No plagiarism please.
Will need minimum of 150 words for each response, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and and Include: (1 reference for each response within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Discuss the most common screening test and diagnostics used throughout pregnancy and the purpose of the tests. When during pregnancy are tests performed and what is the protocol when an abnormal test or diagnostic is found?
Peer Resp#1
Health care provider may recommend a variety of screenings, tests and imaging techniques during a pregnancy. These tests are designed to provide information about the health of your baby and may help you optimize your child’s prenatal care and development (American Pregnancy Association, 2018). Genetic screening can help diagnose the potential for certain genetic disorders before birth. First-trimester screening is a combination of fetal ultrasound and maternal blood testing. This screening process can help determine the risk of the fetus having certain birth defects. Second trimester prenatal screening may include several blood tests called multiple markers. These markers provide information about the risk of having a baby with certain genetic conditions or birth defects. The ultrasounds can be performed at different times during the pregnancy to check for fetal growth, estimate the due date and look for any structural abnormalities in the baby. Additional testing during pregnancy may include amniocentesis, chronic villus, sample (CVS) and fetal monitoring glucose testing and Group B strep culture. Many genetic abnormalities can be diagnosed before birth (American Pregnancy Association, 2018) . Therefore, the PCP or midwife may recommend genetic testing during pregnancy in case there is a family history of genetic disorders. other reason may also be to have genetic screening when the fetus or baby has a genetic abnormality.
Depending on the situation if an abnormal screening test comes the patient should be aware of and counsel the risk of having the baby and the percentage of survival of the fetus. It will be up to the parents of the unborn child to decide whether they should continue with the pregnancy. I have seen a patient who was advised to end the pregnancy because of the high risk of the death of the mother. depending on the situation, some parents may choose to abort the baby. for example, this who recently found that she was 8—9 weeks pregnant via ultrasound for the fifth time, the patient who had 3 c sections 4 living children and was pregnant for the fifth her last baby was 10 months old. The physician had to explain the high risk of having a hysterectomy right after given birth and risk of bleeding to death.
Peer Resp#2
Pregnancy is a cascade of miracles occurring one after another. The development of a growing embryo to a fetus to a full-term infant involves constant replication of cells and therefore any delivery of a healthy baby is truly a miracle. Gestation typically last 40 weeks and is broken down into trimesters (i.e. 1st – 0-12 weeks, 2nd – 13-28 weeks, 3rd – 29 weeks to delivery). Women typically request pregnancy testing, either at home or at their primary care provider’s office, when they have either missed a menstrual cycle or are having symptoms of pregnancy (i.e. nausea, breast tenderness, etc.). These tests are designed to measure human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), which is a hormone secreted by the placenta once a fertilized egg implants within the uterine lining (Mayo Clinic, 2018).
Because pregnancy is not a benign condition, many screening tests can be completed in order to identify any potential issues with the growing fetus (i.e. birth defects, low weight, etc.) at the earliest possible stage.
During the first trimester, the following tests can be ordered:
- Maternal blood screen to test for HCG and pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A). If either of these results are elevated, there can be an increased probability for chromosomal disorders. Blood typing also occurs at this time and if the mother is RH negative will need a Rhogam injection at 28 weeks and immediately after childbirth.
- Ultrasound in the first trimester can be used to look for anomalies such as fluid behind the fetus’ neck or presence of a nasal bone and is considered the most accurate method to determine estimated delivery date (EDD). These two screening methods can accurately provide evidence of Trisomy 18 or 21 (Down Syndrome) (John Hopkins Medicine, 2016).
During the second trimester the following tests can be ordered:
- Between 15-20 weeks, a Quad screen tests for the presence of 4 proteins (alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), HCG, Estriol and Inhibin-A.
- Between 18-20 weeks, an anomaly ultrasound can be completed to determine size of the fetus and identification of any birth defects (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017).
During the third trimester, the following tests can be ordered:
- Oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT) to determine whether the patient has developed gestational diabetes (GDM) can be completed during the 24-28 weeks. If found to have GDM, patient will need to be educated on diet changes and potentially get started on metformin.
- Group beta strep (GBS) can be tested for during the 35-37 weeks. If positive, IV antibiotics will need to be administered prior to delivery of the child.
- Tdap for anyone who will be in contact with the infant to protect against pertussis and the influenza vaccine to protect against influenza.
