Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic Hinduism & Jainism. Hinduism and Jainism Hinduism and Jainism are of the most worldwide religions that are practiced by millions of population all over the world. Although they both possess many similarities, JAINISM AND HINDUISM are unique in their own spheres. Unlike the matters of rebirth and afterlife, both possess their own scriptures. Moreover, their objects of worship also differ. In Jainism, worship is not meant to be only for God, for also for individuals who have reached the prime ideal and have become one with the God. The purpose of worship in Hinduism is also not the same as Jainism. In Jainism, no practices of food are offered to God or the divine. Consequently, Hindus give offerings of gift and materialistic needs for the divine. Rituals and traditions of sacrifices also differ in both religions. Since Hinduism is more focused on sacrifice, the focus of sacrificing animals is prevalent in Hinduism. In Jainism, this form of practice is refuted and discouraged. As mentioned above, the theory of salvation and afterlife is quite essential in both religions. While the Hindus believe that only God can truly achieve salvation, Jainism insists that humans are the only creation that can reach that level of state. Karma is another focal point that differentiates the two religions. Salvation is another crucial concept in which both religions tend to have differences. Hindus believe that Gods can only achieve salvation. However, the Jainas consider this privilege of human beings only. While Hindus regard Karma as an invisible power, Jainas think that it is something that comes from “within.” Clearly, both religions share many similarities but also possess many differences.

Works Cited

“Jainism and other religions.” Jainworld. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. .

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic Importance of the Development of the New Transformation Process Gas to Liquids. Some of the production or operational barriers that Shell must overcome to make GLT successful

One of the barriers that Shell needs to overcome is the high cost of the production process that might render the process infeasible. High level of energy input that the process requires is another operational barrier that faces the company. The required energy input may also make the process uneconomical besides its adverse effects on energy and environmental sustainability initiatives (Ferrell, Hirt and Ferrel 161).

Shell’s commitment to the project should the project fail to pay off within five years

Shell should continue with its commitment to the project even if it does not pay off within five years. This is because the project may be highly profitable in the end. The company may also benefit from the project’s marginal revenues after the period and the revenues can be used towards paying off the start-up cost. Shell should also maintain its commitment to the project because of identifiable secondary benefits such as future business relations (Ferrell, Hirt and Ferrel 161).

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic Influences on Judicial Decision Making. Influences on Judicial Decision Making al Affiliation The decision making process by various judges is influenced by various factors as we shall establish in this activity. The decision making process is critical in making any judgment as it can mean that justice can be administered or not. The evaluation of the evidence presented as well as looking at previous cases in the line with the one at hand facilitates the process of coming up with an advised decision. The factors that influence the judge’s decision include.-

(1). Judicial Precedent-in some cases the decision made in one case acts as a link or binder to later cases that are to be made using the same reasoning and law. A superior judge will often make a decision that binds all the judgments that had been made prior to his judgment. (2). Partisanship-In some cases especially the ones involving a given political affiliation, many judges have been found to make decisions that are favoring one of the sides that they favor. (3). Social Background-though quite negligible in affecting the decision of the judges, the social backgrounds have affected how the final decisions are made. For instance a judge who was brought up in a family where marital fights and abuse were common will be more vigilant in handling such cases (Dimitri & Lax, 2009. Uddin, n.d).

Attorney Joe Smith would have the following advantages if he wants to postpone a case until a further date. First due to his close professional interaction with the judges it is possible that he knows their competence levels a factor that is core in the process of defining a case. Second he knows their schedule and since he has a direct contact with all of them he will be able to make his request easily and his request honored (Dimitri & Lax, 2009).

References

Dimitri, L. & Lax, J. R. (2009). Legal Doctrine on Collegial Courts. The Journal of Politics. 71(3). p. 949-963.

Uddin, B. (n.d). Judicial Decision Making would be better if Judges were more truthful about their Reasons for Particular Decisions, even if those Reasons are Extra-Legal. The Student Journal of Law. Available at.

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic Justifying Beliefs. Justifying Beliefs Philosophy is not only about developing one’s ideas and finding the truth. A great part of philosophy lies in the justification of the ideas and beliefs that is found in the search for life’s answers. Many philosophers and philosophical schools of thought have strived to justify their stand to be valid, and this get into arguments with other conflicting ideas. According to Mosser (2010), “philosophical disputes seek to increase our understanding, both of our own views and those of others”. The justification of different beliefs is not just a matter of credibility, but also to try to promote an understanding of diverse schools of thought.

