Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). PD has been traditionally considered as a pure movement disorder secondary to focal degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, but, in recent years, the clinical phenotype has been better illuminated, showing that PD is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motor features. Among motor symptoms and signs, the cardinal ones (bradykinesia, rest tremor, and rigidity) are mainly the loss of dopaminergic neurons, but those involving posture, balance, and gait are largely secondary to degeneration of nondopaminergic pathways and significantly contribute to impairment and disability in advanced PD patients (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). Nonmotor features result from multiple neurotransmitter deficiencies in the central and peripheral nervous system and include psychiatric such as: depression, apathy, hallucinations, and delusions. Autonomic includes constipation, orthostatic hypotension, and urinary and genital disturbances. Cognitive impairment such as: involvement of executive functions, memory, sleep disorders, olfactory dysfunction, and pain that together contribute to worsening the quality of life and patient’s disability (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019).
Cardinal motor features of Parkinson’s disease (PD) include bradykinesia, rest tremor, and rigidity, which appear in the early stages of the disease and largely depend on dopaminergic nigrostriatal denervation (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). Intermediate and advanced PD stages are characterized by motor fluctuations and dyskinesia, which depend on complex mechanisms secondary to severe nigrostriatal loss and to the problems related to oral levodopa absorption, and motor and nonmotor symptoms and signs that are secondary to marked dopaminergic loss and multisystem neurodegeneration with damage to nondopaminergic pathways (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). Nondopaminergic dysfunction results in motor problems, including posture, balance and gait disturbances, and fatigue, and nonmotor problems, encompassing depression, apathy, cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, pain, and autonomic dysfunction. There are a number of symptomatic drugs for PD motor signs, but the pharmacological resources for nonmotor signs and symptoms are limited, and rehabilitation may contribute to their treatment (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019).
Pharmacological therapy is based on levodopa and dopamine agonists and is very successful in the early stages of the disease, when dopaminergic symptoms and signs are predominant and long term motor complications still have not developed, but other treatment strategies are necessary as time passes (Hajj, 2018). Long term levodopa-induced motor complications include motor fluctuations and dyskinesia and affect almost all PD patients at some point during the disease course, with relevant implications in global health status (Hajj, 2018). Despite various pharmacological approaches, as well as more invasive strategies including devices and functional neurosurgery, being available to manage such complications, many patients remain significantly disabled, and a fully satisfying management of motor complications is still an unmet need of PD therapy. Nonmotor symptoms and signs are integral to PD at onset and throughout the disease course, but to date their treatment is largely unsatisfactory (Hajj, 2018).
References
Hajj, R. (2018). Parkinson Disease Therapies and Drugs. Pathology, Prevention and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Disease, 151–158. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0944-1_13
Moore, H., Shpiner, D. S., & Luca, C. C. (2019). Management of Motor Features in Advanced Parkinson Disease. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.09.010
COLLAPSE
Heart Failure
Pathophysiology is a vital discipline in medicine and is generally useful for diagnosis and patient care. The disease-related to pathophysiology is heart failure. Wright and Thomas (2015) explain that pathophysiology in the management of heart failure ensures that patients are optimized on a maximum tolerated dose of medicine to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome whereby the heart is not able to attain the metabolic demands of the body. The reasons underlying the mismatch can be multifactorial. However, the various pathological conditions make the treatments and management of the condition to be complex. Therefore, pathophysiology is essential in minimizing the burden on the condition. Heart failure is on the increase for the past decade leading to the heightening of the adult population to around 1% to 2%. The male population is the greatest affected gender, with an estimated 33% of men above 55 years old having the condition as compared to the 28% in women (Farmakis et al., 2015). Pathophysiology seeks to redress the balance through initiating contemporary measures. However, the measures have become damaging to the diseases and can lead to worsening cardiac output that can result in additional stress to a failing heart.
