Muhammad Signs A Treaty With The Jews Of Medina Muhammad The Constitution Of Med

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MUHAMMAD, The Constitution of Medina (ca. 625)

The Messenger of God [Muhammad] wrote a document, concerning the emigrants from Mecca and the helpers of Medina, in which he reconciled the Jews and covenanted with them, letting them act freely in the religion and possessions which they had, and stated reciprocal obligations.

In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate!

This document is from Muhammad the Prophet, governing relations among the Believers and the Muslims of Quraysh [Mecca] and Yathrib (Medina) and those who followed them and joined with them and struggled with them.

  1. They are one Community (umma) to the exclusion of all other men. . . .
  2. The Believers shall not desert any poor person among them, but shall pay his redemption or blood-money, as is proper.
  3. No Believer shall seek to turn the auxiliary of another Believer against him.
  4. God-fearing Believers will be against whoever among them is rebellious or whoever seeks to sow injustice or sin or enmity among the Believers; every man’s hand shall be against him, though he were the son of one of them.
  5. No Believer shall kill a Believer for the sake of an unbeliever, or aid an unbeliever against a Believer.
  6. The protection of God is one: even the least of them may extend it to a stranger. The Believers are friends to each other, to the exclusion of all other men.
  7. The Jews who follow us shall have aid and equality, except those who do wrong or aid the enemies of the Muslims.
  8. The peace of the Believers is one: no Believer shall make peace separately where there is fighting for God’s sake. Conditions (of peace) must be just and equitable to all.
  9. In every raid, the riders shall ride close together.
  10. And the Believers shall avenge one another’s blood, if shed for God’s sake, for the God-fearing have the best and strongest guidance.
  11. No idolator [polytheist] (of Medina) shall take Qurayshi property or persons under his protection, nor shall he turn anyone against a Believer.
  12. Whoever kills a Believer shall also be killed, unless the next of kin of the slain man is otherwise satisfied, and the Believers shall be against him altogether; no one is permitted to act otherwise.
  13. No Believer who accepts this document and believes in God and Judgment is permitted to aid a criminal or give him shelter. The curse of God and His wrath on the Day of Judgment shall fall upon whoever aids or shelters him, and no repentance or compensation shall be accepted from him if he does.
  14. Whenever you differ about a case, it shall be referred to God and to Muhammad.
  15. The Jews shall bear expenses with the Muslims as long as they fight along with them.
  16. The Jews of the Banu ‘Awf [one Jewish tribe] are one community with the Believers; the Jews have their religion and the Muslims have theirs. This is so for them and their clients, except for one who does wrong or treachery; he hurts only himself and his family. . . .
  17. Everyone shall have his portion from the side to which he belongs; the Jews of al-Aws [another Jewish tribe], their clients and themselves, are in the same position as the people of this document. Honorable dealing is without treachery.
  18. Whoever acquires any (guilt) does not acquire it for any but himself. God is the most just and loyal fulfiller of what is in this document. This writing will not protect a wrongdoer or a traitor. Whoever goes out is safe, and he who stays at home is safe in the town, unless he has done wrong or treachery. God is the protecting neighbor (jar) of whoever does good and fears Him, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God. Verily God is wrathful when His covenant is broken. Peace be upon you.

J. A. Williams, Themes in Islamic Civilization (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1971), 11-15.

QUESTIONS

  1. How is God (Allah) described in these passages? What Muslim religious practices do they reveal?
  2. What is the fate for believers and unbelievers? In what ways does this contradict or support the idea of a compassionate, merciful God?
  3. What does this selection say about religious violence? What about nonreligious violence?
  4. How does the Qur’an describe Jews and Christians? How does this selection criticize their beliefs? How is Islam connected to Judaism and Christianity? What is the role of religion in administering justice for Muhammad and the tribes of Medina?
  5. How is the relationship between Jews and Muslims defined here? What could negatively affect that relationship?
  6. Muhammad, unlike Jesus, was a secular ruler in addition to being a religious teacher. How may this have affected his teachings? How do Muslims understand their relationship to God? How do their views on this subject compare to those of Jews and Christians?
  7. Drawing on the documents in this chapter, what evidence is there to explain the success of Islam? What factors might have influenced people to convert to Islam?
 
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Mulcahey Builders Mb Remodels Office Buildings In Low Income Urban Areas That Ar

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Mulcahey Builders (MB) remodels office buildings in low-income urban areas that are undergoing economic revitalization. MB typically accepts a 25% down payment when they complete a job and a note which requires that the remainder be paid in three equal installments over the next three years, plus interest. Because of the inherent uncertainty associated with receiving these payments, MB has historically used the cost recovery method to recognize revenue.

