American writer Nikki Giovanni once said: “Mistakes are a fact of life. It is the response to the error that counts” (Goodreads, 2012). Whenever you make an error when writing a prescription, you must consider the ethical and legal implications of your error—no matter how seemingly insignificant it might be. You may fear the possible consequences and feel pressured not to disclose the error. Regardless, you need to consider the potential implications of non-disclosure. How you respond to the prescription error will affect you, the patient, and the health care facility where you practice. In this Assignment, you examine ethical and legal implications of disclosure and nondisclosure of personal error.

Consider the following scenario:

· You are working as an advanced practice nurse at a community health clinic. You make an error when prescribing a drug to a patient. You do not think the patient would know that you made the error, and it certainly was not intentional.

To prepare:

· Consider the ethical implications of disclosure and nondisclosure.

· Research federal and state laws for advanced practice nurses. Reflect on the legal implications of disclosure and nondisclosure for you and the health clinic.

· Consider what you would do as the advanced practice nurse in this scenario including whether or not you would disclose your error.

· Review the Institute for Safe Medication Practices website in the Learning Resources. Consider the process of writing prescriptions. Think about strategies to avoid medication errors.

Write a 2- to 3- page paper that addresses the following:

· Explain the ethical and legal implications of disclosure and nondisclosure. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.

· Describe what you would do as the advanced practice nurse in this scenario including whether or not you would disclose your error. Provide your rationale.

· Explain the process of writing prescriptions including strategies to minimize medication errors.

– This work should have Introduction and conclusion

– This work should have at 4 to 6 current references 

– Use at least 3 references from class Learning Resources

The following Resources are not acceptable:

1. Wikipedia

2. Cdc.gov- nonhealthcare professionals section

3. Webmd.com

4. Mayoclinic.com

Required Readings

**Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

• Chapter 1, “Issues for the           Practitioner in Drug Therapy” (pp. 3–14)
            This chapter introduces issues relating to      drug therapy such as adverse      drug events and      medication adherence. It also explores drug safety, the           practitioner’s role and responsibilities in      prescribing, and prescription      writing.
• Chapter 59, “The Economics           of Pharmacotherapeutics” (pp. 1009-1018)
            This chapter analyzes the costs of drug      therapy to health care systems and      society      and explores practice guideline compliance and current issues in           medical care.
• Chapter 60, “Integrative      Approaches to      Pharmacotherapy—A Look at      Complex Cases” (pp. 1021-1036)
            This chapter examines issues in individual      patient cases. It explores      concepts relating      to evaluation, drug selection, patient education, and           alternative treatment options.

**Crigger, N., & Holcomb, L. (2008). Improving nurse practitioner practice through rational prescribing. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 4(2), 120–125.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article explores issues relating to prescription drugs, specifically the frequency in which drugs are prescribed to patients. It also examines factors to consider before beginning drug therapy plans with patients.

**Philipsen, N. C., & Soeken, D. (2011). Preparing to blow the whistle: A survival guide for nurses. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 7(9), 740–746.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article examines issues that nurses encounter when reporting errors in medical settings. It also outlines the role of ethics and the responsibility of nurses to notify all individuals who are impacted by a medical error.

**American Nurses Association. (2001). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Nursing World. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/CodeofEthicsforNurses/Code-of-Ethics-For-Nurses.html

This article outlines ethical standards in the nursing profession and identifies nine provisions of care that must be adhered to by all nurses.

**Anderson, P., & Townsend, T. (2010). Medication errors: Don’t let them happen to you. American Nurse Today, 5(3), 23–28. Retrieved from https://americannursetoday.com/medication-errors-dont-let-them-happen-to-you/

This article examines factors that lead to medication errors as well as consequences of these errors on patients and nurses. It also recommends methods for avoiding and eliminating medication errors.

**Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Mid-level practitioners authorization by state. Retrieved from August 23, 2012, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugreg/practioners/index.html

This website outlines the schedules for controlled substances, including prescriptive authority for each schedule.

**Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

**Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). ISMP’s list of error-prone abbreviations, symbols, and dose designations. Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/Tools/errorproneabbreviations.pdf

This website provides a list of prescription writing abbreviations that might lead to misinterpretation, as well as suggestions for preventing resulting errors.

**Byrne, W. (2011). U.S. nurse practitioner prescribing law: A state-by-state summary. Medscape Nurses. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/440315

**Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Code of federal regulations. Retrieved August 23, 2012, from http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1300/1300_01.htm

 

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This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcome (CO). 

• CO 1: Examine the sources of evidence that contribute to professional nursing practice. (PO 7)
• CO 5: Recognize the role of research findings in evidence-based practice. (PO 7 & 8)

Discussion

Improving patient care and outcomes is paramount to the practice of nursing. As we conclude our learning journey through our world of research and evidence-based practice, it is important to reflect upon your time spent in the course:

• Think about nursing practice and describe one barrier that you feel prohibits nurses from engaging in EBP; share one strategy you could use to facilitate the use of evidence to help improve nursing care for patients.
• Reflect back over your time in the course and describe how your thinking has changed about nursing research and evidence-based practice; describe one new learning during this course that you believe was the most helpful.

References: Houser, J. (2018). Nursing research: Reading, using, and creating evidence (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

This textbook is available as an e-book and can be accessed from the module view.

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

 

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The Evolution of Nursing: Future Perspectives and Challenges

Purpose:

Nurses work together in many environments. Understanding the roles and responsibilities of each type of graduate nurse will foster cooperative relationships.

Directions:

1. Analyze a specialty that has evolved in a different direction from that of nursing advanced practice (e.g., administration, nursing education, health policy, and/or forensic nursing).
2. Appraise key differences in the evolution of this specialty as compared with other nursing advanced practice specialties?
3. Evaluate the future vision and goals of your chosen MSN role and relate to emerging healthcare trends and needs.
4. Investigate unique challenges in your state related to your chosen role that other nursing advanced practice colleagues should know about your role to promote cooperative relationships amongst the healthcare team.

Your paper must be presented in a single Word document. The paper must be between 3 to 4 pages in length, not including the title and reference list pages. The paper must use proper APA formatting as directed in the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition, including title page, running head, and reference list with properly formatted citations in the body of the paper.

 

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Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:

• Textbook: Chapter 2, 4
• Lesson
• Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook)

Initial Post Instructions
World War I is different from most other wars in that it was not a direct result of aggression by one entity towards another, notwithstanding the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian elements. Instead, it was the consequence of a number of forces amidst the disruption of the tenuous balance of power in Europe.

For the initial post, select and address one of the following:

• Option 1: Identify two forces that lead to WWI. Examine how they contributed to the outbreak of war.
• Option 2: Select a major battle such as Verdun, Marne, Ypres, or the Somme and chronicle that battle. Add further details about the battles.
  • What was the main strategy? What were they trying to accomplish?
  • How did leaders influence and mobilize troops?
  • What were the main consequences of the result?

 

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Assignment:

The Future of Healthcare Informatics

Write an essay addressing each of the following points/questions. Be sure to completely answer all the questions for each number item. There should be three sections, one for each item number below, as well the introduction (heading is the title of the essay) and conclusion paragraphs. Separate each section in your paper with a clear heading that allows your professor to know which bullet you are addressing in that section of your paper. Support your ideas with at least three (3) citations in your essay. Make sure to reference the citations using the APA writing style for the essay. The cover page and reference page do not count towards the minimum word amount. Review the rubric criteria for this assignment.

1. Identify the current role of the informatics nurse and predict the future role of the informatics nurse, based on scholarly sources.
2. Explain what is meant by connected health. Provide three examples of connected health in today’s healthcare environment. Explain the benefits and drawbacks of each.
3. In what ways has informatics impacted public health – please provide at least three examples.

Assignment Expectations:

Length: 500 words per essay prompt/section (1500 total for this assignment)

Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA style. These do not count towards the minimal word amount for this assignment. All APA Papers should include an introduction and conclusion. 

References: Use the appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. Include at least three (3) scholarly sources to support your claims.

 

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