I will pay for the following article Theories of Attachment. The work is to be 2 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. BONDING: THEORIES OF ATTACHMENT ID Number: of School Word Count: 650Date of Submission: September 14, 2011
BONDING: THEORIES OF ATTACHMENT
The components of a healthy mother-child bonding includes hugging, kissing, cooing, caressing and holding the infant more often, especially in the first few hours after birth. All these are designed to promote early contact between mother and child in which studies showed this in turn leads to increased likelihood of breast-feeding, longer periods of breast-feeding and talking or speaking to the child in a more sensitive manner (Parke & Clarke-Stewart, 2010, p. 114). The importance of healthy bonding is to ensure the very survival of a baby who is overly dependent on the mother, unlike other mammals or animals who can more or less fend for themselves right after birth. New longer-term research studies had likewise shown that bonding occurs not only if the mother cares for the child but also with the fathers (Belluck, 2011, p. 1) in which fatherhood is a crucial component in raising successfully the child and of nurturing a family.
One attachment theory developed by psychiatrist and psychoanalyst John Bowlby had emphasized the need of infants to have one consistent primary caregiver to whom they can attach normally during their social and emotional development, typically from 6 months to 2 years old. Usually, it is the mother that provides the need for an attachment figure but other people may in some cases be acceptable such as the father, the grandmother, the older sibling or close relatives.
Another prominent theory on bonding is the one developed by Klaus and Kennell which states that maternal bonding is important which in turn gave rise to the new practice of bringing a new baby to its mother instead of being brought to the nursery. The theory became controversial as they postulated that maternal deprivation can lead to maladjustments later on such as an eating disorder, personality defects, juvenile delinquency and substance abuse by a failure to bond.
I believe the attachment theory that is best aligned and integrated with my own views of attachment is the single caregiver theory. Infants stick to one caregiver during their first months of existence and any changes will result in the so-called separation anxiety as the infant grows a bit older and able to recognize faces and voices. It is therefore very vital to have only one person as the primary caregiver, maybe relieved by someone else but only for brief periods of time so as not to cause stress, anxiety, fear or other negative emotions on the baby who sees long periods of separation as a threat to its survival. The attachment theory by Bowlby is now generally accepted and is used to guide new therapies and also in formulating social and childcare policies today.
Bonding refers to the feelings of the mother towards her baby while attachment is the strong emotional bond that develops between them. The short-term benefits for the baby is its immediate survival (Rathus, 2010, p. 115) while the longer term effects of good attachment is an ability to later on develop other types of bonding in adult life, again as propounded by Bowlby. The theory of attachment is built on the concept of a close emotional relationship between two persons that in this case, pertains to a mother and her infant or child. The four characteristics of a good bonding-attachment are proximity, separation anxiety, pleasure upon reuniting and lastly, a general orientation of an infants behavior towards the primary caregiver being just around or in a nearby place (close proximity) for its own reassurance (Maccoby, 1980, p. 81).
Any caregiver must therefore pay close attention to these four factors or characteristics in caring for the infant. Additionally, Klaus and Kennell had also proposed their separate theory of skin-to-skin contact to develop stronger and closer bonds by experimenting with two groups of newly-born infants. At any rate, bonding develops later on to be used as schema in adulthood.
References
Belluck, P. (2011, September 12). “In study, fatherhood leads to drop in testosterone.” The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/health/research/13testosterone.html?src=ISMR_AP_LO_MST_FB
Maccoby, E. E. (1980). Social development: psychological growth and the parent-child relationship. CA, USA: Harcourt-Brace Jovanovich.
Parke, R. D. & Clarke-Stewart, A. (2010). Social development. MA, USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Rathus, S. A. (2010). CDEV. CA, USA: Cengage Learning-Wadsworth.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article The Strategy Of Unrelated Diversification O
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article The strategy of Unrelated Diversification on the Example of Xerox. The work is to be 2 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. Xerox Corporation is a multinational document management firm involved in the production and selling of printing related products and other services. It was founded in 1906 and produced the first plain paper photocopier and became one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of document management products and services. Its breakthrough during recent times came during the 1990s when the company started to refocus and especially went on to redevelop its focus on product orientation. It was also during this period that the firm has seriously started to look for expanding into other related and unrelated businesses.
