Near the end of “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,” Harriet Jacobs writes:

“The bill of sale!” Those words struck me like a blow. So I was sold at last! A human being sold in the free city of New York! The bill of sale is on record, and future generations will learn from it that women were articles of traffic in New York, late in the nineteenth century of the Christian religion. It may hereafter prove a useful document to antiquaries, who are seeking to measure the progress of civilization in the United States. I well know the value of that bit of paper; but much as I love freedom, I do not like to look upon it.”

Having read this, what do her carefully chosen words in this passage tell you about her view of America and of herself?

 

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1. Near the surface of the moon, the distance that an object falls is a function of time. It is given by d(t)=1.6t^2 , where t is in seconds and d(t) is in meters. If an object is dropped from a certain height, find the average velocity of the object from t = 2 to t = 5.   

 

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Nearing the end of the semester, it is now time for students to reflect on the knowledge obtained in their course(s) and determine the effectiveness of incorporating real-world experience into our academic curriculum. Please complete the survey/reflection to the best of your ability.  

Courses Taken this semester: 1) Data science and big data analytics

                                              2) emerging threats and countermeasuresStudents should;

• Be able to apply knowledge and theory gained in the above courses of study within current workplace or in their future employment.
• Be able demonstrate the application of theory to workplace in written form.
• Be able to identify the benefits of incorporating real-world experience into an academic program.

 

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6. Nearsightedness Study

Myopia, or nearsightedness, results from a number of genetic and environmental factors. In 1999, Quinn et al studied the relation between myopia and ambient lighting at night (for example, from nightlights or room lights) during childhood.

Question 1. The data were gathered by the following procedure, reported in the study. “Between January and June 1998, parents of children aged 2-16 years […] that were seen as outpatients in a university pediatric ophthalmology clinic completed a questionnaire on the child’s light exposure both at present and before the age of 2 years.” Was this study observational, or was it a controlled experiment? Explain.

Answer:

Question 2. The study found that of the children who slept with a room light on before the age of 2, 55% were myopic. Of the children who slept with a night light on before the age of 2, 34% were myopic. Of the children who slept in the dark before the age of 2, 10% were myopic. The study concluded that, “The prevalence of myopia […] during childhood was strongly associated with ambient light exposure during sleep at night in the first two years after birth.”

Do the data support this statement? You may interpret “strongly” in any reasonable qualitative way.

Asnwer:

Question 3. On May 13, 1999, CNN reported the results of this study under the headline, “Night light may lead to nearsightedness.” Does the conclusion of the study claim that night light causes nearsightedness?

Answer:

Question 4. The final paragraph of the CNN report said that “several eye specialists” had pointed out that the study should have accounted for heredity.

Myopia is passed down from parents to children. It’s also reasonable to suppose that myopic parents are more likely to leave lights on in their children’s rooms than other parents. In what way does the knowledge of this possible genetic link affect how we consider the data?

Answer:

7. Studying the Survivors

The Reverend Henry Whitehead was skeptical of John Snow’s conclusion about the Broad Street pump. After the Broad Street cholera epidemic ended, Whitehead set about trying to prove Snow wrong. (The history of the event is detailed here.)

He realized that Snow had focused his analysis almost entirely on those who had died. Whitehead, therefore, investigated the drinking habits of people in the Broad Street area who had not died in the outbreak.

What is the main reason it was important to study this group?

1) If Whitehead had found that many people had drunk water from the Broad Street pump and not caught cholera, that would have been evidence against Snow’s hypothesis.

2) Survivors could provide additional information about what else could have caused the cholera, potentially unearthing another cause.

3) Through considering the survivors, Whitehead could have identified a cure for cholera.

In [ ]:

= …

In [ ]:

= ok.grade()

Note: Whitehead ended up finding further proof that the Broad Street pump played the central role in spreading the disease to the people who lived near it. Eventually, he became one of Snow’s greatest defenders.

 

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