I will pay for the following article Lean Implementation at Oak Hill. The work is to be 1 page with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. Lean Implementation and Supply Chain Development at Oak Hills Prof. Dave McCarthy Intro to Supply Chain Management 04/14 Monika Kotowska Christina DiPietro
Melissa Moreira
Jennifer Viernes
Samantha Chavanga
It is with no doubt that the distribution centers and manufacturing environments are changing and companies are looking for better opportunities to optimize people, processes and technology. Therefore, developing a competitive supply chain based on speed, innovation, and quality, to deal with unpredictable market conditions has become a vital part for most organizations.
Oak Hills facility is a unit of The Oil and Gas Services Company (TOGS) that produces testing equipment used in old and gas exploration. Oak Hills is currently experiencing an industry-wide recurring slump. Their current lead-time of domestic order for the testing equipment lies in between one to two weeks, with international orders yielding up to three months. Urgent requirement lies within the high costs associated with keeping the exploration idle – costing an average of $50,000 to $100,000 per day. In intending to reduce their lead-time to one week, as well as to increase operational efficiency, Oak Hills also plans to enhance customer service with the help of lean manufacturing techniques. Oak Hills level of inventory is much higher than necessary because of the high demand volatility and lack of vendor management.
The main issues that Oak Hills facility is facing are, employee related concerns, worn out machines, workload on quality department, the lack of quality checkpoints, and process inefficiency. All of which need to be solved before implanting the lean system. The lean system will help improve the processes and quality of the facility as well as lessen the wastage. However, employees are the key to this change. we need to change the current work environment to help boost the employee morale. Furthermore, machines and systems need to be updated in order to reduce waste of raw material and to save time and manpower. The management and employees at Oak Hills need to work together and communicate with one another in order to implement lean system successfully.
QUESTIONS
1. What are the specific quality problems Oak Hills is facing, and how will they influence the company’s ability to convert to a lean system?
There are four main quality problems that Oak Hills is facing are – Employees related concerns, damaged machines, Workload on quality department, and Lack of Quality.
Employee related fears: There is a lack of communication from management to employees regarding current lay-off’s due to the economy issues, which has diminished the employee morale. Additionally, issues of unfair bonuses pools are awarded on team basis, which employees are cross functionally trained, and are sometimes forced to assist other employees to complete the rush jobs.
Damaged machines: Oak Hills has been utilizing old worn-out machines for years in which are not up to par with current levels. This results in waste of raw materials and employee turmoil at work level creating negative impact on the company’s expenses and employee confidence.
Workload on quality department: The quality control department has been overloaded due to the fact that all seven units that are being used by the company are being started simultaneously, and all assemblers have to bring in their first boxes of the batch for quality assurance checks. Operating in this form will jeopardize the success of the quality control department and will result in many faulty products which in return can destroy the image of the company.
Lack of quality checkpoints: Oak Hills has a lack of quality checkpoints in which the company is not able to monitor the direction or the production of work in progress. The company does not perform quality checks when packing the products. this is only done during assembly. Therefore when products reach the customer in bad condition, Oak Hills cannot assign the faults to the correct department.
Oak Hills must ensure that these major issues become resolved before executing a lean system. Lean systems put into consideration a practice of zero wastage with improvement in processes and quality. The key individuals to conduct this change are the employees. in the current situation it might not be easy for the employees to accept the issue at hand easily — management must understand that quality is not for specific individuals only but both for the employees and management and help created an easy transition to guide employees into using this system by communicating and educating these changes.
2. What changes in the manufacturing environment need to be undertaken in order to convert the current system to a lean system? Think about this from both a short-term and a long-term perspective.
The changes that need to be made in the manufacturing environment are as follows:
Organization behavior: The lean system is reliant on the coordination of efforts between employees and the management. For the company to conduct the lean system they have to make sure that the management and all the employees are able to embrace lean views and the technicalities of the system. Management has to implement a proper information system that enables the employees to learn more about the system.
Connect with customers/suppliers: While Oak Hills is considering reducing the lead-time to one week, it is very crucial for the company to make sure it has constant communication with its suppliers and customers. The company should have real-time data on drilling projects and the various project information of their internal customers such as E&E and Triangle. This not only sorts their short-term problems, but will set them up for the long run.
Structure every activity and simplify the workflow: This procedure is very important in the sense that it focuses attention on production processes of the company. The productions manager should establish a proper system through which orders can be placed directly to avoid frantic disruptions of the work schedule.
Begin improvements: There are many improvements that the company has to consider, improvements like the quality of the product, reduction of raw materials, and product wastes. It goes into line with the lean system viewpoint that dictates zero wastage.
