Need an research paper on obamacare. the achievements of our founding fathers. Needs to be 10 pages. Please no plagiarism. Discussion Before we embark further into the debate, it is important to learn, understand, and recall the achievements of our founding Fathers and the knowledge and experience that inspired them to establish this nature and type of government. It also important to understand and recall the origins and characters of the United States constitution and the structure of government and the rights and privileges of citizenship that is inherent in the constitution. The American constitution was drafted and promulgated in 1787.1 The early framers and formulators of the United States constitution had experienced dark and hard times under the previous despotic central government system that was dominated by tyranny and oppression. In view of the above, they devised and entrenched a system of government into the constitution that was divided with each having a clear cut jurisdiction and mandate. The framers of the constitution were keen to divide the power of the government through the constitution. a three tier system of government structure was established.2 United States constitution created the federal system of government in which power was shared between the federal government and the state governments. It is important to note that the power sharing structure deviates from the centralized government structure that is present in United Kingdom in which the national government maintains and controls power. Free government as proposed and understood by the founders of the nation was to restrict and structure the powers of the government with a view of securing and articulating rights in the declaration of independence, preventing tyranny, and preserving liberty. In order to achieve the above aspirations, the remedy was the creation of a strong, energetic government that had limited authority. Consequently, the powers of the government were enumerated in a written constitution, separated into different functions, responsibilities, and were further divided into the powers of federal/national government and state governments.2 The three forms of government that have been established under the United States Constitution include a federal government with three independent branches: executive, legislative and judiciary.1 The powers and functions of the above branches of the federal government are outlined in the constitution and further specified and delineated through laws that are enacted by the constitution. It is important to understand the circumstances and the reasons that led to the drafting and formulation of the constitution in relation to the functions of the government as regards its citizens. The constitution was drafted at a time when majority of Americans were expressing resentment and distrust in the central government that was authoritarian and tyrant in nature. The problem of a strong and autocratic government was further compounded by the overlapping ideas and rivalry of different states. The role of the United States constitution was, therefore, to limit the power of government over the individual, and the debate has ensued on how far such power may be extended. Initially, all the states in America had their own national congress and continental army, and they controlled their fiscal and political sovereignty.

 

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Need an research paper on oil in north america. Needs to be 4 pages. Please no plagiarism. This short article is a review of a much longer book on the subject of the American strategic petroleum reserve which was first created after the first oil crisis of 1973-1974. Van Doren acknowledges the factual account of what happened following the decision to create such a reserve, but his review focuses mainly on the political dimension of oil policies in the United Sates from the mid-1970s until the present day. Successive presidents adopted varying strategies, sometimes using government resources to fill up the reserve, and sometimes halting this process when deficits in the budget squeezed their ability to spend freely. The impact of the Kuwait war is mentioned, and specifically as a brief interlude when the reserve was actually used up partially, and although there was an immediate drop in the price of oil , Van Doren comments that this was probably not connected with the use of the strategic reserve.

 

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Need an research paper on organization theory and interorganizational strategies. Needs to be 1 page. Please no plagiarism.

The managers of the organization would first consider the savings in the costs of the transaction of a specific linkage mechanism and compare these with the bureaucratic costs. This would go a long way in helping the organization to determine the interorganizational strategy that would help bring the bureaucratic costs and the transaction costs to the barest minimum. The organization must also consider the location of the sources of the cost of a transaction that could have an effect on the trade relationship. This would help the organization to determine the exact cost of the transaction and would also help them to choose the organization actions that would help minimize the costs of these transactions (Jones 82-83).

Organizations also take into consideration the several linkage mechanisms that would be used in estimating the costs of the transaction before choosing the interorganizational strategies. The bureaucratic costs of running the linkage mechanism are also considered before choosing interorganizational strategies. The organization would then consider the most suitable linkage mechanism that gives the lowest bureaucratic costs and savings in the cost of transaction at the same time. These are the factors that organizations consider before choosing the inter-organizational strategies that would help reduce bureaucratic and transaction costs (Jones 83).

 

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Need an research paper on overview of labor in american society. Needs to be 2 pages. Please no plagiarism. Book Reviews From the folks who brought you the weekend: A short, illustrated history of labor in the United s”.(Murolo and Chitty, 2003).

Purpose

This book written by Priscilla Murolo and A.B. Chitty was published in 2003. The book intends to provide the readers with concise details American labor history. The main purpose of this book is to illustrate how the working class in the United States has been treated by capitalists throughout the country’s history.