Historically, Xerox has been a hard copy company means it supplied products and services which were related with hardcopy, however, over the period, it has opted out of this business segment and is now also generating revenue from the non-hardcopy business segment. This unrelated diversification, therefore, has allowed the firm to increase its revenue and profitability.
It is, however, important to understand that unrelated diversification can benefit the firm it has the requisite expertise in management to strengthen the business. If management does not have the expertise and skill to support new business, it may become relatively unsuccessful and risky to engage in unrelated diversification activities.
Xerox has ventured into the financial services industry also which was a completely different business line than its traditional business. It, however, failed to sustain the business and was forced to divest from this due to a lack of knowledge and expertise to manage this business independently. (Business Week). Not having relevant skills and knowledge to manage a business that does not fall into the domain of senior managers, therefore, may be one of the key risks faced by firms like Xerox.
Over some time, Xerox has changed its orientation and has now become more of a service provider rather than a solution and service provider. It has acquired a business which operates into outsourcing and service provider of document management services.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article The Sub Prime Crisis The Work Is To Be 14 P
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article The sub‐prime crisis. The work is to be 14 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. taking their toll on the modern economies however with prudent monetary policy and effective risk management practices, the future episodes of such nature may be avoided.
Getting consumer credit through various financial institutions especially banks requires consumers to maintain a certain degree of credit rating in order to qualify for those loans. Unlike large corporate companies, consumers or rather individuals pose a different challenge and dynamics to financial institutions to cater their needs for credit and formal funding requirements of these individuals. It is because of this reason that various banks and financial institutions have developed their internal rating methodologies which they assign to various consumers asking for credit. Banks than through their internal as well external credit scores or ratings decide to whom they should provide the credit. These criteria of credit rating often are designed to be tough since Banks in order to avoid defaults, tighten their criteria to extend the credit to these customers. However, due to increasing needs of those customers, whose credit history or their credit ratings do not fall under the criteria laid down by the banks, banks try to accommodate them also. Sub-prime lending is the part of that phenomenon.
“Sub-Prime lending typically has been characterized as lending at relatively costly interest rates and fees to credit impaired or otherwise high risk borrowers.”Error: Reference source not found. Subprime loans are among the newly popular mortgage products, such as interest-only loans, for people with strained budgets, including first-time buyers. Homeowners increasingly use them to refinance and consolidate household debts when their credit scores fall in the wake of bankruptcy, high medical bills, or other setbacks.Error: Reference source not found.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article The Value Of Internal Rate Of Return The Wo
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article The Value of Internal Rate of Return. The work is to be 8 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. As a method in evaluating capital budgeting decisions, its role can only be taken with seriousness since its wrong use could have disastrous consequences as companies make long term commitment to their resources.
What is the IRR and what makes it useful? The internal rate of return is a rate used by companies to decide whether they should make investments by comparing the same with the cost of capital or hurdle rate. Whether it is a bond investment, stock investment or real estate, the return is measured in rates. No wonder it is a more preferred method of measuring the efficiency of an investment over that of the Net Present Value (NPV) method which uses value or magnitude in declaring whether an investment is acceptable or not.
Its use with bonds on evaluating yield on investment is readily useful as a bond investment usually starts with an initial cash outflow and followed by a series of cash inflows. The same principle may be observed in the case of stocks if there is assured yearly distribution of dividends after the initial investments on stocks. Hence the same principle may be applied with other kinds of investments where there is an initial cash outflow that will be followed by a series of cash inflows.
Since various investments attractiveness are expressed in rates of return, the use of IRR would allow a more convenient and easy way to make a decision by just taking the investment which will yield a rate higher one than the cost of capital or opportunity cost of an alternative investment which is also expressed in rates.
