what is ethical? That is, is the code clear that, while an action may be legal, it may not be ethical?
  • Finally, how well does your professional code of ethics align with the mission and values statement of your hospital? Can you imagine a situation in which following one would make it challenging to follow the other?
  • Instructions
    For this assessment you will apply some concepts we have learned in the course, particularly those relating to the basic principles of health care ethics, professional codes of ethics, and values of health care institutions. 
    Write a paper that answers the following questions as it relates to the Tonya Archer Case Study:
  • What are the most relevant end-of-life issues in health care ethics as they relate to this case?
  • What should the hospital do? Should doctors simply keep Tonya on life support, as the parents want? Or, since all medical evidence indicates that Tonya’s brain damage is permanent, should life support be removed?
  • Support your answer with the following considerations in mind:
  • Explain which principles of health care ethics and which moral theory are the best philosophical foundations for your view.
  • Is your view supported by your professional code of ethics? If so, explain how. If not, explain what your code gets wrong about a case like this.
  • Is your view consistent with the mission statement and values of the hospital you identified in your independent research you conducted to prepare to complete this assessment?
  • Would an accrediting body, like the Joint Commission, support your choice? Why or why not?
  • Submission Requirements
    Your paper should meet the following requirements:
  • Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
  • APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style and formatting guidelines.
  • Length: 2–3 typed, double-spaced pages.
  • Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.

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