If any of the genetic testing results in an anomaly, further diagnostic testing can take place. These types of additional testing include amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and can help differentiate between the exact genetic anomaly exists (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017).
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Mn569 Discussion Board State Board Of Nursing Nurse Practitioner Documentation Guidelines
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and and Include: 3 references (2015-2018) with intext citations.
Topic:
Medical record documentation is required to record pertinent facts, findings, and observations about an individual’s health history, including past and present illnesses, tests, treatments, and outcomes. The medical record chronologically documents the care of the patient and is an important element contributing to high-quality safe care.
Discuss your(FLORIDA) State Board of Nursing nurse practitioner documentation guidelines and how this can impact your level of reimbursement in the clinical setting.
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Mn576 Advanced Practice Nursing Discussion Board Baby Boomers And Hepatitis C Test Guidelines
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Discussion:
Both the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend that all “baby boomers” – people born from 1945 through 1965 – get a hepatitis C test.
Discuss the change in these guidelines,
who is at risk, and the ramifications for individuals that contract hepatitis C. and are not identified and treated.
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Mn576 Advanced Practice Nursing Discussion Board Causes Of Pelvic Pain
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Pelvic pain can be acute or chronic and can be caused by any number of conditions. In primary care, nurse practitioners should be able to outline the basic approach to initial evaluation of and management of these disorders.
Discussion:
There are many causes of pelvic pain. Select one of the causes of pelvic pain and describe the symptoms. (Uterine fibroids).
Why and who would you refer this patient to for consultation?
What are the steps to writing a referral and what is the NP’s responsibility for follow up?
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Mn576 Advanced Practice Nursing Discussion Board Compare Contraception Methods
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Many elements need to be considered individually by a woman, man, or couple when choosing the most appropriate contraceptive method. Some of these elements include safety, effectiveness, availability (including accessibility and affordability), and acceptability. Although most contraceptive methods are safe for use by most women, U.S. MEC provides recommendations on the safety of specific contraceptive methods for women with certain characteristics and medical conditions.
Directions:
Compare and contrast two forms of contraception including:
indications,
contraindications,
side effects,
US Medical Eligibility Criteria (USMRC),
US Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use (USSPR), affordability, and mechanisms of action.
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Mn576 Advanced Practice Nursing Discussion Board Fibrocystic Breast
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
t’s not at all uncommon to have fibrocystic breasts. More than half of women experience fibrocystic breast changes at some point in their lives. In fact, medical professionals have stopped using the term “fibrocystic breast disease” and now simply refer to “fibrocystic breasts” or “fibrocystic breast changes” because having fibrocystic breasts isn’t really a disease. Breast changes categorized as fibrocystic are considered normal.
Discussion:
1. Discuss the symptoms and cause of fibrocystic breasts
2. Diagnosis and treatment of women who present with fibrocystic breast.
Include patient education, suggested lifestyle changes and recommended self-management
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Mn576 Advanced Practice Nursing Discussion Board Menopause
/in Uncategorized /by developerWill need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Although the menopause transition is primarily thought of as a normal physiological transition, it is a time that encompasses the period of time when women are experiencing changes in the menstrual cycle reflective of endocrine changes.
The physiologic processes can be difficult for providers to describe. In 2001, the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) developed a standardized approach to menopause terminology.
Discussion:
Please discuss the STRAW and the STRAW +10 definitions and why it is important for providers to have common language when communicating about the stages of menopause.
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Mn576 Advanced Practice Nursing Discussion Board Pregnancy Screening Tests
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Pregnancy is the period of time when a fetus develops inside a woman’s uterus and ends with the birth of the infant. There are a variety of clinical laboratory tests and diagnostics typically used prior to and throughout pregnancy. The tests and diagnostics provide useful information from the time pregnancy is first considered through the initial days of the newborn’s life.
Discussion: (use headings with answers)
Discuss the most common screening test and diagnostics used throughout pregnancy and the purpose of the tests.
When during pregnancy are tests performed?
What is the protocol when an abnormal test or diagnostic is found?
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Mn576 Advanced Practice Nursing Discussion Board Women Wellness And Disease Affecting Women Health
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Healthcare for women in the primary care setting requires up-to-date, gender-specific knowledge regarding disease prevention and disease management. An average female has a life expectancy of eighty two years old. In spite of that, there are several health problems in women that need to be addressed and given attention at every primary care visit.