Given the ease of its comparison, it has therefore advantaged over that of other methods like NPV. Another method that is expressed in rates from which it could be compared is the accounting rate of return (ARR) but since the latter does not consider the time value of money1, IRR then occupies a higher ground as that of the NPV. But since NPV is expressed in value as state earlier, more executives are using the same.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article The Vanishing Act Of Esme Lennox And The Pl
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article The vanishing act of Esme Lennox and the plight of Edwardian women. The work is to be 10 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. The book “The vanishing act of Esme Lennox” by Maggie O’Farrell gives us an insight into the terrible plight of women during the early twentieth century Edwardian UK. A story that portrays the nature of social oppression on women of that period is a tale of prejudice, injustice, betrayal and redemption. Esme Lennox, the namesake and also the chief protagonist of this book, is a young woman in 1930s Edinburgh, who is incarcerated into a mental asylum by her parents, for the simple reason that Esme did not wish to conform to the society rules of her era. This book which is a sort of mystery story that unfolds at a much later era (when Esme meets her granddaughter Iris, after being released from the institution), explores the real meaning of sanity, and as it tries to measure the mental trauma and the sense of rejection that Esme and many of her contemporaries went through during these times. My article will explore this book by Maggie O’Farrell, to find answers to such questions as to why Esme was institutionalized for 60 years and never sent home. and why was it such a common practice during those Edwardian times to lock women up for very simple, and sometimes even for outrageous reasons.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article The Welfare State For Older People The Work
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article The Welfare State for Older People. The work is to be 10 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. The global demographic transition has caused health and social care services worldwide to address the needs of older people as a priority. Frail older people, who are elderly people with physical or mental impairments, are major users of these services. Attending to their needs in person, and to those of the entire population of elderly people, is quite a challenge. Proper care is needed in order to make a positive impact on the health and independence of the elderly. However, the situation today is insufficient and does not always comply with the requirements.
Home care for older people in England is often “inflexible, misses opportunities to promote independence and suffers chronic staff shortages”, shows a report published by the Commission for Social Care Inspection. The commission has found that services are concentrated on older people with severe needs, and this is why many other older people, who would certainly benefit from home care, do not receive it. Also, the commissions’ report reveals that some employers attempt to save money on selection and recruitment of home care nurses, and 39% of inspected agencies failed to meet the national minimum standards in this area.
Be that as it may, home care services have improved since in the past years. For instance, three-quarters of providers were found to comply with the minimum national requirements, and inspectors of the commission praised certain aspects of personal care, which were associated with “respectful, caring and helpful attitudes of staff”(Hocking, 2006).
There are different opinions as to the current welfare state of elderly people today and the services .provided- some claim it is highly insufficient and others claim it is evolving well, especially after the report of the commission has been released. Either way, the significance of this matter is obvious and tangible.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Theories Of Attachment The Work Is To Be 2
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Theories of Attachment. The work is to be 2 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. BONDING: THEORIES OF ATTACHMENT ID Number: of School Word Count: 650Date of Submission: September 14, 2011
BONDING: THEORIES OF ATTACHMENT
The components of a healthy mother-child bonding includes hugging, kissing, cooing, caressing and holding the infant more often, especially in the first few hours after birth. All these are designed to promote early contact between mother and child in which studies showed this in turn leads to increased likelihood of breast-feeding, longer periods of breast-feeding and talking or speaking to the child in a more sensitive manner (Parke & Clarke-Stewart, 2010, p. 114). The importance of healthy bonding is to ensure the very survival of a baby who is overly dependent on the mother, unlike other mammals or animals who can more or less fend for themselves right after birth. New longer-term research studies had likewise shown that bonding occurs not only if the mother cares for the child but also with the fathers (Belluck, 2011, p. 1) in which fatherhood is a crucial component in raising successfully the child and of nurturing a family.
One attachment theory developed by psychiatrist and psychoanalyst John Bowlby had emphasized the need of infants to have one consistent primary caregiver to whom they can attach normally during their social and emotional development, typically from 6 months to 2 years old. Usually, it is the mother that provides the need for an attachment figure but other people may in some cases be acceptable such as the father, the grandmother, the older sibling or close relatives.
Another prominent theory on bonding is the one developed by Klaus and Kennell which states that maternal bonding is important which in turn gave rise to the new practice of bringing a new baby to its mother instead of being brought to the nursery. The theory became controversial as they postulated that maternal deprivation can lead to maladjustments later on such as an eating disorder, personality defects, juvenile delinquency and substance abuse by a failure to bond.
