I REALLY need help with these questions

The Rambler, Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) discusses the subject of envy.

1. How does Samuel Johnson use rhetorical strategies and stylistic devices to convey his views about the role of envy in the lives of people in his time?

2.Pick two rhetorical strategies or stylistic devices and respond with a paragraph to each strategy/device. 

Thank you so much in advance!!!

The hostility perpetually exercised between one man and another, is caused by the desire of many for that which only few can possess. Every man would be rich, powerful, and famous; yet fame, power, and riches are only the names of relative conditions, which imply the dependence, and poverty of greater numbers.

This universal and incessant competition produces injury and malice by two motives, interest and envy; the prospect of adding to our possessions what we can take from others, and the hope of alleviating the sense of our disparity by lessening others, though we gain nothing to ourselves.

Of these two malignant and destructive powers, it seems probable at the first view, that interest has the strongest and most extensive influence. It is easy to conceive that opportunities to seize what has been long wanted, may excite desires almost irresistible; but surely the same eagerness cannot be kindled by an accidental power of destroying that which gives happiness to another. It must be more natural to rob for gain, than to ravage only for mischief.

Yet I am inclined to believe, that the great law of mutual benevolence is oftener violated by envy than by interest, and that most of the misery which the defamation of blameless actions, or the obstruction of honest endeavours, brings upon the world, is inflicted by men that propose no advantage to themselves but the satisfaction of poisoning the banquet which they cannot taste, and blasting the harvest which they have no right to reap.

Interest can diffuse itself but to a narrow compass. The number is never large of those who can hope to fill the posts of degraded power, catch the fragments of shattered fortune, or succeed to the honors of depreciated beauty. But the empire of envy has no limits, as it requires to its influence very little help from external circumstances. Envy may always be produced by idleness and pride, and in what place will they not be found?

Interest requires some qualities not universally bestowed. The ruin of another will produce no profit to him who has not discernment to mark his advantage, courage to seize, and activity to pursue it; but the cold malignity of envy may be exerted in a torpid and quiescent state, amidst the gloom of stupidity, in the coverts of cowardice. He that falls by the attacks of interest, is torn by hungry tigers; he may discover and resist his enemies. He that perishes in the ambushes of envy, is destroyed by unknown and invisible assailants, and dies like a man suffocated by a poisonous vapor, without knowledge of his danger, or possibility of contest.

Interest is seldom pursued but at some hazard. He that hopes to gain much, has commonly something to lose, and when he ventures to attack superiority, if he fails to conquer, is irrecoverably crushed. But envy may act without expense or danger. To spread suspicion, to invent calumnies, to propagate scandal, requires neither labor nor courage. It is easy for the author of a lie, however malignant, to escape detection, and infamy needs very little industry to assist its circulation.

Envy is almost the only vice which is practicable at all times, and in every place; the only passion which can never lie quiet for want of irritation: its effects therefore are everywhere discover able, and its attempts always to be dreaded.

It is impossible to mention a name which any advantageous distinction has made eminent, but some latent animosity will burst out. The wealthy trader, however he may abstract himself from public affairs, will never want those who hint, with Shylock, that ships are but boards. The beauty, adorned only with the unambitious graces of innocence and modesty, provokes, whenever she appears, a thousand murmurs of detraction. The genius, even when he endeavors only to entertain or instruct, yet suffers persecution from innumerable critics, whose acrimony is excited merely by the pain of seeing others pleased, and of hearing applause’s which another enjoys.

The frequency of envy makes it so familiar, that it escapes our notice; nor do we often reflect upon its turpitude or malignity, till we happen to feel its influence. When he that has given no provocation to malice, but by attempting to excel, finds himself pursued by multitudes whom he never saw, with all the implacability of personal resentment; when as a public enemy, and incited by every stratagem of defamation; when he hears the misfortunes of his family, or the follies of his youth, exposed to the world; and every failure of conduct, or defect of nature, aggravated and ridiculed; he then learns to abhor those artifices at which he only laughed before, and discovers how much the happiness of life would be advanced by the eradication of envy from the human heart.