 
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Muliple Access Techniques Include Introduction Narrowband Channelized Systems Fr

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muliple access techniques includeIntroduction Narrowband Channelized Systems Frequency Division Multiple Access Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Time Division Multiple AccessDuplex (TDD) System Spectral Efficiency Spectral Efficiency of Modulation Multiple Access Spectral Efficiency Overall Spectral Efficiency of FDMA and TDMA Systems Wideband Systems 163 Comparisons of FDMA, TDMA, and DS-CDMA Capacity of DS-CDMA System Comparison of DS-CDMA vs. TDMA System Capacity Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum with M-ary Frequency Shift Keying Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Multicarrier DS-CDMA (MC-DS-CDMA) Random Access Methods Pure ALOHA Slotted ALOHA Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) Idle Signal Casting Multiple Access Packet Reservation Multiple Access Error Control Schemes for Link Layer Summary

 
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Mullen Equipment Company Both Lease And Sell Its Equipment To Its Customers The

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Mullen equipment company both lease and sell its equipment to its customers. The most popular line of equipment includes a machine that costs $280,000 to mnufacture. The standard lease terms provide for five annual payments of $110,000 each (excluding executaory cost), with the first payment due when the lease is signed and subsequent payments due on Dec 31 of each year. The implicit rate of interest in the contract is 10% per year. Walton Tool Co. leases one of these machines on Jan 2, 2011, to obtain the lease. Walton’s incremental borrowings rate is determined to be 12%. The equipment is very specialized, and it is assumned it will have no salvage value after 5 years. Assume that the lease qualifies as a capital lease and a sale-type lease for lessee and lessor, respectively. Also assume that both the lessee and the lessor are on a calendar-year basis and that the lesee is aware of the lessor’s implicit interest rate. 1. Give entries required on Walton’s books to record the lease of equipment fromMulen for the year 2011. The depreciation on owned equipemnt is computed once a year on a straight-line basis.2. Give entries required on Mullen’s books to record the lease of equipment to Walton for the year 2011.3. Prepare balance sheet section involving lease balances for the lesse’s and lessor’s financial statement at Dec 31,20114. Determine the amount of expenses Walton will report relataive to the lease for 2011 and the amount of revenue Mullen will report for the same period.

 
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Mullet Technologies Is Considering Whether Or Not To Refund A 225 Million 14 Cou

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Mullet Technologies is considering whether or not to refund a $225 million, 14% coupon, 30-year bond issue that was sold 5 years ago. It is amortizing $6 million of flotation costs on the 14% bonds over the issue’s 30-year life. Mullet’s investment banks have indicated that the company could sell a new 25-year issue at an interest rate of 11% in today’s market. Neither they nor Mullet’s management anticipate that interest rates will fall below 11% any time soon, but there is a chance that rates will increase.

A call premium of 9% would be required to retire the old bonds, and flotation costs on the new issue would amount to $3 million. Mullet’s marginal federal-plus-state tax rate is 40%. The new bonds would be issued 1 month before the old bonds are called, with the proceeds being invested in short-term government securities returning 5% annually during the interim period.

A. Conduct a complete bond refunding analysis. What is the bond refunding’s NPV? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent.

 
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Mulligan Manufacturing Mm Is A Fast Growing Firm With Expected Earnings Of 3 Mil

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Mulligan Manufacturing (MM) is a fast growing firm with expected earnings of $3 million next year. MM expects

earnings to grow 10% per year indefinitely and MM’s cost of capital is 14%. MM has creative accounts, so it pays no taxes. What is the market value of MM? If MM has no debt, then what is its P/E ratio? If MM has $25 million in debt with an interest rate of 8% (cost of capital (WACC) remains 14%), what is the new P/E ratio?

 
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Mullineaux Corporation Has A Target Capital Structure Of 49 Percent Common Stock

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Mullineaux Corporation has a target capital structure of 49 percent common stock, 6 percent preferred stock, and 45 percent debt. Its cost of equity is 12 percent, the cost of preferred stock is 7.6 percent, and the cost of debt is 9.6 percent. The relevant tax rate is 31 percent.Mullineaux’s WACC is ?

 
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Mullineaux Corporation Has A Target Capital Structure Of 60 Percent Common Stock

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Mullineaux Corporation has a target capital structure of 60 percent common stock, 15 percent preferred stock, and 25 percent debt. Its cost of equity is 11 percent, the cost of preferred stock is 6 percent, and the pretax cost of debt is 8 percent. The relevant tax rate is 38 percent.

a.What is the company’s WACC?

b.What is the aftertax cost of debt?

 
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Multi Family Fire Scenario For This Assignment Research A Multi Family Fire Desc

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Multi-Family Fire Scenario

For this Assignment, research a multi-family fire.

Describe at least four fire control principles and an incident command system that were applied to the incident. What fire control principles would you have applied this type of fire? You should include hose line selection, resources needed (deployment of personnel and equipment the incident command system), and strategy and tactics.

Note: This Assignment will require outside research. Use at least two credible sources beyond the text material and assigned Reading. Also, discuss how you evaluated the credibility of the resources used. You may consult the Online Library, the Internet, the textbook, other course material, and any other outside resources in supporting your task, using proper citations in APA style.