I believe the attachment theory that is best aligned and integrated with my own views of attachment is the single caregiver theory. Infants stick to one caregiver during their first months of existence and any changes will result in the so-called separation anxiety as the infant grows a bit older and able to recognize faces and voices. It is therefore very vital to have only one person as the primary caregiver, maybe relieved by someone else but only for brief periods of time so as not to cause stress, anxiety, fear or other negative emotions on the baby who sees long periods of separation as a threat to its survival. The attachment theory by Bowlby is now generally accepted and is used to guide new therapies and also in formulating social and childcare policies today.
Bonding refers to the feelings of the mother towards her baby while attachment is the strong emotional bond that develops between them. The short-term benefits for the baby is its immediate survival (Rathus, 2010, p. 115) while the longer term effects of good attachment is an ability to later on develop other types of bonding in adult life, again as propounded by Bowlby. The theory of attachment is built on the concept of a close emotional relationship between two persons that in this case, pertains to a mother and her infant or child. The four characteristics of a good bonding-attachment are proximity, separation anxiety, pleasure upon reuniting and lastly, a general orientation of an infants behavior towards the primary caregiver being just around or in a nearby place (close proximity) for its own reassurance (Maccoby, 1980, p. 81).
Any caregiver must therefore pay close attention to these four factors or characteristics in caring for the infant. Additionally, Klaus and Kennell had also proposed their separate theory of skin-to-skin contact to develop stronger and closer bonds by experimenting with two groups of newly-born infants. At any rate, bonding develops later on to be used as schema in adulthood.
References
Belluck, P. (2011, September 12). “In study, fatherhood leads to drop in testosterone.” The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/health/research/13testosterone.html?src=ISMR_AP_LO_MST_FB
Maccoby, E. E. (1980). Social development: psychological growth and the parent-child relationship. CA, USA: Harcourt-Brace Jovanovich.
Parke, R. D. & Clarke-Stewart, A. (2010). Social development. MA, USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Rathus, S. A. (2010). CDEV. CA, USA: Cengage Learning-Wadsworth.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article This Assessment Item Requires You To Adopt
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article This assessment item requires you to adopt the role of a public relations manager offering counsel to an organisation. Using the same case as in the first two assessment items, you must identify and effectively summarise responses to the issue that have a. The work is to be 9 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. This was essentially evident after the defect of Prius was noticed as the management took immediate action by recalling the customers in Australia through the mediums of public relations like that of mails and press releases. Toyota always tried to emerge with a new thought and tried to execute it. Toyota Australia always tried to keep in mind the customer needs and wants so that the management tried to provide the maximum of the benefits to the customers. Toyota Australia has brought new models with new techniques of vehicles for different segments of people e.g. SUVs for ‘tailgate people’, Prius for private customers among others.
It is prevalent from the strategy of the company that in future too Toyota Australia is expected to come up with many new ranges of vehicle which will be eco friendly in nature and adapt new technologies for better quality and service to the esteemed clients.
Toyota Australia started its journey in 1958, when Theiss brothers sold their first Toyota Land Cruiser in the year of 1959. The vision of Toyota Australia has been to be the most appreciated and accepted company in the related market. Their mission was to supply the best automotive products and customer services that would enhance the environment, community and partners. They have their four core values namely, clients’ first, respect for the people, international focus and constant improvement and invention. According to the factsheet of 2008, Toyota Australia had 4573 employees and approximately 10,982 of dealer employees. Toyota Australia exported vehicles to more than 20 countries (Toyota, n.d.).
Toyota Australia produced a record of about 141, 467 vehicles and 114, 752 engines at their Altona plant in the year of 2008. They contributed more to the economy of Australia by indirect and straight employment, export income and capital investment.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article To What Extent Can Religious Motives Be Use
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article To What Extent Can Religious Motives Be Used in Cartoons and Motion Pictures without Offending Various Religious Groups. The work is to be 2 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. speech has been toppled over with the recent publication of cartoons published by the Danish newspapers depicting the sacred image of Mohammed wearing a bomb as a turban. What has triggered such outrage and violence by Muslims across the world?