For Oak Hills to maintain excellence and process development that aligns with the lean system in long term, the important aspects is change that has to be put into place by leadership and create lean system thinking. The company has to be positioned in the lean system processes to be able sustain the quality in the long run.
3. How will the implementation of lean system impact employees, and what can be done to smooth the transition?
Implementing a Lean system does not dictate a specific result only outcome. it focuses on changes within all dimensions of the organization. This system begins with compliance and changes in overall views by the organizations employees, therefore, impacting internal sectors of the organization in several ways.
Team Dynamics:
Lean systems require multifunctional teams with rotational team leadership in order to include all involved. Currently, Oak Hills has established this system in its shipping department comprising a team of four men – the deliverer, assembler, assistant, and packer. However, some implementing to this system must occur. It is stated that although rotational duties exist amongst individuals, overall bonuses were team based, negating the fact that these members are involved in more than just one team. Rewards must then be considered for not only teamwork, but according to each task a single employee is responsible for successfully executing. This will create more productivity from its employees while reducing stress. Furthermore, in order for this system to become a successful mechanism within the organization, it must be integrated throughout the firm in its entirety, having all employees possess multifunctional skills.
Employee education/communication:
To achieve superior results and to entice a smooth transition, employees must receive appropriate education and training. Without this, employees will fail to posses skills needed to create value within the organization. Another major factor needed at Oak Hill, is trust and communication among team members and supervisors. Currently, no such connection exists between all departments. Rumors of impending mergers and lack of communication from management has dampened employee morale, provoking fears of unemployment. Employees must be aware of all issues and opportunities that exist within the company, and be able to embrace lean views in order to keep the organization functioning smoothly.
Overall, Oak hills management must implement these changes in methods including and involving all employees. Communication seems to be the leading factor to which failure seems to plague operations. Oak hills must keep all employees informed about changes and benefits. The implementation of Lean system will enable employees to become relieved of the stress by rush orders, and will create benefits and rewards as incentives to all employees for maximizing results leading to smoother operations across the company.
4. At what stage in the development of a supply chain is Oak Hills, and what can be done to improve the supply chain?
It is evident that a proper supply chain network does not yet exist at Oak Hills. Large volume foreign orders yielding lead times of up to three months, as well as many erratic Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E) domestic orders leading to rush jobs seems to be a continuing occurrence for Oak hills. The current relationship with the Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E) is scarce, preventing any accurate demand forecasting opportunities causing Oak hills plant an inventory turnover of only five times annually, prompting high inventory holding costs, delivery costs, and overtime pay associated with expediting orders. In addition, Black Dome, a manufacturing company supplying Oak hill its sensor board needs, lacks in on-time delivery creating late deliveries and rescheduling problems for Oak hills and E&E.
In order to repair these issues and strengthen the supply chain connection between all involved, Oak hills must adopt a practice of supply chain integration, using proper direct communication channels providing Oak hills with information concerning any current or impending projects by Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E). This will enable forecasting demands of testing instruments, and reduce all costs associated with rush orders as well as the amount of raw material inventory held onsite for unexpected orders. In addition, Oak Hills enlists of Materials Requirements Planning System (MRP), but must utilize this system entirely to schedule and manage with Black Dome the production planning and requirement planning to eliminate late deliveries and rescheduling.
5. For Oak Hills, what is the connection between demand management and the supply chain?
Demand management is directly linked to supply chain management because it involves prioritizing demand when supply is lacking. Proper demand management facilitates planning and use of resources for profitable results. Oak Hill is facing issues with the constant demand that continuously fluctuates causing many consequences. One of these consequences is a demand issue that Oak Hills is not updated with information of current or upcoming projects of its customers causing them to deal with rush order jobs. In order for them to complete orders on time, they must keep inventory levels high causing increased holding costs. Other than holding costs there are other issues associated with the demand unpredictability of Oak Hills orders such as delivery costs and overtime costs.
Lean system is powerful in reducing waste but Oak Hills must manage supply chain communication on its own because lean manufacturing does not guarantee to fix the demand dilemma. Supply chain management can be used in this situation by creating a production schedule. If Oak Hills receives details of its clients including Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E) projects, it can then schedule the production process, leading to decreased inventory costs.
6.What should Oak Hills do? What problems might occur in implementing your recommendations, and how can these problems be avoided or neutralized?
Implementing lean manufacturing can solve some of the issues involving the production process, but it can raise some issues within the company as well. One factor to be considered is that it is normally difficult for people to accept change. The way to get people to accept change is by communicating to stakeholders, clients, and employees the benefits of a lean system before implementing it. Once they have knowledge on the topic, this will allow them to accept the new change. Another problem that needs to be considered is the cost of implementing the lean system. Changing the process and techniques will cost money but management will need to be convinced about all the profits that will occur if they accept lean manufacturing. In the end, Oak Hills will encounter some issues while implementing the lean system but these issues can be resolved with communication.
