Hi, I need help with essay on The Evidence-Base for the effectiveness of PECS. Paper must be at least 2000 words. Please, no plagiarized work!

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These include the use of manual signs, voice-output communication devices, and different picture-based systems such as the PECS. The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) employs fundamental behavioral principles and techniques such as shaping, differential reinforcement, and transfer of stimulus control through delay. The child with autism uses velcro to mount the pictures on a PECS board, known as a notebook. The pictures help the child in learning to communicate. For making a request, the child is taught to use the pictures on the PECS board to create a ‘sentence’ by selecting picture cards such as ‘I want’ card plus ‘juice’ card. This request is then delivered to a communicative partner. The PECS thus teaches a child to take the initiative in making a request for both seen and unseen items, to respond to questions such as “what do you want?”, and to make social comments such as “I see a book” or other object (Charlop-Christy et al (2002). …

percent of children with autism remain mute, despite the use of behavioral interventions such as discrete-trial procedures, incidental teaching, delay procedures, and pivotal response training. For this reason, interventions such as the Picture Exchange Communication System which focus on alternative communication strategies, have been developed, for children who do not develop speech. These programs involve nonvocal methods of communication, “and include sign language, picture-point systems, electronic devices, and other picture-communication systems”, state Charlop-Christy et al (2002, p.213). Further, the Picture Exchange Communication System is valuable for children with autism because most of them have high levels of visual memory, they are visual thinkers, and are able to memorize by rote easily, besides being able to “process a greater amount of material at a very fast pace, and are meticulous in performing tasks to the point of perfection”, state Heflin and Alaimo (2007). Individuals with insufficient language skills as a result of various disabilities or disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, are benefited by interventions using the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), a visually based communication system. One of its greatest benefits is that it requires that attention be given to the message recipient using a behavior that does not require eye contact. “Showing attention to the message recipient as part of the communication act is a critical distinction between intentional action and intentional communication” (Yoder &amp. Lieberman, 2010, p.629), and increases the probability of potentially communicative behavior being responded to, by mothers or other care givers of autistic children.

 

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Hi, I need help with essay on The Evolution Theory: Lamarck vs. Darwin. Paper must be at least 500 words. Please, no plagiarized work!

These adaptations were mainly related to the way the organisms used their various parts of the body. He put forth the theory that those body parts of the organisms that were used less frequently or that were never used at all to help them survive in their environment would not be needed in future. This, according to him, is the Law of Use and Disuse. This theory of evolution was supported through the inheritance of acquired characteristics. This aspect was, however, challenged in the coming years with the discovery of the fact that genes are passed on from one generation to the next, which meant that his initial theory was rendered baseless, as the characteristics of an organism is provided by its genes which are not subject to change within the life of the organism. Although the body cells might change but that does not warrant the fact that the sex cells would change too. In order to prove this theory, an experiment was conducted whereby the tails of some mice were cut off but their offsprings had a tail when they were born. Similarly in the case of giraffes, who lived in dry regions where the leaves are high and they had to stretch their necks to eat those leaves. The stretching of necks over a period of time, led their necks to stretch and grow and the same was then passed on to their offsprings, meaning thereby, that all the future generations of giraffes shall have long necks.

Charles Darwin, on the other hand, was of the opinion that there are innumerable kinds of species and this very fact, of the differences among the species allowed some of them to be more adaptable / successful than the others in a given environment. He labeled this phenomenon as natural selection.

 

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Hi, I need help with essay on The federal judiciary. Paper must be at least 500 words. Please, no plagiarized work!

In cases where an act of legislation is made by the legislature but it goes against the constitution the court has a right to rescind that act.

The executive is aimed at having more powers and advancing its authority as well as limiting the congressional powers. The legislative veto was the powerful mechanism that congress used for its oversight and was meant to make checks on the government and a policy-making instrument. They went beyond their powers and exercise duties or veto rules made by executive at times and the judicial review would come in like in the case of Chadha.

Chadha, an international student whose visa had expired, was due for deportation but applied for a suspension and an application was made by the Attorney General for suspension since Chadha would face hardships and did not have anywhere to go. The INS judge suspended the deportation and made a report to the congress under law. The house sub-committee recommended deportation but did not make submission to the members for vote. It was thus passed without vote or debate. After the veto by the house it was not submitted to the senate or president, but the INS judge reopened proceedings and Chadha was ordered deported. He filed a petition for review and the court of appeal held that the house was without consultative authority and thus approved the suspension.

The INS argued in this case that the Immigration and Nationality Act had violated the separation of powers as it had authorized the legislature to revoke decisions made by the executive arm. It also found out that the particular section of the act was unconstitutional since it violated the principles bicameralism and the presentment clause. The court ruled that the house had taken action that meant to alter the duties of attorney general. The ruling stroke down the legislative veto and the attorney general had the delegated duty of the executive and thus by vetoing

 

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Hi, I need help with essay on The five marketing orientation. Paper must be at least 500 words. Please, no plagiarized work!

The five marketing orientation

The production concept is one of the oldest system in the world which in the United States began to proliferate itself after the industrial revolution. The typical production company is dedicated to some form of manufacturing activity. Based on the production concept customer react based on the law of supply and demand in which price is a determining factor of the desire of a customer to acquire an item (Varian, 2003). As lower prices the demand of a product increases, thus the production of the company increases in accordance. The management teams in company following the production concept emphasis on improving the operating efficiency of the firm to lower costs and streamline the operation in all aspects of its supply chain. The supply chain of a company is the network of distributors, transporters, storage facilities, and suppliers that participate in the sale, delivery, and production of a product. The production concept can be applied to service companies.

A second strategic marketing orientation is the product concept. The product concept stipulates that consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality, performance, or innovative features (Kotler, 2002). A company adds value to its business by make improvement and enhancements to its featured products. An example of this application be can be seen in the company Sony. One of the most popular products of the company is its portable playstation system (PSP).

 

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Hi, I need help with essay on The Food and Farming Transition. Paper must be at least 750 words. Please, no plagiarized work!

This makes it possible to do away with hunger problems resulting from scarcity of food. The only reason why a people from an area can die of hunger may be economic ability to purchase the products not the scarcity. The inability to purchase means the prices are high which could only means the products are not locally produced (Richard Heinberg, 2009). Products produced from far have more value fuel costs attached to it making less affordable to people. While, it may be true that there is more economic gains than losses, it is important to note that this can only be true in some areas and remains to be oppositely true in the area of general gains in all aspects.

However, globalization contributes to contamination of the food on transit while also raising a major concern that motivates a rethinking of globalization. This is the high consumption of fuel in the form of fertilizer production process, large-scale farming and other fuel consumption processes that is the case with large-scale agricultural production.

Agricultural production in America is done by few people due to large-scale production that employs the use of machineries that consumes fuels. This is a major concern given the diminishing fuel production. To help save the problem that may be caused by uncertainty in oil prices, the governments should reconsider their fuel use policies and compare it against the benefits of transitioning to the policy of using less fuels and local production of agricultural products thereby less relying on imports (Heinberg, 2003).

This can be done by reducing the dependence on products that heavily rely on fuel use by acknowledging the demerits posed by the same. Few people practice agriculture because land is less and most services are mechanized. Fertilizers that are used are produced through a process that in itself can produce so much crops than fertilizers and use so much fuel thereby contributing to diminishing of the same. Machineries

 

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