Envy is, indeed, a stubborn weed of the mind, and seldom yields to the culture of philosophy. There are, however, considerations, which, if carefully implanted and diligently propagated, might in time overpower and repress it, since no one can nurse it for the sake of pleasure, as its effects are only shame, anguish, and perturbation.

It is above all other vices inconsistent with the character of a social being, because it sacrifices truth and kindness to very weak temptations. He that plunders a wealthy neighbor gains as much as he takes away, and may improve his own condition in the same proportion as he impairs another’s; but he that blasts a flourishing reputation, must be content with a small dividend of additional fame, so small as can afford very little consolation to balance the guilt by which it is obtained.

I have hitherto avoided that dangerous and empirical morality, which cures one vice by means of another. But envy is so base and detestable, so vile in its original, and so pernicious in its effects, that the predominance of almost any other quality is to be preferred. It is one of those lawless enemies of society, against which poisoned arrows may honestly be used. Let it therefore be constantly remembered, that whoever envies another, confesses his superiority, and let those be reformed by their pride who have lost their virtue.

It is no slight aggravation of the injuries which envy incites, that they are committed against those who have given no intentional provocation; and that the sufferer is often marked out for ruin, not because he has failed in any duty, but because he has dared o do more than was required.

Almost every other crime is practiced by the help of some quality which might have produced esteem or love, if it had been well employed; but envy is mere unmixed and genuine evil; it pursues a hateful end by despicable means, and desires not so much its own happiness as another’s misery. To avoid depravity like this, it is not necessary that any one should aspire to heroism or sanctity, but only that he should resolve not to quit the rank which nature assigns him, and wish to maintain the dignity of a human being

 

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I really need help with this python programming assignment

Program Requirements

For part 1, I need a program with 2 functions specifically these

• fib(): Takes a single integer argument num terms greater than or equal to 1 and for each

of the num terms terms of the Fibonacci sequence prints 1) the number of the term—i.e., 1,

2, 3…, 2) the corresponding Fibonacci number, and 3) the ratio of the current and previous Fibonacci

numbers as shown below. The ratio, printed only for x1 and higher, is an approximation

of the golden ratio = 1.61803398875…

• main(): Prompts the user for the number of terms s/he wants to find and calls the void function

fib().

The program giving the following output

1 Enter the number of terms you want to find: 2

2 1 1

3 2 1 1.0

1 Enter the number of terms you want to find: 9

2 1 1

3 2 1 1.0

4 3 2 2.0

5 4 3 1.5

6 5 5 1.66666666667

7 6 8 1.6

8 7 13 1.625

9 8 21 1.61538461538

10 9 34 1.61904761905

The last line of your program should be a call to main(). Don’t forget to include docstrings!

How many terms are needed to obtain an approximation to the golden ratio accurate to 4 decimal

places?

Program Requirements

For part 2,i need the following functions

• get floats(): It take a single integer argument and returns

a list of floats. where it was something like this

def get_floats(n):

  lst = []

  for i in range(1,n+1):

    val = float(input(‘Enter float ‘+str(i)+’: ‘))

    lst.append(val)

  return lst

• summer(): This non-void function takes a single list argument, and returns the sum of the

list. However, it does not use the sum() function to do so. See “Summing Values the Hard

Way” below for instructions on how to implement this function.

• average(): This non-void function uses the list of numbers returned by get floats() as

its argument and returns the average value, a float, to the calling program. It calls summer()

to sum the values in the list. Its body can actually be a single line: a return statement followed

by the appropriate expression. See the notes below on “Calculating Averages.”

• std dev(): This non-void function takes two arguments, the list of numbers obtained by

get floats() and the average obtained using average(), and returns the standard deviation,

a float value. The function should initialize an accumulator to zero and then use a

for-loop in which the average is subtracted from the list value and the result is squared and

added to the accumulator. After the for-loop has finished looping, the accumulator should be

divided by the number of elements in the list, the square root taken, and the result returned to

the calling function. See the notes below on “Calculating Standard Deviations.”

• main(): Finally, write the void function main(). It should prompt a user for the number

of elements desired in the list and should call the non-void functions get floats(),

average(), and std dev(). Then it should print the average and standard deviation to the

screen. Use the round() function to round off the standard deviation to two decimal places.