Conclusion/ Recommendations
Based on the analysis, the Oak Hills facility needs urgent and strategic solutions to its challenges: the findings show that the facility’s product lines are not well managed due to little information about the current and impending Exploration and Extraction (E&E) projects, the costs of inventory holding and overtime pay is contributing to high overhead costs. The employee morale is low, hence poor customer service. demand is unpredictable, poor management of quality and workflow in the production system. There is wastage due to defects in the production system, caused by worn out machinery. The problems are not only in the production process, it is clear that the employees are not properly motivated due to poor communication, and a poor reward system. Employees should be aware of what is going on, they should be properly trained, and they should be compensated based on their input and effectiveness. this will increase employee morale, as well as their productivity levels.
In order to have a smooth transition into the lean system, it advisable that management communicates the change to all the stakeholders in the supply chain, including employees. Oak Hills facility has little knowledge of upcoming projects of the E&E units in its supply chain. the public relations and marketing departments should employ supply chain integration to ensure that they are in directly contact with the project managers of their customers and everyone in the supply chain. Using this information, they can be able to plan better for real time drilling projects, thus reducing the number of rush orders (demand management). The MRP system should also be implemented in the ordering of cases from Black Dome and Precision Milling to reduce the inventory holding costs, and the delays that occur. The worn out machinery in the production process, especially the assembly presses should be refurbished or replaced. This will help in reduce wastage in the production process due to product defects.
Reference
Shankar, Venkatesh . “Integrating Demand and Supply Chain Management.”http://www.pearsoned.ca.N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2014..
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Inferring From The Writing Of Henry David T
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Inferring from the Writing of Henry David Thoreau. The work is to be 8 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. The values of simplicity and reflection that are present in Thoreau’s works are now seemingly gone with pervasive materialism, insecurity, and skepticism. Thus, Thoreau’s works are like a charm because it reminds and ground students about the lost value of simplicity, reflection, and self-reliance. It makes a good reminder to students about the essence of life by engaging us to a work of genius that reflects about what really matters in life. By truly understanding Thoreau and his work, we may realize that life is really not that complex and in fact can be better lived if we live in simplicity and reflection. This understanding helps us create our own magic in our own compositions because we are able to move our readers in a manner that Thoreau moved his readers albeit ours maybe to a lesser degree.
To be able to understand Thoreau’s magic in writing, it would be necessary to know him and examine his influences. This would enable us to know and understand where the magic came from, and with this understanding, we may develop our own sense of magic in our writings. Thoreau’s Walden is a product of a social experiment of how life would be in one is to live an ascetic life. This social experiment is consistent with the writing of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s “Self-reliance” who was Thoreau’s teacher.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Intro To Law The Work Is To Be 1 Page With
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Intro to law. The work is to be 1 page with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. CASE CASE Palsgraf v. Long Island R.R. Co., Ct. of App. of N.Y., 248 N.Y. 339, 162 N.E. 99 (N.Y. 1928 Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad was a matter number 248 in New York. Matter number 339, which was heard and determined by the New York Court of appeal. The Court is by fact and principle the highest in the land and it was adjudicated upon by Cardozo Benjamin who was the Chief Judge. The nature of this matter gave headlights and pathways into the notion of proximate cause relative to the aspect of liability while at the same time bringing to light the aspect of limitation of negligence.
Facts: Mrs. Hellen Palsgraf was standing on the steps of the train platform when two men ran in to catch the train the second man carried luggage and appeared to be falling when the train employees or guards who were standing by moved in to help him by pushing him into the train. In the course of the entry, the luggage of the second man fell down (it had fireworks), so it exploded hitting the tracks (Prosser, 1953). The impact on the tracks initiated the scales on the other end of the train to fall thereby injuring the plaintiff Mrs. Helen Palsgraf. The plaintiff sued the railroad claiming she was injured due to the negligence of the employees of the railroad company.
Judgment: the bench by way of majority dismissed the application of the plaintiff and instead arguing that the actions of the accused employee were too indirectly linked to the injury caused to the plaintiff. In principle, there was no way he could have known what the passenger and owner of the luggage had carried. Thus, the case was dismissed with costs.
Reference
Prosser, W. L. (1953). Palsgraf Revisited. Michigan Law Review, 1-32.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Is Monetary Policy Overburdened The Work Is
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Is Monetary Policy Overburdened. The work is to be 6 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. The monetary policy, today, is not expected to achieve goals it used to achieve before. Unemployment and inflation are speculated to persist if overburdening of the monetary policy continues. Whenever the employment rates suddenly increase, the central bank is forced to print more money for salaries, but, this is not a solution to inflation.