References
Farmakis, D., Parissis, J., & Filippatos, G. (2015). Acute heart failure: epidemiology, classification, and pathophysiology. Oxford Medicine Online, 2(1), 2-10. doi:10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0051
Wright, P., & Thomas, M. (2018). Pathophysiology and management of heart failure. Clinical Pharmacist, 2(1), 1. doi:10.1211/cp.2018.20205742
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/in Uncategorized /by developerMY ESSAY : TELEHEALTH
PEER ESSAY: HIV
Using the questions below as a guide, write a response:
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One Page Paper 18880299
/in Uncategorized /by developerAPA format. No plagiarism
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One Page Paper 19035973
/in Uncategorized /by developerI need one page paper in nursing, this is the instruction about this one page paper:
Consider the 4 metaparadigm concepts: nursing; person; environment; and health. Select one and articulate your own beliefs, assumptions, and values related to that concept. Describe a personal experience from clinical practice that demonstrates and reflects the beliefs, assumptions, and values you identified. This is your own, personal philosophy; no references should be used. The table below is provided to serve as an instructional guide for this assignment. You should include the following:Identify 1 metapardigm concept from the following: nursing; person; environment; or healthArticulate your personal beliefs, assumptions, and values related to your selected concept Describe a detailed interaction between you and a client or family that depicts the beliefs, assumptions, and values related to your selected concept
*Philosophical Statement Instruction GuideNote: The questions below are designed to help get ideas flowing and are not the only focus of your statement.Nursing (i.e., nursing actions)
What is your definition of nursing?Is the metaparadigm concept nursing an art, a science, or both? Is it a process or a product (set of tasks)?What is nursing mainly (e.g., caring, therapeutic healing, building relationships)?What is the role reflected in nursing (e.g., doing for, being with [being present with], working with)?Where does ethics fit in?Who or what is the object of nursing’s concern?
HealthWhat is your definition of health (e.g., includes absence of disease, ability to perform social roles)?Is health on a continuum?Can clients have a chronic illness and still be termed healthy in your definition of health?What if the client’s view of health and your view of health are different?
PersonWhat is your definition of person (e.g., set of behavioral systems, biopsychosocial and spiritual being, energy field)?Who is the person being nursed (e.g., client, family, community)?What is your definition of person (e.g., set of behavioral systems, biopsychosocial and spiritual being, energy field)?Who is the person being nursed (e.g., client, family, community)?EnvironmentWhat is it? Where is it found?Are there different components to environment (e.g., emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, mainly physical)?Is environment separate from person?What is the nurse’s role in terms of environment?Are there internal and external environments, or is what is internal to a person part of the person?
Description and ExamplesThis whole philosophical statement is a statement of beliefs. However, for the purpose of teasing out and articulating your beliefs, these beliefs are divided into three types: definitions and description, assumptions, and values. Each of these should be written in separate paragraphs to ensure clarity and comprehensiveness.Beliefs: This should be a succinct definition (one or two sentences), followed by a broader description. For example, if part of your definition of person was the person is a biopsychosocial and spiritual being, then each of the component parts (e.g., spiritual being) would be described more fully.Assumptions: A given, something that you take for granted that it is true. Examples are: Humans are rational beings. Individuals desire to work collaboratively with their nurses.Values: Something you consider good (i.e., desirable, worthy, or of esteem). Examples are: All persons are of value and are worthy of respect. Clients should be treated with dignity. Confidentiality and privacy are essential throughout all interactions with clients. Persons should be given choice in their treatment regimens.*adapted from Table 1 in Hernandez, C. A. (2009). Student Articulation of a Nursing Philosophical Statement: An Assignment to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills and Promote Learning. Journal of Nursing Education, 48(6), 343-349.Submission Instructions:Post your content by clicking the “Create Thread” button in the Metaparadigm Concepts: Personal Philosophy Forum. It is recommended that you compose (and spellcheck) your post in Microsoft Word, then copy and paste it into the ‘message’ field. Enter a descriptive title that reflects the ideas of your post In the ‘subject’ field. When replying to your classmates’ posts, be sure you click the “Reply” button below the message to which you intend to reply
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One Page Paper 19399529
/in Uncategorized /by developerDeveloping a philosophy of nursing
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One Page Please
/in Uncategorized /by developerThroughout this term, you have worked on writing an informative essay.