Summing Values the HardWay1

summer() takes a single list argument. First you need to initialize an accumulator to zero, then

use a for-loop to add the value of each element in the list, and finally return the total sum to the

calling program. The proper behavior of summer() is demonstrated below.

1The easy way is to use the built-in function sum().

5

1 >>> x = [9, 3, 21, 15]

2 >>> summer(x)

3 48

4 >>> summer([31.12, -16.32, 24.9, 82.0, 14.0])

5 135.7

Calculating Averages

Recall that the average of a list of numbers is simply the sum of the values divided by the number of

values. Mathematically, for a set of numbers x1, x2, · · ·, xN, the average is given by

¯x =

1

N

(x1 + x2 + · · · + xN)

where N is the number of terms in the list. The average, or mean, is often indicated by an overbar—

i.e., ¯x indicates the average of a set of numbers xk. The average is also given by

¯x =

1

N

XN

k=1

xk

where the uppercase Greek letter Sigma () means perform a sum. The expression to the right of

Sigma is what is to be summed. The expression below Sigma initializes a summation index (in this

case k) and the term above Sigma indicates the final value of the summation index.

Calculating Standard Deviations

The standard deviation is a measure of how much fluctuation or deviation there is in a set of numbers

after the average has been subtracted from each of the values2. If all the values in a list are equal to

the average, then the standard deviation is zero. If the standard deviation is large, then it means many

values deviate considerably from the average. The standard deviation is represented by the lowercase

Greek letter sigma (). For a set of numbers x1, x2, · · ·, xN, the standard deviation is given by

=

s

1

N

[(x1 − ¯x)2 + (x2 − ¯x)2 + · · · + (xN − ¯x)2]

where ¯x is the average. Recall that in Python we can square a value z using z ** 2 and we can

calculate the square root using z ** 0.5.

The following three examples demonstrate the results you should obtain for three different sets of

input for your stats.py program. Each of these has the same mean but an increasing standard

deviation. In the first, all the values are the same and hence the standard deviation is zero.

1 Enter the number of list elements: 5

2 Enter float 1: 50

2For further discussion of standard deviation, see <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation>.

6

3 Enter float 2: 50

4 Enter float 3: 50

5 Enter float 4: 50

6 Enter float 5: 50

7 Average = 50.0

8 Standard deviation = 0.0

Here the values are spread out, spanning the range 30 to 70:

1 Enter the number of list elements: 5

2 Enter float 1: 30

3 Enter float 2: 40

4 Enter float 3: 50

5 Enter float 4: 60

6 Enter float 5: 70

7 Average = 50.0

8 Standard deviation = 14.14

In the final example the values range between 10 and 90:

1 Enter the number of list elements: 5

2 Enter float 1: 10

3 Enter float 2: 30

4 Enter float 3: 50

5 Enter float 4: 70

6 Enter float 5: 90

7 Average = 50.0

8 Standard deviation = 28.28

Don’t forget to include docstrings in all your functions!

please double check the indentations

 

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I REALLY NEED THIS DONE ASAP!

PLEASE READ ENTIRE INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE AGREEING TO DO THE ASSSIGNMENT!!

—–>I’VE ATTACHED THE TEMPLATE THE PROFESSOR WANTS US TO USE!

MS Access 2013 Exam Requirements – (Example: Buying a Vehicle)

Grading: 100 Points (Exam 2: MS Access 2013 Exam)

There are 2 Parts for this Exam. Part 1 is 40 points, Part 2 is 45 points, and the 3 website links are 15 points. You should complete MS Access 2013 Tutorial A-D Assignments in your textbook BEFORE you begin this exam. You can choose a different topic for this Exam (i.e. Electronics, Clothes, Shoes, Grocery Store, Airline, Furniture, or just about anything that works for you).

For MS Access 2013 Exam – Part 1 & 2, first you will need tosearch the Internet for information, thencreate a MS Word documentand provide brief responses about setting up database fields and using features in MS Access 2013 for the scenario below.