During the crisis, central banks focused on price stability and at this time, they became independent institutions dominating the control of inflation without interference from the government. At that time, they achieved their goal in controlling inflation, but in 2008 and 2009, the inflation rate started increasing. The governments doubted on the credibility of central banks in maintaining price stability. Today, most central banks are not independent in their operations and that is why public policies from the government are overburdening the monetary policies. Price stability may not be realized if the public policies continue to overburden the monetary policies posing a threat to economies in the future (Orphanides 2013, p. 2).
The monetary policy is aimed at stabilizing the price levels of goods and commodities in accordance with the state of the economy. The global financial crisis incorporated inflation which led to a continued increase in unemployment rates. Governments rushed to reduce their spending and reduce unemployment rates that resulted in overburdening of the monetary policy. The monetary policy has been practiced before and deflation was achieved, and thus, stabilizing the price levels. Before the financial crisis, discussions on what constitutes a good monetary policy run among the major central banks where they agreed on the practice of targeting inflation (Orphanides 2013, p. 2).
At the first stages of the global financial crisis, disappointing growth was associated with many economies. The real GDP was maintained in countries like the US, the United Kingdom, and Japan.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Is Online Education A Valuable Innovation T
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Is online education a valuable innovation that improves opportunities for student or is it a poor subsititude for traditional,. The work is to be 5 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. Technology is here to stay and everyone in an industrialized society needs to learn how to make the best use of it. This paper argues that online classes have numerous advantages over traditional classroom learning such as the following: the internet offers faster feedback, flexibility, and the opportunity to learn at one’s own pase. The case for online learning Online learning can be defined as “a form of distributive learning enabled by the Internet.” (Volery and Lord: 2000, p. 217). The term distributive learning in turn implies two essential ingredients: “first, a heavy reliance on technology, and second, self-learning.” (Volery and Lord: 2000, p. 217). It is important to remember that both sides of this equation are equally important: the technology must be there, and able to provide the learning opportunities, and the student must also be actively engaged and able to adopt a high level of self-management and motivation in order to engage in self-learning. A very strong advantage of the internet over other delivery messages is that it is extremely fast. A student can access almost limitless amounts of information through a few clicks of the mouse or taps on the keyboard. Questions can be entered, and responses appear instantly. There is even the potential to access quizzes and tests, complete them, and submit them for analysis. Feedback, often with grading and tips for improvement is built in and can be received also in an extremely fast turnaround. Human teachers just simply cannot deliver this high speed response because they have to deal with every student’s work consequentially and they are subject to the limitations of needing to eat, sleep and have a private life as well as being professional teachers. The internet is always available, and except in rare cases of technical failure, always reliably fast in its response. From a teacher perspective, online learning also provides economies of time usage. Instead of delivering information every year to each new cohort of students, the teacher supervising online learning only has to provide the main material once. Thereafter the job of the teacher is to keep the material up to date, and to monitor and support students as they learn. This is a far more effective use of time, and allows the teacher to achieve a much greater effectiveness with less repetition of tasks. Student participation and performance can be logged by the computer system, and this also removes the need for time-consuming administration. Teaching in a classroom usually operates to a defined curriculum with fixed content and clear goals. Online learning does this too, if it is well designed and focused on clear educational goals, but it offers so much more in addition to this core curriculum. The potential for hyperlinks to a vast global library of resources provides extension possibilities at every turn. A student who is not a native speaker of English, for example, can access dictionary and grammar support alongside the learning materials if required. A a student who struggles with mathematical or statistical concepts can immediately find advice on how to approach these matters. A student who is brighter than average, or one who has a special interest in particular points can undertake further research by using search engines like “Google” or encyclopedia and reference sites.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Islamic Exam The Work Is To Be 6 Pages With
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Islamic exam. The work is to be 6 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. His arguments were clear and simple, he stated that two major sources of sharia, the Quran and Sunnah did not demand or altogether reject the caliphate, secondly there was no ijma done by the scholars upon the necessity of keeping caliphate, thirdly, caliphate had only brought disasters in the Muslim world and there were no logical arguments to re-establish it. The book also criticized rulers who used the Islamic laws in order to form a political guideline and rules for the ruling authorities. Furthermore, the book stated that the role of Prophet Muhammad was solely as religious spiritual teacher and nothing near to as a political leader. These statements called on for huge debates and unrest between different groups of Islamic world.
Al-Raziq has been declared as the father of secularism of the state and not only the society, in Islamic governance. Secularism separates a state from all religious linkages and allows people from different religions to be treated equally by law regardless of religion by the ruling authority or the majority of the country’s population.