Your essay provides two sides of an argument to allow your reader to decide which viewpoint is more compelling. For this assignment, you get to make your case. Explain which side of the argument from your informative essay has the most compelling case, and argue why your readers should agree with this point of view. Then, in two to three sentences, discuss how the process of trying to persuade differs from the process of being informative.
topic is attached.
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One Page Reflective Paper
/in Uncategorized /by developer1 page- Nursing APA (Due in 30 hours)
What do I think of my caring relationships? What are my thoughts on caring relationships, both professionally and personally, and is there continuity? Have I experienced a caring moment? Did I recognize it when it happened? Do I feel like I could create caring moments now, following this course?
Books:
Smith, M. C. & Turkel, M. C. (2012).
Caring in nursing classics: An essential resource.
New York, NY:
Springer Publishing.
ISBN: 978-0826171115
Book link from google:
https://books.google.com/books?id=yTuv-tEuGE0C&pg=PA181&lpg=PA181&dq=smith+turkel+chapter+10%2Bnursing&source=bl&ots=L7Ahf-svNw&sig=b1eHuI5f9XYoycN5dyitevgoCwE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiJuOew4IbbAhXn6oMKHWorCnYQ6AEIXjAJ#v=onepage&q=smith%20turkel%20chapter%2010%2Bnursing&f=false
Watson, J. (2008).The philosophy and science of caring, revised edition. Boulder, CO: University Press of Colorado.
Book link from google:
https://books.google.com/books?id=A8O9AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT7&dq=jean+watson+chapter+1%2Bnursing&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpjIfk6YbbAhVl4IMKHWimBNgQ6wEISTAF#v=onepage&q=jean%20watson%20chapter%201%2Bnursing&f=false
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One Page Summarycliff Notes About This Nursing Article
/in Uncategorized /by developerFor this project, you will choose a journal article addressing an alternative or complementary therapy or theory of health.
The book or journal article needs to be published within 5 years by a credentialed author(s) and be about a specific CAM therapy not just a general book or article about therapies.
You must read the entire book and post a one (1-2) pages cliff-note of the of the journal article and post a detailed summary of the article.
Instructions
*** You must write a 1 to 2 pages cliff notes ( a summary of the article make sure you talk about all the sub-headings in the article example intro, stroke,HTN
*** make sure is APA STYLE, NO PLAGIARISM, AND SHOULD BE LESS THAN 30% ON TURN IT IN, MUST HAVE A REFERENCE PAGE AND THE ARTICLE SHOULD BE CITED.
*** THE ARTICLE IS THE ONE THAT I ATTACHED IS CALLE “Role of complementary and alternative medicine in geriatric care: A mini review”
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One Reply Each 150 Word Similarities Less 10
/in Uncategorized /by developerParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). PD has been traditionally considered as a pure movement disorder secondary to focal degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, but, in recent years, the clinical phenotype has been better illuminated, showing that PD is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motor features. Among motor symptoms and signs, the cardinal ones (bradykinesia, rest tremor, and rigidity) are mainly the loss of dopaminergic neurons, but those involving posture, balance, and gait are largely secondary to degeneration of nondopaminergic pathways and significantly contribute to impairment and disability in advanced PD patients (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). Nonmotor features result from multiple neurotransmitter deficiencies in the central and peripheral nervous system and include psychiatric such as: depression, apathy, hallucinations, and delusions. Autonomic includes constipation, orthostatic hypotension, and urinary and genital disturbances. Cognitive impairment such as: involvement of executive functions, memory, sleep disorders, olfactory dysfunction, and pain that together contribute to worsening the quality of life and patient’s disability (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019).