Note: Type your first and last name at the top of yourMS Word document.Marginsshould be 1”(top, bottom, left, right)and Part 1, Part 2& Web site links should fit on one page only!

Buying a New (or Used) Vehicle (or any other topic that you choose)In the near future you would like to buy a new or used vehicle. Use a search engine (such as Google.com) to search the Internet and find vehicles on at least three different Web sites. Think about how you could use MS Access 2013 to set up vehicle information in your own database and then use various database features.

Note: Copy andpaste the 3 different Web site links(from the address bar where you found your information) to the end of your MS Word document.

Part 1 – List TEN Field names that you could include in your databaseand provide examples of each, based upon the information you found about vehicles on the Internet (Example: Price, Year, Color, MPG, Engine, Transmission, and options such as Power Windows, Sunroof, etc.). Define the appropriate Data Type (Text, Number, Date/Time, etc. – see pg. AC 7 in MS Office Access 2013 Illustrated Introductory textbook)for each field. Specify the Field Length(Number of Characters)for each field.

Part 2 – Describe how you could use each of the following MS Access 2013 featureswithyour database: Queriesto create a query, Formsto create a simple form, and Reportsto create a simple report. For Part 2, there should be 3 paragraphswith a minimumof 3 sentences per paragraph about how you will use these features in a MS Access database. You must use specific fields and examples that you provided in Part 1 (above). 

Important: You do not need to create a MS Access 2013 database for this Exam!You must use MS Word 2013 for all of your responses to Part 1, Part 2, and Web Sites Links An example is provided – see Sample – MS Access 2013 Exam – Buying a Wedding Cake

—->ATTACHED IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT MY PROFESSOR IS REQUESTING!!

 

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I receive an invoice on Dec 1st for my insurance premium covering the next year. As habit, I code my insurance bill to prepaid expense and pass it on to the payables clerk to into the accounting system. The clerk posts the entry to prepaid and accounts payable. As the accountant, I record the addition to prepaid expense so that I can amortize the appropriate amount of expense each month next year.

The company controller who is in charge of releasing payments holds off on remittance due to cash flow issues – and fails to pay the bill until February. Oops!

So… is the invoice date for a future period of coverage the most important part of what makes a bill a prepaid expense? Or is the actual remittance of funds that makes it prepaid? How should we address and correctly post this invoice?

 

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I recommend that the new business priority should be cybersecurity. If some information was leaked to outsiders, he would take advantage of this opportunity to exploit our weaknesses and suffer a great loss.

      The risk of insider threats in comparison with external threats is an ongoing debate, although more companies notice the risks that insiders can present to the data security of the company today than in the past. Historically, outsiders usually perform data breaches that make the news. While these violations can cost hundreds of thousands( often millions more) of dollars, Outsider threats are usually threats that traditional security measures have addressed. It is the threats from within that are much harder to prevent and detect using one- size- all security measures.

Usually this can be prevented. Although no single strategy fits all, the practice of basic cyber hygiene would address or mitigate a large majority of safety violations. It is also essential to be prepared when an intrusion occurs and to have a method of communication to respond, to actively monitor centralized host and networks and to include enhanced monitoring to detect known security events.

Employee complacency is the most important obstacle that a company can overcome. In most corporate environments, more than 80 percent of employees are unable to articulate a real understanding of IT security issues and are most likely to introduce a virus by downloading NSFW, accept malware by phishing, Introduce a corrupted mobile device( BYOD) into the corporate network or engage in some sort of inadvertent human error that could threaten data security( not update security settings, use simple passwords, secure public wifi work, etc.).

Outside actors take full advantage of the vulnerabilities of these insiders. This is precisely what happened with the breach of target data. In this example, the hackers stored an authorized vendor’s username and password. This gave them unlimited access to the target network without alarm or alarm. Hackers no longer break through back doors that can give rise to alarms. They steal the keys of authorized users and walk directly through the front door today.

References

Insider vs. Outsider Data Security Threats: What’s the Greater Risk? (2018, April 06). Retrieved from https://digitalguardian.com/blog/insider-outsider-data-security-threats

(n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/social-engineering-fundamentals-part-i-hacker-tactics

 

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