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APA format 2 pages 3 references 2 from walden university library.
As a registered nurse working as a case manager within the home health care setting, I have had the opportunity to provide care to patients diagnosed with various respiratory disorders. A majority of the patients I have worked with were diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is defined as a common preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases (Huether, 2017). Two important facts regarding this respiratory disorder include the following:
- COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States accounting for 138,080 deaths in 2010.
- In 2010, the cost of COPD in the United States was estimated to be nearly $50 billion, including nearly $30 billion in direct health care expenditures.
These figures detail the staggering numbers of patients living with COPD and the significant impact on patients, families, communities and the health care system.
During the time that I worked with COPD patients, one of the respiratory disorders of particular interest was emphysema. I wanted to make sure I understood the disease process so I could provide the most appropriate care and teaching to my patients, families and caregivers. Emphysema is abnormal permanent enlargement of gas-exchange airways (acini) accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls without obvious fibrosis (Huether, 2017). Furthermore, the American Lung Association defined emphysema as the gradual damage of lung tissue, specifically thinning and destruction of the alveoli or air sacs (www.lung.org). I often used this definition with patients to help them understand how this respiratory disorder effects the body. The pathophysiology of emphysema includes the following:
- Air sacs are destroyed in emphysema, making it progressively difficult to breathe.
- Emphysema is usually accompanied by chronic bronchitis, with almost-daily or daily cough and phlegm.
- Cigarette smoking is the major cause of emphysema.
- People with emphysema experience shortness of breath with activities
- It is not curable, but there are treatments that can help you manage the disease (www.lung.org).
Medication management of emphysema varies depending upon severity of the disease. Initial drug therapy selection depends on COPD severity, symptoms, and exacerbation risk. In addition, medication therapy may be based upon Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines which categorized COPD into four groups (A, B, C, D) ranging from low risk, less symptoms to high risk, high symptoms (Arcangelo, 2017). Medications may include the following:
- Short-acting beta2 agonists, short-acting anticholinergics, combination of short-acting anticholinergic and short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists, long-acting beta2-agonists, long-acting anticholinergics, combination long-acting anticholinergic and long-acting beta2-agonists, combination long-acting beta2-agonists and corticosteroids, oral corticosteroids, methylxanthines, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors.
- All persons with COPD should receive an annual influenza vaccine.
- Some patients may also require oxygen therapy.
All persons with COPD need first line therapy which includes at least one short-acting bronchodilator for self-management of acute symptoms. In addition, second-line therapy is based upon GOLD recommendations depending upon the group (A, B, C, D) classification of each patient’s health status and disease progression.
Nondrug therapy includes tobacco cessation, avoidance of environmental and occupational irritants, and energy conservation. A variety of drug and nondrug therapies are available for tobacco cessation. All health care professionals should ask every patient at every encounter about tobacco smoking and then advise, assess, assist, and arrange for smoking cessation interventions as appropriate. Outdoor exercise and exertion should be avoided when pollution levels are high or temperatures are extreme.
Ethnicity was the factor reviewed to identify if it had an impact on the pathophysiological process related to emphysema and treatment with prescription medications. One article noted that the factor of ethnicity has a significant impact on COPD and the effects of prescribed drugs.
- Socioeconomic status (SES) has an important influence on health and longevity. Studies indicate that race – ethnicity and SES have important impacts on adult asthma outcomes.
- The effects of race – ethnicity and SES on health outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), however, have not been well characterized
- Lower SES was strongly linked with poorer COPD outcomes across all measured domains among subjects who had broad access to healthcare.
- Black race was related to greater COPD severity, but this was entirely explained by SES and other covariates.
- Black race was associated with poorer exercise performance and lower extremity function, even after controlling for SES.
- Clinicians, researchers and public health professionals should consider race – ethnicity as an important factor in COPD (Eisner, 2011).
In addition, it was noted that culturally specific beliefs regarding cause of disease, acceptance of
acute or chronic medications, medication color, dosage formulation, and route of administration may influence a person’s acceptance and adherence to the prescribed drug and nondrug therapy (Arcangelo, 2017). It is important that nurses respect the values, thoughts, concerns of all patients regardless of ethnic differences.
As a nurse providing care to the patient, it is imperative to perform a thorough patient health assessment, communicate and coordinate care with other interdisciplinary team members. Furthermore, nurses need to understand the disease process to effectively provide care and teaching to patients to help decrease complications. As stated previously, patient teaching is essential. Advise persons with COPD to avoid medications that suppress the respiratory system, including first-generation antihistamines, cough suppressants, narcotics, and tranquilizers (Arcangelo, 2017. Moreover, instruct patients onto stop smoking, take medications as prescribed, energy conservation, oxygen safety (if used), maintaining medical appointments
References
Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V. & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017).
Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Eisner, M.D., Blanc, P.D., Omachi, T.A., Yelin, E.H., Sidney, S., Katz, P.P., Ackerson, L.M.,
Sanchez, G., Tolstykh, I., and Iribarren, C. (2011). Socioeconomic status, race and COPD
health outcomes. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 65(1), 26-34.
http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/emphysema/
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby.
Pathophysiology of COPD
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APA format 2 pages 3 references 2 from walden university library.
As a registered nurse working as a case manager within the home health care setting, I have had the opportunity to …
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Pathophysiology And Nursing Management Of Client Health 19421781
/in Uncategorized /by developerBenchmark – Nursing Process: Approach to Care
The nursing process is a tool that puts knowledge into practice. By utilizing this systematic problem-solving method, nurses can determine the health care needs of an individual and provide personalized care.
Write a paper (1,750-2,000 words) on cancer and approach to care based on the utilization of the nursing process. Include the following in your paper:
You are required to cite to a minimum of four sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.
Benchmark Information
This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competencies:
RN-BSN
2.1: Incorporate liberal arts and science studies into nursing knowledge.
3.1 Utilize the nursing process to provide safe and effective care for patients across the life span.
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Pathophysiology And Nursing Management Of Client Health 19421813
/in Uncategorized /by developerCLC – Evidence-Based Practice Project: Intervention Presentation on Diabetes
This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment.
As a group, identify a research or evidence-based article published within the last 5 years that focuses comprehensively on a specific intervention or new treatment tool for the management of diabetes in adults or children. The article must be relevant to nursing practice.
Create a 10-15 slide PowerPoint presentation on the study’s findings and how they can be used by nurses as an intervention. Include speaker notes for each slide and additional slides for the title page and references.
Include the following:
You are required to cite to a minimum of two sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.
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Pathophysiology And Nursing Management Of Client Health
/in Uncategorized /by developerIdentify a common perceptual, neurological, or cognitive issue and discuss contributing factors. Outline steps for prevention or health promotion for the patient and family.
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Pathophysiology And Nursing Management Of Clients Health
/in Uncategorized /by developerIdentify a cardiac or respiratory issue and outline the key steps necessary to include for prevention and health promotion.
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/in Uncategorized /by developerAPA style , library code to get the information (LIRN) is 24439 and I have the link to my book too
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/in Uncategorized /by developerPathophysiology Disease Paper and Presentation Crushing’s Syndrome
For this assignment you will need to write a 3-page paper (not including title page or bibliography) and give a 5-10 minute presentation to the class on your topic. Make sure to create a concept map to hand out to the class that includes the information stated below. Please add some creativity to your presentation.
In your presentation you will need to include the following and create a concept map as well:
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Etiology of the disease process
Signs and symptoms (manifestations) of the disease process
Treatment of the disease process
Diagnostic test
1-2 nursing diagnosis with interventions
One NCLEX-type question for the class
One interesting piece of information about your disease process found from a reputable source outside of your textbook (this should be included as a citation in your paper. It should also be included on your reference page at the end of your paper).
E
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Pathophysiology In Nursing
/in Uncategorized /by developerIt is necessary for an RN-BSN-prepared nurse to demonstrate an enhanced understanding of the pathophysiological processes of disease, the clinical manifestations and treatment protocols, and how they affect clients across the life span.
Evaluate the Health History and Medical Information for Mrs. J., presented below.
Based on this information, formulate a conclusion based on your evaluation, and complete the Critical Thinking Essay assignment, as instructed below.
Health History and Medical Information
Health History
Mrs. J. is a 63-year-old married woman who has a history of hypertension, chronic heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite requiring 2L of oxygen/nasal cannula at home during activity, she continues to smoke two packs of cigarettes a day and has done so for 40 years. Three days ago, she had sudden onset of flu-like symptoms including fever, productive cough, nausea, and malaise. Over the past 3 days, she has been unable to perform ADLs and has required assistance in walking short distances. She has not taken her antihypertensive medications or medications to control her heart failure for 3 days. Today, she has been admitted to the hospital ICU with acute decompensated heart failure and acute exacerbation of COPD.
Subjective Data
Objective Data
Intervention
The following medications administered through drug therapy control her symptoms:
Critical Thinking Essay
In 750-1,000 words, critically evaluate Mrs. J.’s situation. Include the following:
You are required to cite to a minimum of two sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
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/in Uncategorized /by developerDiscussion: Pain
Post a description of the pathophysiology of acute, chronic, and referred pain, including similarities and differences between them.
Then, explain how GENDER & AGE might impact the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prescription of treatment for acute, chronic, and referred pain.
Include in-text citations and at least 3 references.