Al-Raziq never called keeping an Islamic government unlawful. he furthermore declared that Muslims altogether may agree to any form of government they want to keep as long it kept the common interest of the society they are ruling in their mind. This shows that altogether, al-Raziq had a very humanistic approach towards formation of government and supported democracy.
Ruhollah Moosavi Khomeini was born in the early 1900’s and is famous for founding the first ever Islamic government called Islamic Republic or Iran. He was a politician and a revolutionary, the brains behind the Iranian Revolution that took place in 1979.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Justification Of Vendor Roi For A Major Equ
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Justification of vendor ROI for a major equipment used in radiology. The work is to be 8 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. The report also highlights the relationship between cost justification and return on investment in detail from the manager’s point of view providing justification for the feasibility of the capital purchase or investment decision to be made to the Vice president of the company.
Variance report is a method of communicating the performance of the company between the executives. A comparative analysis is conducted by comparing the available set of figures to reach an effective outcome. The sole purpose of the variance analysis is to review the budgetary goals and targets which the company plans to achieve.
The management required to review the monthly budget because the expenses of the salaries were higher and the supplies and equipment which were available in the particular department were comparatively lower than the budget breakup.
A properly formed variance reports includes the overspending or under-spending trends. In this case the hospital is spending more on the salaries of the employees and less on the equipment although the prescribed budget is sufficient to do so. A variance analysis must include proper graphs and figures and it must define the favorable and unfavorable position of a particular decision (Microsoft, n.d.).
A variance analysis must include the comparison of the actual and the budgeted figures. The difference in the variation of the actual and the budgeted figures of the hospital will be clearly predicted to reach to a conclusion.
A variance report identifies the areas which will improve the installation of the Linear Accelerator. The equipment and the vendor from which the equipment will be purchased are discussed in this report. During the analysis the calculation of the cash budget will be analyzed.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Key Factors Influencing Viability Of Desira
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Key Factors Influencing Viability of Desirable Development in Croydon. The work is to be 8 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. I am writing from the standpoint of a planner advising the Croydon council about increase housing provision, especially affordable housing, as the desirable development to meet the local planning strategy and solve the housing issues in Croydon. The report divided into three steps.
Urban planning is best defined as a form of state intervention in a development process dominated by the private sector (David, P.2). As David stated, any form of planning including bargaining, negotiation, controlling is for the purpose of producing a better urban environment for people living in the area. It is a means to achieve sustainable development including the use of scarce resources, better social inclusion, long-term economic growth, which ensures better lives for ourselves and a better environment for future generations (NPPF, 2012). Solving the existing physical and social issues by making relevant policies, planning authorities are participating in the market in the role of moderately improving the situation towards a more acceptable position.
Croydon Unitary Development Plan was the development plan for the borough until the LDF comes into force in 2012. Croydon, as the largest London borough, has the highest population among all London boroughs. It has a wide variety of residential areas. The residential neighborhoods comprise distinct communities that focus on established centers. Croydon has a significant commercial city center, which is built for the purpose of regional, as well as national importance in the Vision 2020 for Croydon Metropolitan Center. It has a fully developed infrastructure including convenient traffic linking to London and efficient public transportation.
UDP (2006) indicates the development strategy takes the Croydons location, role in the economic activity, and present situation into account. The city needs to grow positively by providing a certain amount of housing to meet the market demand, a series of jobs to meet employment needs, and the implementation of the Vision 2020 for Croydon Metropolitan Centre.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Labor Supply And Demand Scenario The Work I
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Labor Supply and Demand Scenario. The work is to be 2 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. The recent developments in the recording process of historical background and interview of patients in hospitals and clinics, of full details of cases handled by lawyers and law firms, and the actual handling of customer service and promotional sales of major companies, led to the uproar of outsourcing. In fact, international outsourcing has become a symbol of globalization.
Countries like India and Philippines have been experiencing great labor inflow from the destination countries like the United States and Europe. Outsourcing of services such as communications and transcriptions happen due to increasing returns to scale which agitates the re-allocation of labor through a change in the productivity of the service sector which in turn agitates the increase of salary of employees belonging to the semi-skilled labor sector. The latter sector constituted by men and women without reference to age and educational attainment, as long as they possess high quality of English proficiency and/or other foreign languages, depending on the destination countries.
This happens due to the decision of industrialized countries to concentrate on advanced technologies and thereby setting aside the communications side of their companies. Since the latter eats up much of the investment of companies, and considering further that citizens of these countries demand high salaries, international companies opted to shift this demand for labor to countries where salaries are relatively lower. Since outsourcing requires a fixed cost for communications, it is on salaries that companies limit on the cost.