Socrates held that one should not just believe without having any meaning. Brumbaugh (1966) noted that for Socrates “the ends for which virtue was commended as a means were exactly those that were really external to happiness and true character: money, beauty, strength, prestige and so on” (pp.129-130). Knowledge, virtue and truth for Socrates are beliefs which we must find out for ourselves and never stop asking questions until we reach an answer that suffices. The more questions and scrutiny are being given others, the more perspectives can be taken and studied. In a way this can also be seen in the American Pragmatism which Stumpf (1999) noted as “the way thought works in action” (p.356). Belief must also have a practical application in daily life for it to be justified as well and not just some form or means of intellectual sparring.

References

Brumbaugh, R.S. (1966). The philosophers of Greece. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd

Mosser, K. (2010). A concise introduction to philosophy. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Stumpf, S.E (1999). Socrates to Sartre: A History of Philosophy. Boston: McGraw-Hill Book Co.

 

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Hi, need to submit a 250 words paper on the topic M8A1 Corporate Social. M8A1- Corporate social responsibility Trends in corporate social responsibility (CSR) Introduction There is enough evidence that CSR is a significant contributing factor to the success of business organizations across the world (Mullerat, 2010). Globally, multinational companies are developing corporate sustainability programs that conserve the ecological environment and improve the welfare of the communities (May, Cheney & Roper, 2007). Companies are incorporating social sustainability in the budgeting and strategic planning processes such as acquiring new facilities, or buildings in order to promote the social impact of the company activities (Asongu, 2007).

One of the current trends in CSR is the emergency of green manufacturing through energy efficient technologies and reduction of raw material wastage in the manufacturing process (Mullerat, 2010). Corporations have undertaken measures to re-engineer the operations in order to make them more eco-friendly and sustainable. May, Cheney & Roper (2007) asserts that a majority of the multinational companies use recyclable packaging, renewable energy sources and have minimized pollution levels occasioned by their operations. In addition, many corporations have contributed heavily to social causes such as disease prevention, education and sanitation in order to ensure positive social impact in the communities. (Amao, 2011). The corporations have encouraged employees to volunteer in social causes of their choice.

Another common trend that is evident is the increase in CRS reporting and engagement. Many companies have created CSR departments that are supposed to collect data and prepare annual CSR reports and the impact on the company activities on the social environment (Amao, 2011). CSR has been integrated in the non-financial reporting in order to create awareness that the business is a responsible company that caters for the needs of all stakeholders. Many companies have implemented the ISO 14000 environmental management standard and Global Pact standards that aim at ensuring social sustainability (Asongu, 2007).

There is increasing use of the social media in CSR activities of the companies. Many businesses have formed online blogs and discussion forums that are used to understand the ideas and suggestions of the stakeholders (Mullerat, 2010). The thirsty for information and environmental activism has forced companies to report their CSR activities through the social media in order to maintain the regular engagement with the stakeholders (May, Cheney & Roper, 2007).

However, it is worthy noting that the government has increased its oversight and regulatory role in order to ensure companies meet their social obligations (Mullerat, 2010). For instance, tax evasion scandals like the Enron scandal and environmental scandals like BP disaster has forced the government to issue more regulation in order to conserve the environment and secure the interests of the stakeholders (Amao, 2011). In addition, the corporations have been forced to adhere with numerous covenants on climate change like the Kyoto protocol that seeks to reduce the amount of carbon emissions in order to combat climate change.

Conclusion

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has witnessed several new trends such as the increase in CSR reporting, green manufacturing initiatives, use of social media in disseminating information and increased government intervention. Many companies have enacted sustainability programs in their strategic planning and implemented measures to enhance eco-friendly operations. Recycling and stakeholder engagement are several initiatives that have been undertaken by corporations in order to enhance the social impact. Philanthropy towards social causes and employee volunteerism are other notable trends in CSR.

References:

Amao, O. (2011). Corporate social responsibility, human rights and the law: multinational corporations in developing countries. London: Taylor & Francis.

Asongu, J.J. (2007). Strategic corporate social responsibility in practice. New York: Greenview Publishing.

May, S., Cheney, G & Roper, J. (2007). The debate over corporate social responsibility. New York: Oxford University Press.

Mullerat, R. (2010). International corporate social responsibility: the role of corporations in the economic order of the 21st century. New York: Kluwer Law International.

 

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