ourse Project—Health Promotion Program Plan to Address Health Issue

In Week 1, you selected and analyzed a health issue and described the population most affected by it, using the PRECEDE-PROCEED health promotion program planning model. In Week 2, you learned how to conduct a needs assessment and how the results of the needs assessments are used in health promotion program planning and design. In Week 3, you analyzed the predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling behavioral risk factors for your selected health issue, using the PRECEDE-PROCEED health promotion program planning model. In Week 4, you selected and evaluated the strategies of two social marketing campaigns.

This week you will address your selected health issue based on the individual project components you have completed throughout this course. Compile the relevant ideas from the papers developed from Week 1 through Week 4 to create a complete health promotion program plan. Write a 15 to 20 page, double-spaced, research paper. Use the eight (8) phases of PRECEDE-PROCEED health promotion planning model, to create a health promotion plan for your selected health issue.

Please include the following in your paper:

• Write a 1 to 2-page executive summary about the health promotion program plan. The executive summary should be written keeping a lay audience in mind.
• Create one or more graphic organizers for the planning model, following the framework of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model.
• Please remember to also:
  • Identify a working group for implementation of your selected strategies (Phase 4)
  • Explain how strategies would be adopted, implemented, and maintained in the community (Phase 5)
• Write an introduction, a summary, and include a separate title page and a page for references.
• Be sure to use a minimum of five scholarly references and support your statements with appropriate examples.

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Comment 1

The social determinants of health refer to the social and economic conditions that determine an individual’s health and medical well-being. Economic and social conditions are variedly distributed amongst people and they affect people’s working and living conditions differently. The social determinants of health affect an individual working and living conditions.   Social determinants are informed by public policies that mirror the political ideologies of the people in authority. Economic conditions determine the social conditions of a community. People who live in affluent areas are more content with their lives and they are mentally and physically healthier than people who are not content with their social status. Poor people generally are less healthy and have shorter life expectancies as compared to rich people.

This differences in health are social injustices and they illuminate powerful health determinants in the modern world. The differences have allowed an increased understanding of how remarkably sensitive health issues are in the social environment. Social determinants contribute to the development of diseases in that poor people are generally more exposed to pathogens than the rich. They eat and drink contaminated food and water, the share amenities and they have no easy access to medical attention.

According to the epidemiologic triad model, the repeated interaction of a disease-causing agent on their host in a conducive environment results in the spread of infectious diseases (CDC, 2014).  The pathogen leaves its host and enters another potential host through a relevant portal.  The pathogen thrives and multiplies in its habitat in what is referred to as a chain of infection (WHO, 2014). Understanding the various transmission channels and exit portals enable a care provider to know the best cause of prevention and treatment. Control measures are typically employed in the section of the infection chain that allows easy intervention.  For instance, in the treatment of a bacterial respiratory infection, a nurse can administer antibiotics to a patient. A nurse can also wear protective gear such as masks and gloves to protect them from getting infections by touching infected bodily fluids.

Comment 2

The global health issue which I have chosen and has affected the international health community is Zika Virus. It is a virus, which is spread by mosquito popularly known as Aedes species of mosquito. The said species of mosquito can bite both during the day and night.  An issue of concern about Zika virus is pregnancy. The virus can pass through placenta thereby leading to birth defects. Zika virus can also be spread through sexual intercourse or sexual acts (Salazar, 2016).  Unfortunately, Zika virus does not have a vaccine. Some of the symptoms of Zika virus include headache, fever, joint pain, rash, muscle pain and red eyes. According to CDC, Zika virus symptoms can last for days or weeks. Death and hospitalization after Zika infection are very rare. After one is infected with Zika virus, immunity is built against infections in the future ((U.S.), 2018). Mosquitos, which spread Zika virus, can also spread chikungunya virus and dengue virus.

In the US, Zika infections have been reported in Florida and Texas states. On a global level, Zika infections have been reported in each continent except Europe and Antarctica. CDC already issued travel notices for regions including Asian nations of Singapore and Maldives, African countries of Guinea-Bissau and Angola, regions in Central America, Caribbean and Mexican regions such as Costa Rica, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras and Panama. The CDC also reported other regions affected though it did not issue travel notices especially in Asia and Africa ((U.S.), 2018).

Health care delivery systems all over the world need to work together to address Zika virus especially by creating awareness and providing education on prevention of transmission to areas of risks. As said earlier, there is no vaccine for Zika Virus and they key here is the prevention of mosquito bites (Salazar, 2016). Travellers who are outside their home countries should be made aware of higher risk regions.  There is also need for safe sex practices to prevent Zika infections. CDC suggests the use of both male and female condoms to reduce Zika transmission through sexual acts.

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comment 1

When a new director makes a decision of reorganizing the department without consulting the nurses who have been operating there for some time develops a conflict issue. This director rules autocratically which a style which builds tension among the management as well as employees. Nurses are important in the execution of better health care in the community and their roles are undisputable (Huber, 2018). Thus, nurses are supposed to be involved in changes that an organization wants and in decision making. 