If the communication cost is below than the critical level, outsourcing would increase the aggregate output of business service. Trade in business services increases the productivity of semi-skilled labor in the consumer service if the number of business partners is greater than the percentage increase on the fixed cost.
International trade in business services would increase the wage of semi-skilled labor by increasing the diversity of business sources. Its price is determined/set by the competitive condition.
This scenario led to the increase of salary scale of the semi-skilled labor which agitated the swift shift of both skilled and unskilled labor to semi-skilled, the former by lowering their standards as long as they earn, and the unskilled take extra efforts to learn in order to be able to suit the needs of companies handling outsourcing services.
This situation however appears to be temporary as continuous inflow of semi-skilled labor would cause a decrease in the salary scale, based on the theory of supply and demand. Oversupply of semi-skilled labor would send a signal to the outsourcing companies to lower their offer. Demand must be equivalent to endowment, the factor that determines the equilibrium number of business services. Hence, the higher the endowment, the greater diversity of business services is. The demand and supply of outsourcing service determines the price in equilibrium where the demand for such service is determinable by the income. In order to restore the equilibrium, the wage of unskilled labor should increase in the labor market.
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Law Of Trusts And Equity The Work Is To Be
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Law of Trusts and Equity. The work is to be 8 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. Therefore trust law has developed in such a way as to require certainty of intention, subject matter and object, as laid out in the case of Knight v Knight2 by Lord Langdale on the basis that no person is to be deprived of his or her property, nor any decision made about the disposition unless there is certainty of the intent of the testator and that the formality requirements have been adhered to as much as possible. .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .
In the case of Peter’s kin, the primary concern that arises is the disposition of their equitable interest in Peter’s estate. Therefore, if Peter’s next of kin wishes to contest the will, then the Courts will first of all look into the certainty of objects in order to determine whether it is a fixed trust or a discretionary test. Peter’s will satisfies the formality requirements and is, therefore, a valid one, however if the trust that has been set up Peter in favor of the University of Huddersfield fails the certainty of objects test, then the estate will automatically revert to Peter’s estate and therefore his next of kin may have a claim to it.
If a trust is to be determined to be a fixed trust, then it must be constituted in such a manner that all the members of the class are clearly known and identified. However, in a discretionary trust, the trustees can pay out incomes from the trust at their discretion and may have a wider range of powers at their disposal in order to act to the full benefit of the beneficiaries.
Therefore, in Peter’s case, the qualification as a fixed trust would require a clear identification of beneficiaries and there must not be any uncertainty as to the members that are to be included within that particular class. In Peter’s trust, the class has been defined as the ex-students and descendants of the ex-students of the college of Halifax of the year 1975. .
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I Will Pay For The Following Article Lean Implementation At Oak Hill The Work Is
/in Uncategorized /by developerI will pay for the following article Lean Implementation at Oak Hill. The work is to be 1 page with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. Lean Implementation and Supply Chain Development at Oak Hills Prof. Dave McCarthy Intro to Supply Chain Management 04/14 Monika Kotowska Christina DiPietro
Melissa Moreira
Jennifer Viernes
Samantha Chavanga
It is with no doubt that the distribution centers and manufacturing environments are changing and companies are looking for better opportunities to optimize people, processes and technology. Therefore, developing a competitive supply chain based on speed, innovation, and quality, to deal with unpredictable market conditions has become a vital part for most organizations.
Oak Hills facility is a unit of The Oil and Gas Services Company (TOGS) that produces testing equipment used in old and gas exploration. Oak Hills is currently experiencing an industry-wide recurring slump. Their current lead-time of domestic order for the testing equipment lies in between one to two weeks, with international orders yielding up to three months. Urgent requirement lies within the high costs associated with keeping the exploration idle – costing an average of $50,000 to $100,000 per day. In intending to reduce their lead-time to one week, as well as to increase operational efficiency, Oak Hills also plans to enhance customer service with the help of lean manufacturing techniques. Oak Hills level of inventory is much higher than necessary because of the high demand volatility and lack of vendor management.
The main issues that Oak Hills facility is facing are, employee related concerns, worn out machines, workload on quality department, the lack of quality checkpoints, and process inefficiency. All of which need to be solved before implanting the lean system. The lean system will help improve the processes and quality of the facility as well as lessen the wastage. However, employees are the key to this change. we need to change the current work environment to help boost the employee morale. Furthermore, machines and systems need to be updated in order to reduce waste of raw material and to save time and manpower. The management and employees at Oak Hills need to work together and communicate with one another in order to implement lean system successfully.