On the one side of the debate, proponents of the free speech claim that in a free and democratic society, the foundation of free speech is the ability express thoughts, publish writings and produce films without the fear of censorship, especially from the religious community (Appignanesi 2005). They have the right to free speech to convey their thoughts to others.
In the United Kingdom especially, the media is governed by laws which counteract such malediction as the Danish cartoons. As a result, films like The Big Bang, Catacombs, Multiple Maniacs and Visions of Ecstasy are banned from media channels. The rationale of the censorship authority is that these films have been subjected to censorship or ban because of the legitimate, ethical and social concerns for viewers whose religious beliefs they might offend (Parliament 2003).
– Purpose of the research is to evaluate the controversies which have triggered riots and violence among religious communities against the contradictory portrayals of religious figures, doctrines and principles in the media, and resolve the problem of censorship.
– Problem of Censorship is an issue which has limited the scope of freedom of expression for the media, film and television. On the other hand, the law states that with freedom of expression is the responsibility of not offending viewers through obscenities or religious beliefs (Media Watch 2005). How can this be resolved?
– Religious Offense is a serious crime under the Religious Hatred Bill and other related laws yet it continues to wage on in our society (The Christian Institute 2010). This is characteristic of a diversified society with multiple ethnic groups living in it with different religious beliefs (Shah 2007).
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I Will Pay For The Following Article To What Extent Does Religion In The Educati
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article To What Extent Does Religion in the Education System, Help or Hinder the Success of Children. The work is to be 6 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. Because this paper addresses religion in general, as opposed to one particular faith, such as Anglicanism or Islam, religion will be viewed as the human response to the events of life. . Based on what happens in life, one may choose to follow the Judeo-Christian God, or Allah, or Buddha, or to follow no particular deity at all. Education will be viewed in a more holistic sense as well – the role that schools play in taking Britain’s children and molding them into adults. It will become clear, after a review of relevant literature, that there is not one mixture of religion in education that works for every student. The multiplicity of educational choices has arisen from a multiplicity of personalities, collective life experiences, and individual responses.
The Muslim educational experience in Great Britain is particularly demonstrative of this need for variety in educational choices. In the first half of 2005, the Imam Muhammad Zakariya School for Girls in Dundee received its second consecutive poor report on academics (Saeed, 2005). While Ibrahim Hewitt (2005) makes a strong case that the British government should establish and support schools run according to the Muslim philosophy of education, and that only a “complete Islamic education as delivered in a well-resourced Muslim school” will give Muslim students the “spiritual, moral, cultural, mental, and physical development of pupils” (Education Reform Act 1988) required by law, the results of the Zakariya school are troubling.
However, Osama Saeed, of the Muslim Association of Britain, points to the results of Feversham College in Bradford, a Muslim school that finished at the top of the “Value Added” ranks in the same period that the Zakariya school finished so poorly (Saeed, 2005). .
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Topic Related To Native American Culture Th
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Topic related to Native American Culture. The work is to be 4 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. On this basis, this essay will discuss the common characteristics of the Native American culture and also highlight on the history of the Native American flute.
To start with, the way of life of the different Native Americans was dictated by the climate and natural resources present at the areas they inhabited. According to the American Indian Heritage Foundation, Native Americans share a principle that emphasizes care of the land and respect for nature (1). In this respect, the Native Americans adopted a lifestyle that promoted conservation of nature and natural resources. Therefore, the Native American culture differed depending on the natural resources available to specific communities. For instance, some communities living in forested regions, relied on hunting and gathering for their living while others, living in the highlands, depended on farming practices. However, it is worth pointing out that some elements of the Native American culture were eroded by European settlers, who colonized and exploited the indigenous American communities. Before colonization, the Native Americans shifted their ways of life to conform to the changing seasons based on the environment they occupied (National Humanities Center 1).
Interestingly, the Native Americans shared common values in relation to family setups. In reality, the family structures of the Native Americans varied widely but there exist common core values and beliefs (National Association of School Psychologists 1). To begin with, many Native American families are ‘big’. Traditionally, most families were extended in nature, comprising of nuclear and extended family members living in a close proximity. Moreover, according to the National Association of School Psychologists, the Native Americans possessed high fertility rates hence increased prevalence of single mothers resulting from out of wedlock childbirth (1).
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