In Module Three We Considered The Conflicts Between The Local Community Over The

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In Module Three we considered the conflicts between the local community over the proposal to permit a hazardous waste incinerator. However, the primary learning point presented in Case Assignment was to learn how to consider the increased risks to persons residing in the local community that are more likely to be exposed to the harmful health from the emissions and other impacts from the proposed hazardous waste incinerator. If the approved the community would be subjected to hazardous waste incinerator AND the Waste to-Energy Facility. Therefore, we must consider the effects of both projects and examine then in a Multi-Source Context. In this case, we are examining the risks from living near a refinery or major seaport; however, we will focus on the Characterization and Analysis of the Risks associated with living in close proximity to an oil refinery and/or a major seaport. 

California is developing a plan to control emissions related to major seaports, such as the Port of Los Angeles/Long Beach and oil refineries in the harbor area. There are many communities living in close proximity both of the above mentioned facilities, including a low-income public housing community occupied largely by Hispanics and African American residents. Community groups from these homes have objected strongly to being exposed to air emissions related to both facilities. For instance, the Port of Los Angeles/Long Beach have over 30,000 diesel trucks entering and leaving the harbor area each day. Groups representing the communities residing in the area cite a variety of health risks associated with living near refineries and the port. Some of these groups claim that communities who live closer to refineries suffer higher death rates and higher cancer rates as a consequence of pollution. 

The State of California and the officials of the County of Los Angeles have received a number of Environmental Impact Reports concerning the construction and use of two refineries and the expansion of the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. None of the EIRs address the claims of adverse health conditions based on information on the ‘web’ and other published reports regarding the possibility of increased mortality and morbidity related to living at a location close to a refinery. You are an expert on community health assessment, and have been asked to advise the Board on why some reports (such as those on the web) show increased disease and death rates while others do not.

Case Assignment 

For this Case Assignment submit a 3-5+ page paper in which you:

  1. Characterize the health risks potentially associated with living near a refinery or a large harbor. (Focus primarily on the environmental health related health risks.)
  2. Define and explain the difference between a scientific study and anecdotal reports (that is, those from reputable journals and organizations and those from newspapers, personal testimonies, and web postings).
  3. Explain why the communities living close to refineries and/or the harbor/ports might actually experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality due to such confounders as age, race/ethnicity, social economic level, and access to care.
  4. Discuss how Multi-Criteria Integrated Resource Assessment (MIRA) could change the decision-making process concerning plans for the refinery or port.
 
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In Most Cases Competitors Are Viewed As Undesirable That Is Having No Competitor

In most cases, competitors are viewed as undesirable; that is, having no competitors is better than having some. Can you think of situations in which having competitors can be a benefit to the organization?

 
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In Most Cases The Critical Factors In A Case Are Correlative In Nature Without T

In most cases, the critical factors in a case are correlative in nature without truly demonstrating a cause and effect relationship. However, both practitioners and clients may be tempted to draw causal conclusions from correlational data related to the critical factors in a case. What are ideal strategies to rectify this situation within the applied context? Why are these strategies ideal?

 
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In Most Companies A Union Would Prefer To Implement A Rather Than Some

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Question 27 options:

a) 

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b) 

merit pay system; gain-sharing plan

c) 

individual incentive plan; merit pay system

d) 

pay-for-knowledge pay system; merit pay plan

e) 

merit pay system; pay-for-knowledge

 
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In Most Developing Countries There Are Long Lines Of Taxis At Airports And These

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In Most Societies Resources Are Allocated By A A Single Central Planner A Small

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In Multinational Situations Before Management Related Or Not Were There Any Diff

Have you been in multinational situations before (management-related or not)? Were there any difficulties? What were they? What did you observe about the situation? Did you learn anything about yourself? How do you expect this Course will help you deal with multinational situations in the future?

 
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In muscle, glutamine synthetase is very active, catalyzing the formation of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia at the expense of a molecule of In the liver, the rate of formation of glutamine is very low, but a high level of glutaminase activity, which generates ammonia and glutamate, is observed. How would you explain the difference in the levels of enzyme activity in these two organs?

 
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In My Advanced Accounting Course We Are Studying Formation Operation Termination

In my advanced accounting course we are studying formation,operation, termination and liquidation of partnerships. I have researched this problem with no luck. Here is the question:Under what circumstances does a partner’s balance in his or her capital account have practical consequences for the partner?

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In My Theo 525 Course We Are Suppose To Find Scholarly Journal Articles This Is

In my Theo 525 course we are suppose to find scholarly journal articles. This is new for me since I’am not sure what would constitute as scholarly. I am used to finding scholarly work, but not in journal article form. In help in finding something or how to go about finding something on the topic of “biblical authority” would be appreciated. Below is the guidance I received.

Journal Article Critique Instructions

You will complete 2 Journal Article Critiques in this course. For each, you will read a peer-reviewed, scholarly journal article, written within the last 20 years, on a topic covered in this class and write a critique that is a minimum of 2 full pages and no more than 3.