QUESTIONS
1. What are the specific quality problems Oak Hills is facing, and how will they influence the company’s ability to convert to a lean system?
There are four main quality problems that Oak Hills is facing are – Employees related concerns, damaged machines, Workload on quality department, and Lack of Quality.
Employee related fears: There is a lack of communication from management to employees regarding current lay-off’s due to the economy issues, which has diminished the employee morale. Additionally, issues of unfair bonuses pools are awarded on team basis, which employees are cross functionally trained, and are sometimes forced to assist other employees to complete the rush jobs.
Damaged machines: Oak Hills has been utilizing old worn-out machines for years in which are not up to par with current levels. This results in waste of raw materials and employee turmoil at work level creating negative impact on the company’s expenses and employee confidence.
Workload on quality department: The quality control department has been overloaded due to the fact that all seven units that are being used by the company are being started simultaneously, and all assemblers have to bring in their first boxes of the batch for quality assurance checks. Operating in this form will jeopardize the success of the quality control department and will result in many faulty products which in return can destroy the image of the company.
Lack of quality checkpoints: Oak Hills has a lack of quality checkpoints in which the company is not able to monitor the direction or the production of work in progress. The company does not perform quality checks when packing the products. this is only done during assembly. Therefore when products reach the customer in bad condition, Oak Hills cannot assign the faults to the correct department.
Oak Hills must ensure that these major issues become resolved before executing a lean system. Lean systems put into consideration a practice of zero wastage with improvement in processes and quality. The key individuals to conduct this change are the employees. in the current situation it might not be easy for the employees to accept the issue at hand easily — management must understand that quality is not for specific individuals only but both for the employees and management and help created an easy transition to guide employees into using this system by communicating and educating these changes.
2. What changes in the manufacturing environment need to be undertaken in order to convert the current system to a lean system? Think about this from both a short-term and a long-term perspective.
The changes that need to be made in the manufacturing environment are as follows:
Organization behavior: The lean system is reliant on the coordination of efforts between employees and the management. For the company to conduct the lean system they have to make sure that the management and all the employees are able to embrace lean views and the technicalities of the system. Management has to implement a proper information system that enables the employees to learn more about the system.
Connect with customers/suppliers: While Oak Hills is considering reducing the lead-time to one week, it is very crucial for the company to make sure it has constant communication with its suppliers and customers. The company should have real-time data on drilling projects and the various project information of their internal customers such as E&E and Triangle. This not only sorts their short-term problems, but will set them up for the long run.
Structure every activity and simplify the workflow: This procedure is very important in the sense that it focuses attention on production processes of the company. The productions manager should establish a proper system through which orders can be placed directly to avoid frantic disruptions of the work schedule.
Begin improvements: There are many improvements that the company has to consider, improvements like the quality of the product, reduction of raw materials, and product wastes. It goes into line with the lean system viewpoint that dictates zero wastage.
For Oak Hills to maintain excellence and process development that aligns with the lean system in long term, the important aspects is change that has to be put into place by leadership and create lean system thinking. The company has to be positioned in the lean system processes to be able sustain the quality in the long run.
3. How will the implementation of lean system impact employees, and what can be done to smooth the transition?
Implementing a Lean system does not dictate a specific result only outcome. it focuses on changes within all dimensions of the organization. This system begins with compliance and changes in overall views by the organizations employees, therefore, impacting internal sectors of the organization in several ways.
Team Dynamics:
Lean systems require multifunctional teams with rotational team leadership in order to include all involved. Currently, Oak Hills has established this system in its shipping department comprising a team of four men – the deliverer, assembler, assistant, and packer. However, some implementing to this system must occur. It is stated that although rotational duties exist amongst individuals, overall bonuses were team based, negating the fact that these members are involved in more than just one team. Rewards must then be considered for not only teamwork, but according to each task a single employee is responsible for successfully executing. This will create more productivity from its employees while reducing stress. Furthermore, in order for this system to become a successful mechanism within the organization, it must be integrated throughout the firm in its entirety, having all employees possess multifunctional skills.
Employee education/communication:
To achieve superior results and to entice a smooth transition, employees must receive appropriate education and training. Without this, employees will fail to posses skills needed to create value within the organization. Another major factor needed at Oak Hill, is trust and communication among team members and supervisors. Currently, no such connection exists between all departments. Rumors of impending mergers and lack of communication from management has dampened employee morale, provoking fears of unemployment. Employees must be aware of all issues and opportunities that exist within the company, and be able to embrace lean views in order to keep the organization functioning smoothly.