Conflict may be described as the perceived threat that can be external or internal, positive or negative and disruptive or competitive. Leaders are supposed to be attentive to negative and disruptive conflicts that impact people’s actions and feeling in an undesired way. In case a change is made without involving nurses lead to high turnover, resentment, frustration and negative patient results. Conflict resolution leads to the adoption of different strategies which include the following; defensive mode like avoiding the subject to prevent escalation as well as gain time. The other one is a compromise as well as meeting at halfway to ensure each party gains something and finally, creative problem solving which includes empathy with the involved parties, discussing in a constructive manner and developing an assertive dialogue which results in solution agreement (Huber, 2018). 

As a nurse leader, in case of conflict, I would employ creative problem solving as a method of conflict resolution. I would make sure am familiar with the changing scope initiated by the director and understand the concerns of the staff as well as how the changes may negatively affect patient care, influence staff feelings and emotion and disrupt the entire nursing process. I would talk to the management to meet with the nurse staff to address the problem. Communication is a safe way for the management to share changes to the staff. I would motivate the nurses to speak out their concerns, remain assertive and communicate their ideas. I would also encourage an external mediator who is trusted, objective and knowledgeable. 

comment 2

We have worked so hard to attain all of your nursing credentials, yes, now it’s time to put your skills to work in a professional setting and make your contribution to the healthcare profession, but you cannot just do it alone. Therefore, building a professional network is the opportunity you need so it can bring career advancement. In addition to helping grow your professional network and making lifelong friends, attending conferences can also give nurses a chance to break away from the stress of their everyday work and give your brain a break. Creating  a connection maybe able to offer direct help or put you in contact with someone who can directly help you, but you may be able to return the favor at some point by keeping the connection open for other people. Moreover, every professional connection should be based on interactions that involve knowledge sharing and mutual professional development

  In fact, networking may play an even larger role when it comes to nursing jobs.  Nurses must develop strong relationships with peers and managers at both their current and former jobs. This means maintaining some level of contact with former coworkers to ensure relationships stay fresh and relevant and open. It also means developing relationships that are strong enough to be able to ask for and receive a glowing professional reference when needed. Given that nurse’s central role in patient care is maintaining current knowledge of trends and advancements, teamwork is vital too.

  A situation in which I have networked for the health of a population or your community was when our facility lagged really behind in wound care, our new admissions from hospital always come with very bad wound and before we could start our own policy on wound care some are worse, I made my director of nursing hire a wound doctor I met when I was in school. The doctor created a wound tracking every Wednesday and sent some interested nurses to wound care training, since then we are one of the best if you ask me in our community.

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the premier public health agency in the United States and is considered an expert on all public health issues. Review the CDC website to learn how the CDC articulates information related to public health and how you can write a similar narrative in your grant or contract application. Visit this website at the following: cdc.gov

Using the weekly readings, the South University online library resources, and the Internet, research the importance of writing a grant or contract proposal narrative. Based on your research, respond to the following:

• Knowing that the “devil is in the details,” what specific steps will you take to make sure you have addressed everything required by a Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA)? Explain your answer with the help of examples.
• Which of these steps will be the most difficult to execute and why? Give reasons and examples in support of your responses. Be sure to cite any relevant resources.

Write your initial response in approximately 300 words

By  the due date assigned, post your response to the below Discussion Area. Through the end of the week, review and comment on at least two peers’ responses. Consider commenting on their plans to make sure that everything is in order and that they have adequately addressed every component of the FOA. Respond to the assigned question using the lessons and vocabulary found in the reading. Support your answers with examples and research. Your responses should clarify your understanding of the topic. They should be your own, original, and free from plagiarism. Follow the APA format for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources. Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your peers as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your peers’ posts. Participate in the discussion by analyzing each response for completeness and accuracy and by suggesting specific additions or clarifications for improving the discussion question response.

Evaluation Criteria:

• Explained the steps required to address everything required by an FOA. Provided relevant examples.
• Identified the most difficult steps to execute and explained why they were difficult.
• Responses demonstrated in-depth research and analysis.
• Justified your answers with appropriate research and reasoning.
• Commented on the postings of at least two peers.

Rubrics 

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Cryptosporidium Infections

Public health response is crucial in the event of an infectious disease outbreak to reduce the number of people infected and to reduce the spread of disease. In outbreaks of a large magnitude, miscommunication between local, state, and federal agencies can delay the response and the effectiveness of the treatment.

Review the case study in the chapter “The Massive Waterborne Outbreak of Cryptosporidium Infections, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1993” in your textbook.

Write a 3–4-page report in Microsoft Word format to include the following:

• Describe, in brief, the health issue in the case study as well as the response methods to the health issue in chronological order.
• Evaluate the case study for appropriateness of response by both local and state officials.
• Rate the readiness and proficiency of the city health officials in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Suggest more effective response methods for the public health response in this case study.

Support your statements with appropriate examples and scholarly references.

Submit your assignment to the W1: Assignment 3 Dropbox by Tuesday, October 10, 2017.

Name your document SUO_PHE4095_W1_A3_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.

Cite all sources using the APA format.

Assignment 3 Grading CriteriaMaximum PointsDescribed the health issue in the case study as well as the response methods to the health issue in chronological order.10Evaluated the case study for appropriateness of response by both local and state officials.15Rated the readiness and proficiency of the city health officials in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.10Suggested more effective response methods for the public health response.10Used correct spelling, grammar, and professional vocabulary. Cited all sources using the APA format.5Total50

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