Journal Article Critique 1 is an opportunity for you to critique an article on a topic about which you may want to address in your Research Paper. Journal Article Critique 1 is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 2.

Journal Article Critique 2 is a required part of the research process for your Research Paper. Since you will have finalized your Research Paper topic by the time this second critique is due, you must pick an article that is relevant to your topic. If your article and critique show no relevance to the Research Paper topic, you will lose 10 points from your graded critique. Journal Article Critique 2 is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 5.

Purposes: Besides preparing you for the Research Paper, the critiques have several purposes:

  • To expose you to scholarly journal articles.
  • To train you to write with clarity and concision.
  • To develop your ability to critically analyze scholarly works.
  • To teach you how to properly utilize the Turabian format.
  • To improve your technical writing skills (e.g., grammar and syntax).

Details: For each critique, find a peer-reviewed, scholarly journal article about 10-20 pages in length that covers an area in this course. A few peer-reviewed journals are the Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, Bibliotheca Sacra, Grace Theological Journal, and the Westminster Theological Journal. Since magazines (e.g., Christianity Today, Visions, etc.) are not considered scholarly, they do not contain the appropriate articles to critique. If you need assistance in locating a peer-reviewed scholarly journal article, please use the Online Student Library Services website. You may also email the Liberty University Online Librarian at for further information. The following are some topics you may want to consider for your critiques:

  • Philosophy of Language
  • Existentialism
  • Christianity and Culture
  • General Revelation
  • Special Revelation
  • Biblical Authority
  • Biblical Inspiration
  • Biblical Inerrancy
  • Attributes of God
  • Preexistence of God
  • Eternal Generation
  • Providence of God
  • Divine Sovereignty/Free Will
  • Predestination/Foreknowledge
  • Theodicy/The Problem of Evil
  • Doctrine of Creation
  • The Doctrine of Angels
  • The Image of God in Man
  • Total Depravity
  • Trichotomy/Dichotomy
  • Traducianism
  • The Fall of Man
  • The Doctrine of Sin

Read the article you select and then write a minimum of 2 full pages and no more than 3 pages. You are expected to read the articles with a critical eye and to interact with the author’s theology and worldview. Since you are not considered an authority, you must withhold personal references, opinions, attitudes, and values from the critiquing process. Please follow this template when writing each critique:

Title Page

Contents Page (Section headings should be as follows: Introduction, Brief Summary, Critical Interaction, Conclusion, Selected Bibliography, See LBTS Writing Guide, p. ii)

The body of your critique includes the following sections:

I.     Introduction (1 paragraph)

A.  Provide a purpose statement.

B.   Provide a brief overview of the paper’s contents.

II.   Brief Summary (1 paragraph)

A.  Capture the thesis of the article.

B.   Share the overall content of the article.

III. Critical Interaction (1-2 paragraphs)

A.  The point is not whether you agree with the author’s point of view, but that you recognize what the author is discussing and what theological issues are at stake.

B.   It is important for you to document your assessment of the author throughout. If you evaluate the author’s opinion, give an example along with an endnote to designate an outside source where the opinion can be observed.

C.   Does the author approach the subject with any presuppositions/or biases?

D.  With what theological and biblical perspectives does he/she approach the subject?

E.   What is the author’s goal?

F.   Has the author developed his/her thesis logically?

G.  What are the strengths and weaknesses of the author’s arguments?

H.  Did the author prove his/her thesis?

I.     What are some applications that arise from this article?

IV. Conclusion (1 paragraph)

A.  This is where you wrap up your work by conveying how well the author achieved his/her goals. Very briefly summarize your evaluations here.

B.   Does the author leave you with any questions? If so, what are they?

Selected Bibliography (on a separate page)

The minimum of 2 full pages not to exceed 3-page requirement refers to the Introduction, Brief Summary, Critical Interaction, and Conclusion sections. It does not include the Cover page, Contents page, or Selected Bibliography. If your critique exceeds the 3-page requirement for sections I-IV, your grade will be reduced.

Formatting Requirements: Make sure your critiques are formatted in the following manner:

  • Follow Turabian style[1] (as specified in the Turabian manual) for the critique (See the “LBTS Writing Guide” for preferred Seminary Turabian standards).
  • Use footnotes to document research statements.
  • Use 1″ margins all around.
  • Make text double-spaced.
  • Use 12-point Times New Roman font.
  • Indent the 1st line of a paragraph ½ inch.
  • Do not insert any extra lines or additional points between paragraphs.
  • Include a cover page, following the JAC Sample Cover Page in Blackboard for form.

Grading: Consult the Journal Article Critique Grading Rubric to see how you will be graded for each critique. Students typically lose the most points in the Critical Interaction section. For whatever reason, some students have trouble discussing the strengths and weaknesses of the article.

 
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