Discussion:
Discuss a primary care-focused visit devoted to wellness and or disease affecting women and health-enhancing strategies that you would include in the visit.
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Mn576 Discussion Board Common Screening Tests During Pregnancy Peer Response
/in Uncategorized /by developerNo plagiarism please.
Will need minimum of 150 words for each response, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and and Include: (1 reference for each response within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Discuss the most common screening test and diagnostics used throughout pregnancy and the purpose of the tests. When during pregnancy are tests performed and what is the protocol when an abnormal test or diagnostic is found?
Peer Resp#1
Health care provider may recommend a variety of screenings, tests and imaging techniques during a pregnancy. These tests are designed to provide information about the health of your baby and may help you optimize your child’s prenatal care and development (American Pregnancy Association, 2018). Genetic screening can help diagnose the potential for certain genetic disorders before birth. First-trimester screening is a combination of fetal ultrasound and maternal blood testing. This screening process can help determine the risk of the fetus having certain birth defects. Second trimester prenatal screening may include several blood tests called multiple markers. These markers provide information about the risk of having a baby with certain genetic conditions or birth defects. The ultrasounds can be performed at different times during the pregnancy to check for fetal growth, estimate the due date and look for any structural abnormalities in the baby. Additional testing during pregnancy may include amniocentesis, chronic villus, sample (CVS) and fetal monitoring glucose testing and Group B strep culture. Many genetic abnormalities can be diagnosed before birth (American Pregnancy Association, 2018) . Therefore, the PCP or midwife may recommend genetic testing during pregnancy in case there is a family history of genetic disorders. other reason may also be to have genetic screening when the fetus or baby has a genetic abnormality.
Depending on the situation if an abnormal screening test comes the patient should be aware of and counsel the risk of having the baby and the percentage of survival of the fetus. It will be up to the parents of the unborn child to decide whether they should continue with the pregnancy. I have seen a patient who was advised to end the pregnancy because of the high risk of the death of the mother. depending on the situation, some parents may choose to abort the baby. for example, this who recently found that she was 8—9 weeks pregnant via ultrasound for the fifth time, the patient who had 3 c sections 4 living children and was pregnant for the fifth her last baby was 10 months old. The physician had to explain the high risk of having a hysterectomy right after given birth and risk of bleeding to death.
Peer Resp#2
Pregnancy is a cascade of miracles occurring one after another. The development of a growing embryo to a fetus to a full-term infant involves constant replication of cells and therefore any delivery of a healthy baby is truly a miracle. Gestation typically last 40 weeks and is broken down into trimesters (i.e. 1st – 0-12 weeks, 2nd – 13-28 weeks, 3rd – 29 weeks to delivery). Women typically request pregnancy testing, either at home or at their primary care provider’s office, when they have either missed a menstrual cycle or are having symptoms of pregnancy (i.e. nausea, breast tenderness, etc.). These tests are designed to measure human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), which is a hormone secreted by the placenta once a fertilized egg implants within the uterine lining (Mayo Clinic, 2018).
Because pregnancy is not a benign condition, many screening tests can be completed in order to identify any potential issues with the growing fetus (i.e. birth defects, low weight, etc.) at the earliest possible stage.
During the first trimester, the following tests can be ordered:
During the second trimester the following tests can be ordered:
During the third trimester, the following tests can be ordered:
If any of the genetic testing results in an anomaly, further diagnostic testing can take place. These types of additional testing include amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and can help differentiate between the exact genetic anomaly exists (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017).
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Mn576 Discussion Board Depression Substance Abuse
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Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and Include: (3 references within years 2015-2018) with intext citations.
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder in children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Primary care providers, not mental health professionals, treat the majority of patients with symptoms of depression. Persons who are depressed have feelings of sadness, loneliness, irritability, worthlessness, hopelessness, agitation, and guilt that may be accompanied by an array of physical symptoms as well as substance abuse. Identifying patients with depression and substance abuse can be difficult in busy primary care settings where time is limited, but certain depression/substance abuse screening tools may help diagnose the disorder.
Discussion:
Discuss a screening tool that can be used in the primary care setting that can help with the identification of patients with depression and or substance abuse. What is your responsibility as a primary care provider to this patient once a disorder has been identified?
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