Cardinal motor features of Parkinson’s disease (PD) include bradykinesia, rest tremor, and rigidity, which appear in the early stages of the disease and largely depend on dopaminergic nigrostriatal denervation (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). Intermediate and advanced PD stages are characterized by motor fluctuations and dyskinesia, which depend on complex mechanisms secondary to severe nigrostriatal loss and to the problems related to oral levodopa absorption, and motor and nonmotor symptoms and signs that are secondary to marked dopaminergic loss and multisystem neurodegeneration with damage to nondopaminergic pathways (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019). Nondopaminergic dysfunction results in motor problems, including posture, balance and gait disturbances, and fatigue, and nonmotor problems, encompassing depression, apathy, cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, pain, and autonomic dysfunction. There are a number of symptomatic drugs for PD motor signs, but the pharmacological resources for nonmotor signs and symptoms are limited, and rehabilitation may contribute to their treatment (Moore, Shpiner, & Luca, 2019).
Pharmacological therapy is based on levodopa and dopamine agonists and is very successful in the early stages of the disease, when dopaminergic symptoms and signs are predominant and long term motor complications still have not developed, but other treatment strategies are necessary as time passes (Hajj, 2018). Long term levodopa-induced motor complications include motor fluctuations and dyskinesia and affect almost all PD patients at some point during the disease course, with relevant implications in global health status (Hajj, 2018). Despite various pharmacological approaches, as well as more invasive strategies including devices and functional neurosurgery, being available to manage such complications, many patients remain significantly disabled, and a fully satisfying management of motor complications is still an unmet need of PD therapy. Nonmotor symptoms and signs are integral to PD at onset and throughout the disease course, but to date their treatment is largely unsatisfactory (Hajj, 2018).
References
Hajj, R. (2018). Parkinson Disease Therapies and Drugs. Pathology, Prevention and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Disease, 151–158. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0944-1_13
Moore, H., Shpiner, D. S., & Luca, C. C. (2019). Management of Motor Features in Advanced Parkinson Disease. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.09.010
COLLAPSE
Heart Failure
Pathophysiology is a vital discipline in medicine and is generally useful for diagnosis and patient care. The disease-related to pathophysiology is heart failure. Wright and Thomas (2015) explain that pathophysiology in the management of heart failure ensures that patients are optimized on a maximum tolerated dose of medicine to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome whereby the heart is not able to attain the metabolic demands of the body. The reasons underlying the mismatch can be multifactorial. However, the various pathological conditions make the treatments and management of the condition to be complex. Therefore, pathophysiology is essential in minimizing the burden on the condition. Heart failure is on the increase for the past decade leading to the heightening of the adult population to around 1% to 2%. The male population is the greatest affected gender, with an estimated 33% of men above 55 years old having the condition as compared to the 28% in women (Farmakis et al., 2015). Pathophysiology seeks to redress the balance through initiating contemporary measures. However, the measures have become damaging to the diseases and can lead to worsening cardiac output that can result in additional stress to a failing heart.
References
Farmakis, D., Parissis, J., & Filippatos, G. (2015). Acute heart failure: epidemiology, classification, and pathophysiology. Oxford Medicine Online, 2(1), 2-10. doi:10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0051
Wright, P., & Thomas, M. (2018). Pathophysiology and management of heart failure. Clinical Pharmacist, 2(1), 1. doi:10.1211/cp.2018.20205742
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One Reply To Each With 150 Words Similarities Less 10
/in Uncategorized /by developerPlease to be done around 12 hours
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Online Classes 18866189
/in Uncategorized /by developerHAVE 2 ONLINE CLASSES AND NEED A TUTOR TO DO ASSIGNMENTS. CLASSES STARTS MONDAY 5/21. MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY AND LEGALÐICS CONCERNS/MEDICAL OFFICE. WILLING TO PAY WEEKLY.
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