Paper Format

•The paper is to be completed in APA format.

•Page length is 3–4 pages of text. This does not include the title page or the references section.

 
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Multicultural Case Studynote If You Have Not Done So Please Read The Course Proj

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Multicultural Case Study

Note: If you have not done so, please read the course project information to understand how all the course assignments interconnect.

Introduction

At some point in your career, you will encounter a multicultural issue. It may be a conflict with a supervisor or a problem with one of your colleagues or clients. You may experience the use of hate speech in the professional work setting or feel marginalized because of one of your cultural identities. A conflict may involve an individual, an entire agency, or an institution.

In this assignment, you will:

  • Create a multicultural conflict that could occur within your psychology specialization. The details of this conflict may be drawn from real life or imagined, but the conflict must involve your actual cultural identities, which you analyzed in the Unit 1 assignment, Self-Reflection: Using the Hays ADDRESSING Model. This conflict will involve one or more people you could encounter in your work who have several points of cultural difference with you. An agency, business, or institution could also be part of the conflict.
  • Analyze the multicultural issues that are present and consult scholarly literature to develop strategies or techniques that you can use to navigate the conflict. This assignment will help you think critically about uncomfortable situations that you may encounter in your career as a psychologist and prepare you to respond effectively in such situations.

The deliverable is a PowerPoint presentation of a case study that could be given in a professional context. A case study is an in-depth report and analysis of events, activities, or processes involving one or more people or a situation. Case studies are examined in academic contexts to prepare learners for the challenges they will face in professional practice. Working psychologists continue to consult with colleagues on case studies to improve their professional competencies.

Instructions

Complete the Multicultural Case Study Template linked in Resources for this assignment. Replace all bracketed language […] in the PowerPoint template with your own words.

  • You may wish to enhance the design of the presentation to make it more effective. For guidance on PowerPoint design, refer to the links in Resources.
  • For guidance with PowerPoint fundamentals, see the Basic Tasks in PowerPoint guide in Resources. If, after reviewing this material, you need more help using PowerPoint, contact your teaching assistant. Seek help early!

Your PowerPoint should include the following:

  1. Title slide:
    • Enter a descriptive title of approximately 5–15 words that concisely communicates the heart of the case study. It should stir interest while maintaining professional decorum.
    • Enter your name and a job title and organization that would fit with your case study. Like the case study itself, these last two elements may be fictional.
  2. Case Study Overview slide: Provide the briefest possible narrative description of the case situation here. Additional supporting details and references can be added in the notes section below the slide. The overview should include:
    • The professional setting of the case, based on your psychology specialization (such as treatment center, classroom, hospital, jail, or community-based setting).
  3. Cultural Differences slides: On the table provided, list the main cultural identities from the Hays model, relevant to the case study conflict, of yourself and another person, agency, or institution in the case study.
    • If more than one person, agency, or institution is involved in the case, make a new slide for each one, to compare yourself to all others involved.
    • In the notes section:
      • Identify common concerns with each cultural identity. Be careful to avoid using stereotypes.
      • Analyze how cultural differences contributed to the conflict in this case.
      • Identify two relevant biases you have or had, and at least one strategy for improving your cultural competency around each of those biases.
  4. Relevant Biases: Identify two relevant biases you have or had, and at least one strategy for improving your cultural competency around each of those biases.
  5. Best Practices for Working With [Cultural Identity] slides: Identify a best practice for working with a cultural identity in this case and cite the source below. Then, briefly analyze how the best practice could help you navigate this particular relationship and conflict.
    • In the notes section, describe the best practice in more detail and elaborate as needed on your analysis of how the best practice could help you navigate the relationship and conflict.
    • Copy this slide as needed to address each cultural identity in this case.
  6. References slides: Use current APA style and formatting guidelines.

Additional Requirements

  • Written communication: Should be free of errors that detract from the overall message.
  • References: You must cite best practices from at least three scholarly research articles in this assignment. You may cite reputable sources from websites, books, textbooks, and assigned resources as well, but these will not count toward the three required scholarly research references.
  • Length: A minimum of six slides.

Refer to the helpful links in Resources as you complete your assignment. Submit your PowerPoint file no later than 11:59 p.m. (CST) on Sunday.

Resources

  • Multicultural Case Study Scoring Guide.
  • Basic Tasks for Creating a PowerPoint Presentation.
  • Find Free-To-Use Images.
  • Basic Tasks in PowerPoint 2010.
  • Multicultural Case Study Template [PPTX].
  • Guidelines for Effective PowerPoint Presentations [PPTX].
  • Looking Into the Clinician’s Mirror: Cultural Self-Assessment.
  • APA Style and Format.
  • Capella University Library.
  • Professional Communications and Writing Guide [PDF].
  • Journal and Book Locator.
 
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