FYI: The neurological system affects all parts and functions of the body through nerve stimulation. Nerves also control the sensation and perception of pain. While pain can be described in a variety of ways, it is essentially labeled according to its duration and source. As an advanced practice nurse evaluating a patient, you need to consider the following questions: Does the pain quickly come and go, or is it persistent and ongoing? Does the pain arise at the source of injury or in another location? In this Discussion, you compare three common types of pain—acute, chronic, and referred.
To Prepare
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/in Uncategorized /by developerPathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease
During the last 5 weeks, you have explored various body systems: neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, and hematological. These four systems work together along with other body systems to complete a myriad of functions. For this reason, when disorders occur within one body system, it can create potentially devastating effects throughout the entire body. For instance, Parkinson’s disease is a disorder of the central nervous system, yet its alterations actually affect multiple body systems from the cardiovascular system to the gastrointestinal system. In this Assignment, you examine alterations associated with disorders, as well as the impact of the alterations on multiple body systems.
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Develop a 10- to 15-slide PowerPoint presentation that addresses the following:
See attachment for resources and the beginning of the assignment.
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Pathophysiology Of Copd
/in Uncategorized /by developerReport Issue
APA format 2 pages 3 references 2 from walden university library.
As a registered nurse working as a case manager within the home health care setting, I have had the opportunity to provide care to patients diagnosed with various respiratory disorders. A majority of the patients I have worked with were diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is defined as a common preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases (Huether, 2017). Two important facts regarding this respiratory disorder include the following:
These figures detail the staggering numbers of patients living with COPD and the significant impact on patients, families, communities and the health care system.
During the time that I worked with COPD patients, one of the respiratory disorders of particular interest was emphysema. I wanted to make sure I understood the disease process so I could provide the most appropriate care and teaching to my patients, families and caregivers. Emphysema is abnormal permanent enlargement of gas-exchange airways (acini) accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls without obvious fibrosis (Huether, 2017). Furthermore, the American Lung Association defined emphysema as the gradual damage of lung tissue, specifically thinning and destruction of the alveoli or air sacs (www.lung.org). I often used this definition with patients to help them understand how this respiratory disorder effects the body. The pathophysiology of emphysema includes the following:
Medication management of emphysema varies depending upon severity of the disease. Initial drug therapy selection depends on COPD severity, symptoms, and exacerbation risk. In addition, medication therapy may be based upon Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines which categorized COPD into four groups (A, B, C, D) ranging from low risk, less symptoms to high risk, high symptoms (Arcangelo, 2017). Medications may include the following:
All persons with COPD need first line therapy which includes at least one short-acting bronchodilator for self-management of acute symptoms. In addition, second-line therapy is based upon GOLD recommendations depending upon the group (A, B, C, D) classification of each patient’s health status and disease progression.
Nondrug therapy includes tobacco cessation, avoidance of environmental and occupational irritants, and energy conservation. A variety of drug and nondrug therapies are available for tobacco cessation. All health care professionals should ask every patient at every encounter about tobacco smoking and then advise, assess, assist, and arrange for smoking cessation interventions as appropriate. Outdoor exercise and exertion should be avoided when pollution levels are high or temperatures are extreme.
Ethnicity was the factor reviewed to identify if it had an impact on the pathophysiological process related to emphysema and treatment with prescription medications. One article noted that the factor of ethnicity has a significant impact on COPD and the effects of prescribed drugs.
In addition, it was noted that culturally specific beliefs regarding cause of disease, acceptance of
acute or chronic medications, medication color, dosage formulation, and route of administration may influence a person’s acceptance and adherence to the prescribed drug and nondrug therapy (Arcangelo, 2017). It is important that nurses respect the values, thoughts, concerns of all patients regardless of ethnic differences.
As a nurse providing care to the patient, it is imperative to perform a thorough patient health assessment, communicate and coordinate care with other interdisciplinary team members. Furthermore, nurses need to understand the disease process to effectively provide care and teaching to patients to help decrease complications. As stated previously, patient teaching is essential. Advise persons with COPD to avoid medications that suppress the respiratory system, including first-generation antihistamines, cough suppressants, narcotics, and tranquilizers (Arcangelo, 2017. Moreover, instruct patients onto stop smoking, take medications as prescribed, energy conservation, oxygen safety (if used), maintaining medical appointments
References
Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V. & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017).
Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Eisner, M.D., Blanc, P.D., Omachi, T.A., Yelin, E.H., Sidney, S., Katz, P.P., Ackerson, L.M.,
Sanchez, G., Tolstykh, I., and Iribarren, C. (2011). Socioeconomic status, race and COPD
health outcomes. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 65(1), 26-34.
http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/emphysema/
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby.
Pathophysiology of COPD
Purchase the answer to view it
Try it first(plagiarism check)Buy tutorial $5Save time and money!
Our teachers already did such homework, use it as a reference!
Need response for the post below
APA format 2 pages 3 references 2 from walden university library.
As a registered nurse working as a case manager within the home health care setting, I have had the opportunity to …
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