Focus

The book focuses on the people, places, events, and social conditions that caused the evolution of organized labor in contemporary Silicon Valley. The authors try to depict the workers’ struggles over the past centuries and the contributions of women, African Americans, Native Americans, immigrants, and minorities.

Perspective

Throughout the book, the authors express their strong protest against the evils of slavery and extreme capitalistic notions. They hold the view that managements’ dream of cheap labor has greatly contributed to the emergence of slavery. In the words of Murolo and Chitty, management had wider options to apply power over the employees (176). In short, the book argues for labor’s wellbeing or condemns managements’ inhumane financial interests.

2. “Sweatshop Warriors: Immigrant women workers take on the global factory”. (Ching and Louie. 2001).

Purpose

This book written by Miriam Ching and Yoon Louie was published in 2001 by South End Press. According to the authors, the purpose of this book is to give voice to “the immigrant women workers who are barred from board rooms where deals get cut. whose stories end up on cutting room floors. who get punished for telling the truth. who are asked to speak only as victims, not as the trail blazers they truly are” (Ching and Louie, 3).

Focus

In this book, the authors give major focus on the struggle of immigrant women workers during the growth and spread of capitalism. The authors try to cover the events related to immigrant women’s confrontations in a stiffly competitive labor market.

Perspective

The writers strongly argue that self organization is the key policy to successfully vie with exploitation and abuse faced by those at the bottom of the economic ladder. The authors express their disinterest toward management perception that suppresses immigrant workers’ basic requirements.

3. “State of the unions: How labor can strengthen the middle class, improve our economy, and regain political influence”. (Dine, 2007).

Purpose

The 2007 published Philip M. Dine’s book analyzes the intensity of the influence of labor in the economic as well as political spectrum of a country.

Focus

The book reflects the experiences of the author from his riveting journey through America’s cities and back roads. In this book, the author precisely illustrates how the political, economical, and social trends are impacted by the contributions of labors. The author also says that the union members strive to make their voices heard in a political spectrum which has been structured by corporate interests.

Perspective

This book supports the traditional economic view that labor is the basis for an economy. Dine strongly argues that labors must get better working conditions and living standards as they determine the future of an economy (55). The writer also holds the view that excessive labor abuse would impede the nation’s overall economic growth.

Works Cited

Ching, Miriam and Louie, Yoon. Sweatshop Warriors: Immigrant women workers take on the global factory. South End Press, 2001 South End Press, 2001.

Dine, Philip M. State of the unions: How labor can strengthen the middle class, improve our economy, and regain political influence. McGraw Hill, 2007.

Murolo, Priscilla and Chitty, A.B. From the folks who brought you the weekend: A short, illustrated history of labor in the United States. New Press, 2003.

 

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Need an research paper on pakistan not a failed state. Needs to be 38 pages. Please no plagiarism. The government of a failed state is unable to enforce law and order and is incapable to meet the public needs such as health, education, etc. A state fails when it does tick all those six boxes. Six elements are assumed natural to the problems. For instance, a country like Pakistan cannot govern because people are closely connected with tribal and ethnic diversity where it leads automatically to state failure. Critically, we can see indicators put forward by organizations and how one indicator is better than the other is. Failed state index lists out indicators and then proposes solutions such as aid to certain groups and that is taking a snapshot. However, recently, they have replaced the word ‘failed state’ with ‘fragile state’ 2 because of the critique over the last few years. In the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 attack, security became a key concern for policymakers following civil war countries like Somalia and Afghanistan. They posed a great threat to the world’s security systems. Somalia maintained top spot on the failed state list and has witnessed many years of lawlessness, chaos, radical movements, piracy, low economic growth, infant mortality, and high humanitarian crises. In the last five years, Somalia has been continuously occupying the top position on the map of the failed state index. Crucially, there is a lack of consensus between academics while defining the notion of the failed states. Sue Pleming’s definition of state failure is “weak state as one lacking the capacity to establish and maintain political institutions, to secure their populations from violent conflict and control their territories.”3 However, Washington based Brooking Institution identified four elements involved in state failure, which are ‘economic, security, political and social welfare’4. Similarly, the political scientists Robert Rotberg and William Zartman are leading authorities on the subject of the failed state and they define state failure as a situation “when the basic functions of the state are no longer performed.

 

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