Overall, Oak hills management must implement these changes in methods including and involving all employees. Communication seems to be the leading factor to which failure seems to plague operations. Oak hills must keep all employees informed about changes and benefits. The implementation of Lean system will enable employees to become relieved of the stress by rush orders, and will create benefits and rewards as incentives to all employees for maximizing results leading to smoother operations across the company.
4. At what stage in the development of a supply chain is Oak Hills, and what can be done to improve the supply chain?
It is evident that a proper supply chain network does not yet exist at Oak Hills. Large volume foreign orders yielding lead times of up to three months, as well as many erratic Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E) domestic orders leading to rush jobs seems to be a continuing occurrence for Oak hills. The current relationship with the Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E) is scarce, preventing any accurate demand forecasting opportunities causing Oak hills plant an inventory turnover of only five times annually, prompting high inventory holding costs, delivery costs, and overtime pay associated with expediting orders. In addition, Black Dome, a manufacturing company supplying Oak hill its sensor board needs, lacks in on-time delivery creating late deliveries and rescheduling problems for Oak hills and E&E.
In order to repair these issues and strengthen the supply chain connection between all involved, Oak hills must adopt a practice of supply chain integration, using proper direct communication channels providing Oak hills with information concerning any current or impending projects by Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E). This will enable forecasting demands of testing instruments, and reduce all costs associated with rush orders as well as the amount of raw material inventory held onsite for unexpected orders. In addition, Oak Hills enlists of Materials Requirements Planning System (MRP), but must utilize this system entirely to schedule and manage with Black Dome the production planning and requirement planning to eliminate late deliveries and rescheduling.
5. For Oak Hills, what is the connection between demand management and the supply chain?
Demand management is directly linked to supply chain management because it involves prioritizing demand when supply is lacking. Proper demand management facilitates planning and use of resources for profitable results. Oak Hill is facing issues with the constant demand that continuously fluctuates causing many consequences. One of these consequences is a demand issue that Oak Hills is not updated with information of current or upcoming projects of its customers causing them to deal with rush order jobs. In order for them to complete orders on time, they must keep inventory levels high causing increased holding costs. Other than holding costs there are other issues associated with the demand unpredictability of Oak Hills orders such as delivery costs and overtime costs.
Lean system is powerful in reducing waste but Oak Hills must manage supply chain communication on its own because lean manufacturing does not guarantee to fix the demand dilemma. Supply chain management can be used in this situation by creating a production schedule. If Oak Hills receives details of its clients including Exploration and Extraction unit (E&E) projects, it can then schedule the production process, leading to decreased inventory costs.
6.What should Oak Hills do? What problems might occur in implementing your recommendations, and how can these problems be avoided or neutralized?
Implementing lean manufacturing can solve some of the issues involving the production process, but it can raise some issues within the company as well. One factor to be considered is that it is normally difficult for people to accept change. The way to get people to accept change is by communicating to stakeholders, clients, and employees the benefits of a lean system before implementing it. Once they have knowledge on the topic, this will allow them to accept the new change. Another problem that needs to be considered is the cost of implementing the lean system. Changing the process and techniques will cost money but management will need to be convinced about all the profits that will occur if they accept lean manufacturing. In the end, Oak Hills will encounter some issues while implementing the lean system but these issues can be resolved with communication.
Conclusion/ Recommendations
Based on the analysis, the Oak Hills facility needs urgent and strategic solutions to its challenges: the findings show that the facility’s product lines are not well managed due to little information about the current and impending Exploration and Extraction (E&E) projects, the costs of inventory holding and overtime pay is contributing to high overhead costs. The employee morale is low, hence poor customer service. demand is unpredictable, poor management of quality and workflow in the production system. There is wastage due to defects in the production system, caused by worn out machinery. The problems are not only in the production process, it is clear that the employees are not properly motivated due to poor communication, and a poor reward system. Employees should be aware of what is going on, they should be properly trained, and they should be compensated based on their input and effectiveness. this will increase employee morale, as well as their productivity levels.
In order to have a smooth transition into the lean system, it advisable that management communicates the change to all the stakeholders in the supply chain, including employees. Oak Hills facility has little knowledge of upcoming projects of the E&E units in its supply chain. the public relations and marketing departments should employ supply chain integration to ensure that they are in directly contact with the project managers of their customers and everyone in the supply chain. Using this information, they can be able to plan better for real time drilling projects, thus reducing the number of rush orders (demand management). The MRP system should also be implemented in the ordering of cases from Black Dome and Precision Milling to reduce the inventory holding costs, and the delays that occur. The worn out machinery in the production process, especially the assembly presses should be refurbished or replaced. This will help in reduce wastage in the production process due to product defects.
Reference
Shankar, Venkatesh . “Integrating Demand and Supply Chain Management.”http://www.pearsoned.ca.N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2014..
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